摘要:

SUMMARY1. This paper presents a new theory on the formation and growth of urinary calculi based on the lymphatic drainage of the kidney which is described.2. The material and methods which have been used in studying the formation of renal calculi have been described in detail. These include the technique of microradiography.3. The current theories of stone formation from the smallest crystalline deposits are reviewed.4. Observations have been made which are not explained by Randall's theory.5. By the new theory all the observed facts, including the formation of Randall's plaques, can be explained.6. Diffraction X‐ray analysis has been used to support this new theory.7. Facts of importance in partial nephrectomy in the treatment of renal lithiasis are emphasised and explaine

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAn angiographic study was made of the renal circulation of rabbits after total occlusion of the renal vessels for two hours.The angiograms made at twenty‐four and forty‐eight hours after release of the clamp all showed some abnormality where the vessels had been occluded. In most cases the intrarenal vessels were constricted and the circulation through the kidney, particularly through the peripheral cortex, was severely impaired. This picture was unaltered after administration of hexamethonium bromide.Angiograms of animals which survived, made at six and eight days after the period of temporary occlusion, showed that the renal vasoconstriction had relaxed and the circulation through the kidney had greatly improved.Histologically, the kidneys of those rabbits which did not survive for more than seventy‐two hours after release of the clamp showed changes similar to those seen in human cases of “crush syndrome.” The lesions were largely confined to the secreting tubules and were of variable severity and patchy in distribution. They were most extensive in the cortex, but were also present in the outer zone of the medulla. The kidneys of the rabbits which survived for six or more days were essential

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwelve cases of primary neoplasms of the ureter are reported. They comprise nine carcinomas and three papillomas.The case histories are described and the cases are classified clinically into four groups.Methods of investigation are discussed, with particular reference to the performance of ureterograms, and attention is drawn to the importance of establishing the cause of unilateral hydronephrosis. The pathology and treatment of the condition are briefly considered.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYFourteen cases ofB, coligenito‐urinary infections were treated with Urolucosil. Ten were completely cured. The other four showed clinical improvement and at the time of discharge were symptom‐free; three had a persistence of the colipyuria, and one had a pyuria with no return of theB. colito the urine.From the above results it would seem that Urolucosil is effective againstB. coliurinary infections and it is non‐toxic even when given over a prolonged period. With the exception of Case 6 there would appear to be no evidence of drug resistance. Even in the event of a relapse, following maintenance dosage, increase to a normal therapeutic dosage appears to control the infection rapidly. A minimum maintenance dosage of one tablet three times a day is considered advisable, because an instance of recurrence of colipyuria during treatment by one tablet a day is recorded. One case was referred for operation and a most persistent colipyuria was controlled up to the time the operation was performed–this would seem to be a most useful indication for treatment with Urolucosil. The cases have been followed up for a lengthy period owing to their attendance for other reasons at a venereal diseases clinic. In only one case was a blood picture carried out, but that patient had received more treatment than any of the others and a satisfactory blood picture was obtained. This patient also had cultures of fæces, which apparently demonstrated that no major change in the intestinal flora resulted from Urolucosil treatment. All the cases were complicated either by a previous or present infection with venereal diseases, with the exception of one female case. The approved international non‐proprietary name of Urolucosil is sulpha

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe acid phosphatase of dilute human seminal plasma is inactivated by heating at 37° C. in the presence of a variety of inorganic buffer mixtures ofpH below 4 and above 6.6; at slightly higherpH when serum is present; and atpH 7.2 to 7.4 in human and dog blood kept fluid by neutral citrate/dextrose solutions.The acid phosphatase found in the blood of normal subjects and patients with carcinoma of the prostate is stable for long periods at 37° C. in blood ofpH 7.2 to 7.4 kept fluid by neutral citrate/dextrose solutions. Serum separated from the clot from which it has been expelled and exposed to the atmosphere undergoes an alkaline change which makes its acid phosphatase liable to rapid inactivation at temperatures over 20° C. (68° F.). Serum in contact with its clot remains atpH 7.4 for a considerable time, and under these conditions the acid phosphatase in the serum is stable at temperatures below 30° C. (86° F.) for periods up to twenty‐four hours.Determination of the acid phosphatase in the plasma of blood kept fluid by acid citrate/dextrose solutions has the following advantages over serum acid phosphatase determination: (1) Plasma acid phosphatase levels are greater than those of the corresponding serum levels; (2) errors due to hæmolysis of red blood cells are less likely to occur with plasma than serum determinations; (3) plasma determinations may be made sooner after blood is drawn than serum determinations; (4) less blood is required for plasma than serum determinations; (5) acid phosphatase is so stable in blood preserved with acid citrate/dextrose solution that determinations may be delayed fo

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe glandular acid phosphatase in a series of thirty benign and two cases of malignant enlargement of the prostate was estimated. Wide variation was discovered and the malignant glands were found to contain much less enzyme than the benign.The same glands were stained for acid phosphatase by Gomori's method Acid phosphatase was demonstrated in all. The histology of these sections is described and illustrated.An explanation is submitted for the wide variation in the figures for the benign glands and for the low ones in malignant glands.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA simple apparatus which allows cystometry to be performed easily in any hospital ward with minimal delay in the provision of sterile apparatus is described.The use of a finger‐cot to separate blood from an aneroid sphygmomanometer is depicted in an article on intra‐arterial transfusion by Robertson, Trincher, and Dennis (1948).The aneroid pressure‐gauge described above was obtained from the Genito‐ Urinary Manufacturing Company,

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA case of teratoma of the testis is described. The presenting symptom was loss of sensation in the fourth and fifth fingers. On investigation the patient was found to have a left testicular teratoma, multiple metastases in the liver, and enlarged lymph nodes in the left supraclavicular fossa causing Horner's syndrome and ulnar nerve palsy.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1954.tb06082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY