摘要:

Summary—The incidence of pelviureteric junction (PUJ) hydronephrosis and a bifid pelvicaliceal collecting system was determined in the parents and siblings of 19 patients with PUJ hydronephrosis. The high incidence of hydronephrosis in first degree relatives supports the hypothesis that PUJ hydronephrosis is inherited by an autosomal dominant gene of variable penetrance. There is a genetic inter‐relationship between PUJ hydronephrosis and a bifid pelvicaliceal system and therefore indirectly between vesico‐ureteric reflux and paraureteric diverticula. Ultrasound screening of the children of adults with PUJ hydronephrosis may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, thus preventing renal d

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A survey was carried out on the family history of renal stones among 380 patients in an out‐patient stone clinic, most of whom had experienced frequent recurrences.In 55.4% of patients at least one first‐degree relative had experienced renal stones. A positive family history was more common in females (64.7%) than in males (51.O%) and was particularly apparent in those who had multiple recurrences. It was also significantly more common in female patients with evidence of renal tubular defects (incomplete forms of renal tubular acidosis). Among the ordinary stone patients 18% of the fathers and 8% of the mothers had also formed renal stones. The corresponding figures for female stone patients with renal tubular defects were 40 and 33% respectively. These findings indicate that tubular dysfunction could be an inherited trait that predisposes to the formation of renal stones.Hypercalciuria or hyperuricosuria was not over‐represented among stone formers with a positive family

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06290.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Thirty‐one calcium stone patients were treated with 300 mg allopurinol daily during a mean follow‐up period of 2 years. They were also given advice on diet and fluid intake. The effects on the recurrence rate of stones were compared with the effects on the recurrence rate in 43 calcium stone patients who were given similar advice on diet and fluid intake but were not treated with allopurinol. In both groups there was a reduction in the recurrence rate but no difference between patients treated with allopurinol and the control group. Some patients with only hyperuricosuria prior to treatment seemed to benefit from allopurinol treatment, whereas those with hypercalciuria continued to form stones with the same frequency. Allopurinol treatment in calcium stone disease appears less effective than treatment with thiazides, magnesium hydroxide or orthophos

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06291.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The function of 18 human kidney grafts was studied before and 3 months after autotransplantation without prior bench surgery on the parenchyma or the vessels. Kidney protection was accomplished by pre‐treating the patient with mannitol and low molecular weight dextran solution and flushing the kidney with a Xylocaine‐heparin mixture and cold Sacks' II solution. The mean cold ischaemia time was 239 min (range 140–345 min).The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remained unchanged post‐operatively in terms of both total and split kidney GFR. Proximal and distal tubular integrity, as studied by determination of beta2‐microglobulin excretion and concentration ability respectively, was als

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06292.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The status of T antigen was assessed by means of peanut agglutinin (PNA) used in an immunoperoxidase technique, and the status of ABH blood group antigens was determined by the specific red cell adherence (SRCA) test. Thirty‐eight patients with upper urinary tract tumours were examined.Our data indicated that T antigen status did not correlate with conventional prognostic indicators such as grade and stage of tumour and survival of patients, while the expression or deletion of ABH blood group antigens did correlate well.It was concluded that ABH blood group antigen determination might provide a useful prognostic probe in upper urinary tract tumours should it find clinical applicat

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06293.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors diclofenac and indomethacin relieve pain in renal colic probably by decreasing renal pelvic pressure. Decreased diuresis and effects on the oedema around the obstructing stone are plausible explanations. In the present study on rabbit renal pelvic tissue strips it was found that both indomethacin and diclofenac decreased the spontaneous phasic activity of the strips. ED50was 5.4 ±0.7 × 10‐5M for indomethacin and 2.4 ±0.5 × 10‐5M for diclofenac (P<0.001). With the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors still in the tissue bath the activity was regained when either prostaglandin E2or F2αwas added, prostaglandin E2being more potent in this respect. It was concluded that protaglandin synthetase inhibitors seem to reduce smooth muscle activity in the renal pelvis, a mechanism which might contribute to the pain‐relieving ability of these drugs in

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06294.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Malignant phaeochromocytoma is a rare tumour and experience in its management is therefore limited. Five patients are discussed in whom the development of metastases was associated with rapidly progressive diseas

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06295.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The surgical treatment of circumcaval ureter (type I) should eliminate the ureteric obstruction which is of variable causation. At operation, the aetiology of the obstruction can be determined by inspection of the extent of ureteric dilatation, perfusion‐pressure study and calibration of the lumen. Using this approach, the cause of the obstruction was found to be non‐stenotic intrinsic obstruction of the retrocaval segment in two cases of type I circumcaval ureter. In these patients, resection of the obstructing segment and uretero‐ureterostomy were carried out. The third patient had pelviureteric junction stenosis which was treated by dismembered pyeloplasty after ureteric rel

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06296.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The fabrication and use of a simple looped catheter for ureteric stone retrieval are reported. In a series of 46 patients the loop was passed successfully in 28 and the stone dislodged in 20 (71.4%). This device can be made by any urologist, using cheap, readily available materials. Complications are few and the success rate is hig

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06297.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Fifty‐one children had unilateral ureteric reimplants for primary vesicoureteric reflux over an 11 ‐year period. Reflux was abolished in 50 patients but in 8 (15.7%) it developed or became worse on the contralateral side. An isotope renal scan (99mTc DMSA) was carried out in 15 of the 18 patients who had grossly scarred or dysplastic kidneys. Thirteen of these had less than 22% of total function coming from the affected kidney and seven had less than 10% of their total GFR coming from the kidney whose ureter had previously been reimplanted. Five of these children have undergone nephrectomy and it is felt that this would have been a better initial procedure. No patient was hypertensive at the conclusion of the

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb06298.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY