摘要:

Summary—Pressures occurring in the upper urinary tract during perfusion and diuresis were compared in an unsedated dog preparation. Perfusion pressures were significantly higher, suggesting that a product of diuresis actively reduces upper tract ton

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06539.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—An experimental model is described in which the relationship between relative renal intrapelvic pressure and perfusion rate at varying degrees of ureteric obstruction was investigated in the rabbit ureter. There was smooth, laminar (Poiseuille) flow in the ureterover awide range of flow rates even in the presence of sharp constrictions. The theoretical basis of these findings in terms of the fluid mechanics of collapsible tubes is defined and their importance in the assessment of equivocal upper tract obstruction discusse

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—An experimental model is described in rabbits where chronic partial ureteric occlusion and permanent renal pelvic cannulation were performed. For periods of up to three months, parameters of distal nephron function were measured repeatedly and pressure‐flow studies performed. Fractional water clearance, free water clearance/GFR ratio and the relative intrapelvic pressure (IPP) on perfusion were increased (P<0.01) as a result of partial ureteric occlusion. A new parameter, “the distal nephron index”, is described which is also raised in obstruction (P<0.01) and which exhibits a linear correlation with relative IPP (r =+0.40;P<0.05) not demonstrated by the other distal nephron function measurements. The implications of this relationship in the assessment of upper tract dilatation are di

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—It is suggested that lower polar renal vessels are a common cause of idiopathic hydronephrosis and that the Hellstrom operation, combined with pelviureteric lysis, is an effective and simple treatment of such cases. The operation is described and a prospective study of 15 cases so treated is outlined. The results were studied by clinical, radiological and renographic criteria and showed that deconvolution renography is a less valuable means than the relief of pain and improvement in appearance of the IVU and diuretic urograms in assessing results. The operation is minor and cannot make things worse and there is no possibility of urine leakage or late stenosi

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Nineteen peripelvic cysts with unusual findings are discussed. While usually an incidental radiographic finding, these cysts may obstruct the collecting system and yet not be apparent on nephrotomography. They may also be confused with renal sinus lipomatosis and, ultrasonographically, they may mimic hydronephrosi

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Six male patients with severe recurrent urinary calculus disease underwent renal autotransplantation with direct pyelocystostomy to allow spontaneous passage of stones. The only serious complication was an early renal vascular thrombosis with graft loss in one patient who had been operated on three times before with ipsilateral partial resections for nephrolithiasis. The other five patients did well (observation time 4–34 months). Their renal function has remained unchanged.Autotransplantation with direct pyelocystostomy should be considered in patients with multiple recurrent stones of the upper urinary tract, especially when some degree of obstruction has developed or when other predisposing anomalies prev

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Chronic urinary infection is thought to be a major factor in the causation of urinary calculi in paraplegic patients. Acetohydroxamic acid is reported to be effective in some patients for the management of this type of stone disease, but there have been no studies of urinary saturation levels during therapy with this drug.In this study 10 patients received oral acetohydroxamic acid for seven days. Marked lowering of urinary pH and ammonium levels were observed, but decreases in urinary saturation were small. The administration of acetohydroxamic acid resulted in increased urinary excretion of magnesium and phosphate, effects that have not previously been reporte

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06545.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—In a series comprising 235 clinically unrecognised renal carcinoma, metastatic spread was found in 56 cases (24%). In 82% of cases with metastases the spread involved more than one site.Lymphatic spread was diagnosed in 37 patients. Lymph node metastases were usually multiple and multifocal and were almost as common in the mediastinum as in the retroperitoneal space. In cases with involvement of these sites and/or supraclavicular nodes, concomitant metastases in the lungs were observed in 86% and in other organs in 11%.Since lymph node invasion is a strong indicator of systemic spread, the therapeutic benefit of radical lymphadenectomy seems very low, whereas a limited unilateral dissection is justified mainly for its value as a staging procedur

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The scintigrams and radiographs of 32 patients with renal carcinoma were reviewed. False negative skeletal scintigrams were observed in four of 12 symptomatic patients with proven skeletal metastases from carcinoma of the kidney. A negative scintigram therefore does not exclude the possibility of skeletal metastases in this conditio

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Forty‐two bone images carried out on 33 patients with renal carcinoma have been evaluated. The bone image seems more sensitive than conventional radiology in detecting bone secondaries, but covert metastases are unlikely in the patient presenting with purely urological sympt

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1983.tb06548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY