ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05449.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The excretion of four inhibitors of urinary stone formation (zinc, magnesium, citrates and glycosaminoglycans (GAG)) was studied in 20 normal controls and 40 recurrent calcium stone formers who were placed on a fixed diet restricted in calcium, oxalates and purines. We were unable to show any abnormality in the excretion of Zn, Mg or GAG.In 11 patients, a low level of urinary citrate was a significant feature that was associated in most cases with a urinary pH value above 6. Citrate concentration (per litre) and output (per 24 h) were found to be lower than in the controls in 19 and 33% respectively of the determinations. The overall ratio of average urinary citrate concentration in patients and controls was 0.56, a figure in agreement with previous dat

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05450.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The sapphire crystal infrared photocoagulator and polyglactin (Vicryl) mesh, two new methods for closure of radial nephrotomies, were assessed in 16 dogs. Six radial nephrotomies were carried out in each dog; in 10 the nephrotomies were sealed by the infrared photocoagulator and in six they were left open, but the kidney was covered with a polyglactin mesh. Functional and morphological studies were performed using creatinine clearance, microfil casting, corrosion cast angiography and histology. There was no significant loss of function or loss of renal tissue. Both methods were shown to be safe and effective in the closure of radial nephrotomie

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Fistula or deep sinus formation as a complication of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) has not been described previously in the British literature. We present the clinicopathological features of one case of a nephrodiaphragmatic sinus complicating XPN, and three cases of nephrocolic fistula, including the first recorded case of fistula in childhood XPN. The detailed clinical, radiological and pathological features of XPN and its complications are reviewed. Total nephrectomy, together with primary excision of sinuses or fistulae, is the treatment of choic

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05452.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Five cases of clinically manifest solitary and bilateral renal lesions metastatic from the lung are presented. These cases are unusual in that renal metastases are usually silent lesions discovered at autopsy. Review of the autopsy data from this hospital identified renal metastases in 19% of patients who died from carcinoma of the lung. This incidence parallels that of other series.A solid renal lesion which is identified in a patient with a history of pulmonary carcinoma should raise the suspicion of renal metastases, especially if computed tomography of the mass demonstrates relative homogeneity and minimal enhancement. More frequent use of the abdominal CT scan in staging patients with lung cancer will render metastatic carcinoma from lung to kidney a more frequentante mortemdiagnos

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05453.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Over a 1 ‐year period, rigid ureteroscopy has been used to retrieve ureteric calculi in 120 patients. The technical details, causes of failure and the complications are described. An initial success rate of 78% was obtained. It was concluded that ureteroscopy should replace blind procedures for the extraction of ureteric sto

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05454.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Eleven patients with vesicoureteric reflux secondary to neuropathic bladder were treated by endoscopic injection of pyrolised polytetrafluoroethyiene (Polytef) paste. Thirteen of the 15 ureters treated showed disappearance of reflux after one injection. The amount of Polytef paste injected varied from 0.2 to 0.9 mi (mean 0.45 ml). There were no complications, except in one ureter where distension of the collecting system was slightly increased compared with the pre‐operative urog

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05455.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The influence of serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine) on human detrusor and on pig detrusor, trigone, bladder neck and urethral smooth muscle was explored in a series ofin vitroexperiments. Serotonin evoked a dose‐dependent and reversible contraction of the detrusor. The reverse response was triggered in trigone, bladder neck and urethral smooth muscle‐a dose‐dependent and reversible relaxation. The maximum amplitude of this relaxation was 85 ± 15% of the relaxation produced by electrical nerve stimulation.The effect of serotonin was unaltered by blockade of ganglia, alpha‐ and beta‐adrenergic receptors, cholinergic receptors and prostaglandin synthesis. The serotonin antagonists ketanserin, methysergide and cyproheptadine partly inhibited the effect of serotonin. The antagonism differed in potency on strips of different origin. The antagonists were ineffective or minimally effective in blocking responses to nerve stimulation.The effect of serotonin was probably mediated by specific serotonin receptors different from the serotonin‐s,‐receptors predominating in vascular smooth muscle. Serotonin is a potential neurotransmitter in lower urinary tract smooth muscle, but its importance in micturition physiology and pathophy

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05456.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A graphic representation of the micturition cycle by a pressure‐volume plot has been obtained in 120 women, both incontinent patients and normal controls.The pattern of contraction during voiding allowed prediction of the outcome of treatment. Patients with urethral sphincter incompetence and a sustained detrusor contraction had a good result from colposuspension even if detrusor instability was found during filling. Where the urethral sphincter was competent, patients with urge incontinence with or without detrusor instability during filling cystometry had a good response to drugs, providing a sustained detrusor contraction was present during voiding. Urethral sphincter incompetence was characterised by a low detrusor voiding press

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05457.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—We have studied the accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) in the diagnosis of early superficial bladder carcinoma. One hundred and twenty‐six patients returning for check cystoscopy were scanned pre‐operatively with the Technicare Autosector Scanner and the results compared with the endoscopic findings.Forty‐four patients (37%) had a tumour recurrence. TAUS demonstrated a lesion in 50% of these with a false positive rate of 11 %. The diagnostic accuracy was proportional to the tumour size (82% of patients with tumours above 5 mm were detected compared with 38% below 5 mm), but was not affected by grade, stage or position in the bladder.TAUS may prove a useful adjunct to cytology as a screening test for bladder

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1986.tb05458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY