摘要:

SummarySerial computer assisted blood background subtraction renograms have been performed in 8 patients with acute renal failure.One patient showed an initial tracing identical to that from a case with a bilateral nephrectomy; in 2 patients initial tracings were indistinguishable from those of cases of advanced chronic parenchymal renal disease; however all 3 patients made a complete recovery.In 3 patients symmetrical continuously rising renograms were obtained as previously reported in acute renal failue.In 2 patients asymmetrical renograms were obtained which could have been interpreted as indicating obstructive uropathy.Renography in acute renal failure must be interpreted with extreme caution.We are grateful to Professor A. Polak and Dr H. A. Lee for their advice.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03824.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA blood‐warming coil immersed in ice‐slush rapidly lowers the temperature of normal saline and allows it to be used to cool a kidney to the range of hypothermia which protects it from the effects of ischaemia. This simple method of hypothermia has been shown to be effective in operations on 9 kidn

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03825.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMesenteric venous thrombosis developed in a patient 9 months after successful cadaveric renal transplantation. Following small bowel resection the thrombosis recurred and ultimately this spread to involve the portal and splenic veins with fatal results.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA hundred and eight patients with renal calculi attending a single clinic were studied in order to try and establish the primary cause of their stones. Sixty‐six of these patients (61 %) proved to have idiopathic hypercalciuria, confirming that this is the most common cause of renal calculi in adult males.A total of 87 patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria were investigated. Plasma calcium was normal with no “tendency to a low plasma calcium”, plasma inorganic phosphate was only 0–5 mg/100 ml below normal, and plasma urate only 0–5 mg/100 ml above normal.The long‐term effect on the urinary calcium of patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria treated with bendrofluazide and/or cellulose phosphate has been studied. The success rate in lowering urinary calcium was 54% for thiazide alone, 60% for cellulose phosphate alone, and 100% in the small number treated with both drugs together. The overall success rate was 75 %, but may yet r

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a collection of 856 urinary calculi from Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the most abundant and frequently occurring crystalline constituents are the mono‐ and di‐hydrates of calcium oxalate and hydroxy‐ and carbonate‐apatite.On the basis of composition, most stones can be assigned to a few well‐defined groups. The most common composition type, accounting for 34% of the collection, is that composed of calcium oxalate+calcium phosphate. The oxalate can be either or both of the hydrates, often both are present, but the calcium phosphate is generally hydroxyapatite. Stones consisting of pure calcium oxalate make up 27% of the total, while those comprised of struvite+calcium phosphate contribute 17%. In the latter variety the calcium phosphate is almost invariably carbonate‐apatite. The other group considered consists of the pure calcium phosphate calculi which account for 7% of the collection.The incidence of stones in relation to their site in the urinary tract and the patient's age and sex has been investigated, together with the effect of the stone site, patient's age and sex on the distribution of calculi in the main composition groups and the effect of composition, site, age and sex on the stone weight. Most of these variables have a significant effect on one another.The incidence of stones is also related to daily occupation, professional workers being 10 times more likely to develop urolithiasis than labourers.We thank the Medical Research Council and Nuffield Foundation who financed most of this work and Mr D. Sturt who kindly agreed to the participation of the Computer Centre in this project. We are greatly indebted to Mr N. W. Please for advice and many helpful discussions on the statistics and for carrying out the analysis of variance. Finally, we are grateful to the many surgeons and physicians who provided the stones a

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03828.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo cases of unilateral and 2 of bilateral ureteral duplication with ectopy are presented.Five of 6 ectopic renal segments were visualised directly without instrumentation by means of high‐dose urograms with delayed films. This technique is recommended in the investigation of possible ureteral ectopy.We are grateful to Mr Guy Baines of Birmingham for referring Case 2 and also to Mr J. Gordon Smart of Leicester for the loan of radiographs in Case

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLateral cystograms done with a urethral catheter in place clearly define the vesico‐urethral segment. Lateral X‐ray films at rest and with straining while the patient is lying on the flat X‐ray table determine the initial resting position and the degree of mobility of the vesico‐urethral segment.Normally the vesico‐urethral junction is opposite the lower third of the pubic bone and moves about 0–5 to 1–5 cm downward and posteriorly with straining.In true stress incontinence, the intrinsic urinary sphincteric mechanism is usually intact (unless surgically damaged), yet weakened by lack of pelvic support–which leads to excessive mobility and/or abnormal resting position of the vesico‐urethral segment. Surgery can correct only these 2 defects if present.Simplified cystographic studies can offer valuable information in confirming the diagnosis and in assess

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes from patients with bladder cancer on T24 bladder cancer cells in tissue culture have been studied. The technical problems are described and the suitability of the method as part of the assessment of the patients' immune reactivity discussed. On balance the technical difficulties outweigh its theoretical advantages.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIntravesical hyperbaric therapy has been used successfully to control severe haemorrhage from the bladder following radiotherapy and multiple tumours in 8 treatments on 7 patients.A good long‐term palliative effect has also been achieved in the majority.The treatment is relatively free from side‐effects, can be repeated, and is recommended as the primary treatment in bleeding from the irradiated bladder free of tumour and in the otherwise inoperable patient.In operable lesions it controls the bleedinglongenough for the patient to be adequately prepared for major surgery.We would like to acknowledge the considerable help given to us by the Anaesthetic Department and the devoted attention of the Sister and Nurses on the Keeling Ward. We are indebted to the Photographic Department of the United Sheffield Hospitals for the photogra

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe use of the Turner‐Warwick scrotal inlay urethroplasty has been reviewed in 37 cases, of whom 25 have been completed with closure of their urethroplasties.The patients have been delighted with their micturition even during the review stage but slight post‐micturition dribbling and impaired ejaculation have been reported in a few cases.The use of fine Dexon absorbable sutures throughout all stages of the urethroplasty has been recommended.I wish to express my gratitude to Richard Turner‐Warwick for initiating me into this technique of scrotal inlay urethrop

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY