摘要:

Summary—In a clinical study of 275 idiopathic stone formers the GFR was significantly raised in hypercalciuric patients compared with normal controlsP<0.001). The possibility that the mechanism underlying hypercalciuria and raised GFR may be prostaglandin‐mediated was considered because it is now well established that prostaglandins regulate intra‐renal haemodynamics and influence tubular electrolyte excretion.Experiments were performed in conscious Sprague Dawley rats to determine the changes in calcium and sodium excretion following prostaglandin synthetase inhibition with indomethacin. Both calcium and sodium excretion together with urine flow were significantly reduced (P<0.002). Further experiments were performed in anaesthetised monkeys (Macacca fascicularis) to see if the inhibitory effect of indomethacin was reversible. Exogenous prostaglandin (PGE2) infusion resulted in a marked calciuretic response without producing changes in GFR or blood pressure.Selected hypercalciuric patients were treated with indomethacin, which resulted in a significant fall in urinary calcium excretion (P<0.001). This clinical and experimental study suggests that PGE2is the hormone which determines the renal handling of calcium by controlling renal tubular fun

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary —Predictions of the potential for recovery of renal function in obstructive uropathy are difficult and unreliable.99mTechnetium DMSA accumulates in tubule cells and has been proposed as a marker of the tubular mass. However, in 34 patients with obstructive uropathy we have found no correlation between the pre‐operative scintigraphic appearances of the obstructed kidney and the post‐operative result. Reduced or absent DMSA uptake does not necessarily mean irreversible renal d

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Twenty‐one of 27 antegrade pressure flow studies performed before 1973 have been reviewed at a minimum of 5 years to assess the predictive value of the studies. There is no case in this series that has suggested that the incorrect information was supplied at the initial investigat

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Deconvolution analysis of the gamma camera renogram has been used in a prospective study of 60 cases presenting with radiologically demonstrated ureteric dilatation.The results show that ureteric dilatation due to obstruction can be differentiated from ureteric dilatation without obstruction on the basis of parenchymal tracer transit time

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—During a 4‐year period 143 ureteric stone patients were monitored with probe renography during and after obstruction. Cases with obstruction of short duration (less than 2 weeks) all did well. In cases with longer duration the renographic function values could be used to predict irreversible kidney damage. Stone size showed no correlation with functional impairment. Infection proximal to ureteric stones accelerated kidney damage. Recommendations for the control of ureteric stone patients are gi

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Twenty‐nine patients with symptomatic segmental renal disorders were studied by regional renography. Twenty‐three patients had duplex kidneys and 6 had other segmental disease. Abnormal gamma camera findings included ureteroureteric reflux, vesicoureteric reflux, impaired function, obstruction and non‐obstructive dilatation. Comparison between renography and radiology in duplex kidneys showed agreement in 10 cases. In 7 kidneys the gamma camera provided additional information and in 6 cases the X‐rays alone were abnormal.It is concluded that regional renography should be performed wherever possible to complement conventional radiology in the functional and urodynamic evaluation of segmental rena

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A method ofin vivolabeling urinary calculi with99mTc‐methylene diphosphonate is described. This enables a radionuclide image of the stones to be produced and permits their location at operation by means of a small scintillation detector. The degree of uptake of the radiopharmaceutical on renal stones appears to depend on a number of factors, particularly the chemical composition of the sto

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—In renal calculus surgery, human dried fibrinogen produces a coagulum with a much greater tensile strength, stickiness, deformability and extractability than cryoprecipitate, which produces a relatively weak and friable clot. A useful coagulum may be prepared at room temperature at any convenient time prior to use if a mixture of 1 9 ml human dried fibrinogen solution and 1 ml thrombin solution is used. If mixed in a single syringe and injected within 35 s through a butterfly needle into the renal pelvis, complete mixing of the solutions is guaranteed.By using this simple method, the unpredictability of the coagulum can now be eliminated and a strong and elastic clot can be produce

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—In the 17 years up to 1979 189 kidneys have had an extended pyelolithotomy for staghorn calculus and have been followed up. In only 1 of 96 unilateral cases did a stone form in a normal contralateral kidney, whatever the outcome of surgery on the affected side. Seven early nephrectomies were performed for non‐function and in 6 bilateral cases, with advanced renal failure, surgery did not arrest the loss of renal function. Regrowth of stone occurred in 43 cases (complete staghorns in 24). Regrowth did not occur in 1 8 of 20 incompletely cleared kidneys nor in 22 of 41 with persistent infection. Renal function was improved in 1 3 of 1 5 cases where it had not already deteriorated beyond a critical point.It is concluded that unilateral staghorn stones may be treated in their own right, without fear of compromising a normal contralateral kidney; that regrowth of stones is not inevitable, even with incomplete clearance; and that renal function is usually improved by surg

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Inosine, a purine nucleotide, has been used in 33 patients as a method of preventing ischaemic renal damage. The long‐term results have been reviewed with a mean follow‐up of 28 months.lnosine was administered either intra‐arterially or intravenously. Renal function was assessed by serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and divided function renography.lnosine afforded satisfactory protection in ischaemic periods of up to 60 min, particularly if pre‐operative function was normal. It was less reliable if pre‐operative function was poor or in ischaemic periods greater than 60 min. lnosine is a helpful aid in ischaemic re

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY