ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To inveslgate the possible involvement of endogenous endothelin (ET) in cyclosporin A (CsA) nephrotoxicity, we examined the renal effects of the selective [125I]ET‐1 binding to porcine aortic membrane (ETA) receptor antagonist, BQ‐123 (BQ), on CsA‐treated rats. An osmotic minipump filled with BQ or its vehicle (saline), was subcutaneously implanted and animals were treated with CsA (50mg/kg/d, i.p.) for 4 d. In both BQ‐and its vehicle‐treated rats, the 24‐hour urine volume, urinary N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion, urinaryCa/creatinine (Cr) and urinaryNAG/Cr ratios were significantly increased compared with those before administration of CsA. In contrast, after administration of CsA, urinary Cr excretion was significantly decreased in both rat groups. Although urinary NAG excretion and the NAG/Cr ratio in the rats treated with BQ were significantly increased compared with those treated with saline, the serum Cr levels in BQ‐treated rats were significantly lower than those in saline‐treated rats. Urinary immunoreactive ET‐1 (irET‐1) excretion in all animals was significantly increased after administration of CsA. There were no significant differences in urinary irET‐1 excretion in both BQ‐treated and saline‐treated rats with and without CsA. Expression of irET‐1 was seen in the cytoplasm of renal tubules, but the degree of expression was similar in the BQ‐treated and saline‐treated rats on CsA. In the BQ‐treated rats, small round areas with high grain densities over the glomeruli in the cortex and vesa recta bundles in the outer medulla were masked by the antagonist action of BQ. On microscopic examination of autoradiograms, the numbers of autoradiographic grains were clearly decreased in the glomeruli and vessels, which confirmed the presence of ETA. It was concluded that: (1) BQ had no effect on the products and release of ET‐1; (2) BQ could not entirely prevent CsA nephrotoxicity in rats; (3) BQ i

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 43 patients with recent‐onset calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis (25 male, 18 female; age range:–61 yr), urine saturation with calcium oxalate (CaOx) was calculated using a computer program (Equil‐AT). The results in kJ/mol (normal<2.0) were compared with those obtained with a simple test consisting of the addition of increasing amounts of calcium and oxalate to 3 tubes containing 10 ml urine. Development of turbidity in tube I denotes urine supersaturation with CaOx; turbidity in tubes II or III indicates lesser degrees of saturation, while a lack of turbidity (NT: no turbidity) shows undersaturation. Both saturation estimates were performed using aliquots of 24‐hour urine collections. Twenty‐one samples developed turbidity in tube I, 9 in tube II, and 6 in tube III, while 7 showed NT. There were no significant differences in Equil‐AT values between II and III and between III and NT (p<0.05 for I vs II and I vs III). High computer‐calculated saturation values were found in 86% of group I samples and 22% of group II samples. None of the urines exhibiting turbidity in tube III or NT had high saturation values as estimated by Equil‐AT. The turbidity test was also performed using freshly voided morning urine samples from the same patients. The results agreed with those obtained using the same test on aliquots of 24‐hour collections, although in 10.8% of patients the morning test indicated higher levels of saturation. It is concluded that the turbidity test is a rapid, inexpensive and accurate way of estimating urine saturation with CaOx in the

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to quantitate epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues, the binding of isotope‐labeled epidermal growth factor (125I‐EGF) to pooled membrane samples from human RCC was studied. Specific EGF binding to membranes at 4C reached a plateau after 2 h of incubation and remained constant up to 8 h; specific binding at 25C reached a plateau after 30 min of incubation, then decreased gradually.125I‐EGF binding to the membrane was displaced by both EGF and transforming growth factor‐aL, but not by insulin and basic fibroblast growth factor. Scatchard analysis of the specific EGF binding generated a straight line, indicating a single class of binding sites for EGF, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 21.1 times1010M and a maximum number of binding sites of 57.2fmol/mg membrane protein. When the protein concentration in the incubation medium was adjusted from 0.71mg/ml to 2.84 mg/ml, Scatchard analysis revealed identical Kd values, and the maximum number of binding sites was proportional to the protein concentration. These results demonstrate the presence of EGFR on RCC membranes and indicate that these receptors can be studied quantit

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We measurednm23‐H1andnm23‐H2mRNA levels in tissues from 22 human bladder cancers and 16 renal cell carcinomas, and in 7 bladder cancer and 6 renal cancer cell lines by Northern blot and slot blot hybridization analyses. Differences in mRNA levels were evaluated in primary tumor tissues and in paired normal tissues and cell lines. Moreover,nrh23gene expression in primary tumor tissues was compared with clinicopathological features. Highnm23‐H1andnm23‐H2expression was observed in cancerous areas of human bladder tissue (nm23‐H1: p = 0.001,nm23‐H2: p = 0.001) and bladder cancer cell lines (nm23‐H1:p = 0.001,nm23‐H2:p<0.001) compared with that in normal bladder mucosa. However, mRNA levels of bothnm23genes were not associated with histological grade, pathological stage, tumor metastasis or prognosis. On the other hand, in human renal cell carcinomas, levels of bothnm23mRNAs in tumor tissues were similar to those in paired normal kidneys, but elevated in cultured cell lines (nm23‐H1:p= 0.002,nm23‐H2:p = 0.014). Moreover, there was a tendency towards highnm23gene expression in grade 2 tumors compared with grade 1 (grade 1 vs grade 2,nm23‐H1:p = 0.107,nm23‐H2:p = 0.008; no grade 3 tumors in this study) and in high stage renal cancers (stage II vs stage III,nm23‐H1:p = 0.023,nm23‐H2:p = 0.005). From these results, we suggest that reducednm23mRNA levels are not associated with metastasis of either bladder or renal cancers and there may be some tissue‐specific differences in the expression patterns ofnm23

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to investigate urinary bacteriology in relation to calculus formation in continent urinary reservoirs, a retrospective study was conducted of 19 patients with the Kock pouch and 23 patients with the Indiana pouch. Analysis of a total of 151 urine‐cultures showed that asymptomatic bacteria (any bacterial count) were present in 92% of urines from the Kock pouch and 74% from the Indiana pouch. The incidence of organisms and total bacterial counts were similar for both pouches. The most prevalent organisms wereEscherichia coli, Pseudomonassp.,Klebsiellasp.,Proteussp.,Enterobactersp., andEnterococcussp. Urinary calculi developed in 42% of the Kock pouch patients and 13% of the Indiana pouch patients. More than half of the patients had multiple stone recurrence. Infectious stones developed in 32% of the Kock pouch patients, usually on the foreign materials, and 9% of the Indiana pouch patients. In general, no clear relationship was established between urinary bacteriology and calculus formation althoughProteussp. orProvidenciasp. was determined to be the causative organism in some infectious stones. Furthermore, metabolic stones developed in 32% of the Kock pouch patients and 9% of the Indiana pouch patients. Because calcium phosphate was a constituent of 80% of the metabolic stones, the presence of urinary factors promoting calculus formation was suspecte

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00059.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty patients (1 male and 19 females) with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type were studied using cystometry in combination with sphincter electromyography, brain computed tomography (CT) and evaluating the activities of daily life (ADL), with special reference to urinary incontinence. Seven of the patients were continent and the remainder were incontinent. Cystometry revealed uninhibited detrusor contraction in 8 out of the 13 incontinent patients, while no uninhibited contraction was found in 7 continent patients. There was a significant correlation between uninhibited detrusor contraction and urinary incontinence (p 0.05). Brain CT showed that the degree of brain atrophy was more severe in those with uninhibited contraction than those without (p 0.05). There was no clear relationship between sphincter coordination and the occurrence of incontinence. The ADL score tended to be lower in incontinent patients, although no significant difference was apparent (0.05 p 0.1). Uninhibited detrusor contraction and poor ADL functioning caused by brain atrophy are thought to be major causes of urinary incontinence in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00060.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patients with superficial transitional cell cancer of the urinary bladder were entered into a randomized trial to compare the effects of immediate and short‐term postoperative instillation of peplomycin sulfate with simple irrigation. Although the recurrence‐free rate of the 46 peplomycin‐treated patients was lower, the difference was not significant. Repeated washing of the bladder at the end of transurethral resection might partly replace the role of cytotoxic th

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00061.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Metallothionein (MT) concentrations were measured in the seminal plasma of 4 fertile and 35 infertile mbn and in the hydrocele and spermatocele fluids. The relationship between MT content and sperm density, total number of sperm per ejaculate, sperm motility and abnormal form rates, leukocyte count and zinc levels in seminal plasma, as well as the relationship between MT and serum follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and prolactin were examined. MT was not detected in the hydrocele and spermatocele fluids. MT levels were related to zinc levels and to the leukocyte count in seminal plasma, but there was no correlation between MT and the other factors examined. This study supported previous findings that MT was secreted predominantly from the prostate and induced by inflammation of the prostate gland or seminal vesicles; the findings suggest that MT binds mainly to zinc and is one of the zinc‐binding proteins in seminal pla

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00062.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 64‐year‐old man with iliac bone metastasis from left renal cell carcinoma was treated by intraarterial infusion chemotherapy using vinblastine and epirubicine in combination with a biscoclaurine alkaloid, Cepharanthin. A good response was confirmed by computed tomography scan and the symptoms related to the metastatic lesion were much improved. Partial resection of the left iliac bone was performed when no viable cancer cells were found in the metastatic les

ISSN:0919-8172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00063.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY