ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14818.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The bone mineral content of the radius was measured in 32 male renal stone formers, 18 of them presenting with idiopathic urolithiasis and 14 with primary hyperparathyroidism, a disease known to disturb bone metabolism. The idiopathic stone formers had been on regular treatment with a low calcium diet. The bone mineral content of the radius was reduced to a similar level in both groups of patients. The data suggest that idiopathic stone formers on a low calcium diet are at risk of osteopenia; the factors which could lead to a negative calcium balance included uncompensated renal hypercalciuria, hypophosphataemia and exaggerated serum levels of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D. To treat idiopathic hypercalciuria, thiazide diuretics, which reduce the renal excretion of calcium and have been shown to be beneficial for bone, seem safer than a low calcium d

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14819.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—We describe a safe method of percutaneous renal transplant biopsy using real time ultrasound guidance. The method provides a good histological sample, is straightforward and has a low complication rat

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14820.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A study was made of the diagnostic reliability of renal ultrasound with a diuretic in the evaluation of upper tract obstruction. The test comprised an initial renal ultrasound examination followed by the intravenous injection of 250 ml physiological saline with 40 mg frusemide; further ultrasound scans were carried out from 5 to 150 minutes later. A total of 67 patients was studied and the results were compared with those of diuretic intravenous urography, diuretic renography and, in some cases, the Whitaker test. Dynamic ultrasound with a diuretic showed a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 94%, positive predictive value of 91% (obstructive), negative predictive value of 96% (non‐obstruction) and a total diagnostic capacity of

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14821.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—We present 7 patients (5 adult females and 2 neonate males) with adrenal cysts. The cysts included 1 hydatid, 1 lymphatic and 5 pseudocysts. Three cysts were diagnosed pre‐operatively and all were resected surgically. The existence of true epithelial cysts of the adrenal gland is doubted by many authors; the present series includes most types of adrenal c

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14822.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A randomised multicentre clinical trial was undertaken to compare the effect on pain of indomethacin administered either intravenously or rectally to 116 patients with ureteric colic. Adverse reactions were also assessed.Of the patients receiving the intravenous injection, 48/53 (91%) achieved good pain relief(i.e.no supplementary analgesia was required) 30 min after administration, compared with 46/63 (73%) receiving the enema. Significantly more side effects occurred in the group treated intravenously.It was concluded that indomethacin administered as an enema was less effective than the intravenous form, but it should be regarded as a good alternative in the treatment of ureteric coli

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14823.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Three cases of bladder stone due to a migrated Stamey suture and cuff are reported. In each case peroperative cystoscopy confirmed that the sutures were extravesical. The Stamey cuff subsequently formed a nidus for intravesical stone formation. The mechanism of migration of the cuff, the radiological findings and the operative technique are discusse

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14824.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Details of 554 patients with urothelial carcinomas have been recorded on computer forms between 1973 and 1988 inclusive. Essential information from initial assessment and follow‐up examinations was printed out on specially designed urothelial update sheets, copies of which were given to patients and urologists as well as being filed in the hospital notes. The survival status of all patients was established as accurately as possible in the last 2 years of the study.Multivariate analysis of 462 bladder cancer patients with adequate follow‐up indicated that T category was the most important discriminating variable, followed by histological grade. After replacing T category by microscopic depth of invasion and bimanual examination, the latter was found to be the most important single variable. The omission of the findings on bimanual examination from the 1987 revision of the TNM classification therefore appears to be

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14825.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—In 83 bladder cancer patients with adequate follow‐up (mean 13 years, range 9–22) the prognostic value of morphometric, DNA flow cytometric and clinical parameters was assessed. Paraffin embedded material was used in flow cytometry. Univariate life‐table analysis showed the statistically significant relation of clinical stage, histological grade, mean nuclear area, the Standard Deviation (SD) of nuclear area, mean maximal nuclear diameter, mean nuclear perimeter and the volume corrected mitotic index (M/V index) to survival when bladder cancer deaths alone were used in the analysis. The recurrence of bladder cancer could be predicted with the M/V index. Survival analysis with Cox's regression model pointed to primary tumour clinical stage as the most important prognostic factor of crude survival. Histologically, grade and the SD of nuclear area were the best prognostic factors. Primary tumour stage and histological grade were the best predictors of death from bladder cancer. In Cox's model, histoquantitative methods are almost as good as clinical staging in predicting prognosis. DNA flow cytometry of paraffin embedded material offered no advantage over clinical stage, histological grade or morphology in assessing pr

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Sixty patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis and 21 men without prostatitis were studied. Transperineal prosatatic biopsies taken under transrectal ultrasound control were examined for antibody, complement (C3) and fibrinogen deposition using a direct immunofluorescence (IF) technique; 34 patients (57%) had prosatatic tissue that displayed IF staining compared with only 1 (5%) in the non‐prostatitis group. IF staining for IgM was found in 85%, for C3in 44%, for IgA in 35% and for fibrinogen in 24%, but the IgG subclass was not detected. Antibody deposition was mainly periglandular and glandular and in the wall of vessels. Five symptoms, particularly poor urinary flow, irritative voiding and urgency, were significantly correlated with IgM and C3deposition and, to a lesser extent, fibrinogen deposition. The aetiology of chronic abacterial prostatitis remains obscure but several possible mechanisms are discussed. The link between symptomatology and immunology could rest with functional outflow obstruction causing intraprostatic reflux of urine, this in turn inciting an immunological response, the inducing antigens being organism remnants or products, urinary constituents or autoantibod

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY