摘要:

SummaryTwo families with hereditary hydronephrosis are reported and a further 4 families form the literature reviewed. In these families the condition may be unilateral or bilateral, and if unilateral, is more common on the left side.Hereditary pelvi‐ureteric obstruction is due to an autosomal dominant gene with variable penetrance. Evidence from animal studies relating to the pathogenesis of pelvi‐ureteric obstruction is discussed.It is suggested that the mild form of the condition may have more clinical significance than has been previously realised. The association of renal agenesis and hereditary hydronephrosis is also no

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIsolated strips of pig renal calyx undergo spontaneous rhythmical changes in tension.Noradrenaline, adrenaline and phenylephrine mediate their stimulatory effects by interaction with α‐adrenoceptors, and isoprenaline its inhibitory effect via β‐adrenoceptors.Acetylcholine exerts a similar excitatory action via muscarinic receptors.Evidence is presented for innervation of the a‐adrenoceptors, although this innervation appears to be relatively

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive cases of atypical hydatid cyst of the kidney are present.Four cases simulated kidney tumours and 1 an infectious lesion, but were misdiagnosed on account of the absence of the typical signs and finding of hydatid disease.With the increase in world travel hydatid disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of all other kidney masses, especially when they are atypical.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe intestinal calcium absorption was measured in a group of stone formers using an external isotope counting technique.Hyperabsorption was found in 82% and was even more prevalent in the recurrent cases.Comparison of absorption with urinary calcium excretion showed greater correlation in a group of recurrent stone formers than in cases of apparently solitary stone formation.The finding of intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium in a high proportion of stone formers may be aetiologically significant in the parenchymal calcium deposition found in these cases.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySodium cellulose phosphate can significantly diminish the absorption of calcium from the intestine; there is concomitant diminution of urinary calcium excretion. The plasma levels of the divalent cations do not appear to be influenced by this therapy.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10176.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe composition of urinary stones in different countries can be related to the extent of economic development present and the major types of stones in the world, namely children's and adult lower urinary tract calculi in technically developing countries and adult upper urinary tract ones in industrialised areas, are of very different composition.Approximately 89 % of children's stones consist of or contain ammonium acid urate + calcium oxalate and the composition of the nucleus suggests the former compound is more important in the nucleation of such calculi. Of similar composition are children's bladder stones from old museum collections in England.Large amounts of uric acid and calcium oxalate are present in adult lower urinary tract stones from technically developing countries and museum collections, and many stones contain these 2 compounds frequently with ammonium acid urate.Adult upper urinary tract calculi from industrialised countries and from “Westernised” areas of technically developing ones, consist predominantly of calcium oxalate + calcium phosphate or pure calcium oxalate. Stones of such composition are not often found in collections of children's bladder calculi, whether from technically developing countries or museum collections, and stones with ammonium acid urate + calcium oxalate do not occur in industrialised countries like Great Britain and America. However, uric acid + calcium oxalate stones, but without ammonium acid urate, are found in some countries in Europe where they are the most frequently occurring type after the pure calcium oxalate and calcium oxalate + calcium phosphate varieties.Children's stones and adult lower urinary tract ones in industrialised countries and children's upper tract stones in technically developing countries, though of less importance, nevertheless have their own particular composition which again is different for regions of different economic development.The most frequent combinations of individual constituents in the different composition types are discussed, as well as the sex and average age of the patients and the number and weight of the sto

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10177.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA case of multilocular renal cyst associated with an intrapelvic small nodule of malignant Wilms' tumour presenting subsequent urothelial metastasis is described. To avoid the possibility of urothelial neoplastic cell implantation the authors suggest more detailed histological examination and removal of the ureter in appropriate cases.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive pigs of the Danish Landrace breed had one ureter totally replaced with a Scurasiln prosthesis provided with RhodergonRcuffs and an anti‐reflux valve. The opposite kidney was removed simultaneously.There were no postoperative complications. All pigs survived an observation period of 6 to 8 months. There were no signs of hydronephrosis or urine leakage and the kidney function remained normal. Postmortem examinations showed foreign body reaction adjacent to the prosthesis but this was without clinical significance.As a consequence of these results, the prosthesis was used in 2 women with ureteric obstruction after radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. The results may be described as satisfactor

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary11 cases of intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder were seen in a 3–year period at Mulago Hospital, Uganda.The presentation and management are described and possible reasons for the good prognosis are discusse

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIntermittent intravenous methotrexate has been used to treat patients with locally advanced or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (40 cases) and of the renal pelvis (2 cases).Objective evidence of tumour regression, attributable to the methotrexate therapy, was observed in 11 patients (26 %) for 2 to 20 months. Several other patients gained relief of symptoms but in these there was no clear evidence of tumour regression.Toxic side‐effects from methotrexate interrupted treatment for a time in 29 patients but were seldom serious and were never fatal.It is concluded that intravenous methotrexate therapy is of value in the management of advanced bladder cancer.The possibility of improving tumour response and decreasing drug toxicity is discusse

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1974.tb10181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY