摘要:

AbstractThe carrier conduction characteristics during erase and write in Si‐gate‐type MNOS memory devices with thin oxide (∼2 nm) have been investigated by comparison with the conventional Al‐gate type. As a result, it has been confirmed that as in Al‐gate type, the carrier injection between the substrate and the gate insulator is dominated by electron injection from the substrate into the gate insulator under positive gate bias, and by hole injection from the substrate into the gate insulator under negative gate bias. However, unlike in the conventional Al‐gate type, the carrier conduction mechanism in nitride for Si‐gate MNOS memory is determined by different mechanisms under positive and negative gate biases, attributed mainly to the difference in carrier injection from the g

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701001

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper proposes a two‐dimensional photosensor composed of an a‐Si pin junction. The photosensor is constructed on the glass substrate. The pixel of the sensor is of a simple structure composed of two photodiodes connected in opposite directions between the vertical and the horizontal signal lines. The photodiode constructed by a‐Si pin junction has the function of the blocking diode, preventing the crosstalk in reading out the signal, in addition to the photoelectric conversion. The sensor is of the sandwich type composed of an a‐Si pin junction, and achieves the store‐and‐read operation with a high speed. A large reset noise is superposed on the input signal in the proposed sensor, but is eliminated by the differential amplifier with the double reading drive, leaving only the light signal. A two‐dimensional 5 × 5 photosensor was constructed experimentally, and the basic operation was verified. The photoelectric conversion characteristics are that the output signal is proportional to the input light with the sensitivity of 50 mV/lux·S a

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701002

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAerial cable lines running in forests are often damaged by animals. This paper introduces an animal‐resistant cable design by analyses of the fracture of metals when a shearing force is applied. As a result of the analyses, it is understood that when shearing forces are applied repeatedly to a metal plate without strain relaxation (similar to the case in which animals attack the cables), the metal does not fracture as long as the shearing energy is below a critical energy. This critical energy can be estimated from tensile strain at the yield point and the tensile stress at the fracture point. Therefore, it is possible to realize an animal‐resistant metal sheath by making the critical energy higher than the shearing energy which an animal can apply on one impact. It was found that the animal‐resistant cable designed and fabricated by this method could withstand animal at

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701003

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the changes in the photoconductive characteristics under elevated environmental conditions and presents a stabilizing method of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) thin films. a‐Si:H is decomposed from silane in a PCVD (Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition) apparatus. The results of high‐temperature and high‐humidity storage tests reveal that the photocurrent increased by about two orders of magnitude over the initial value, followed subsequently by a gradual decrease. The data analyzed through ESR, SIMS and IR absorption spectroscopy confirmed that these photocurrent changes are closely related to the reduction of dangling bonds, exodiffusion of hydrogen and gas adsorption, such as H2O molecules, onto the film surface. The characteristics were stabilized through coating the film surface with a silicon nitride film deposited at room temperature by ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) pla

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701004

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe tactile sensors used for robotics and electrical artificial hands are designed to provide force information. They are required to have the capability of not only detecting pressure distribution with high sensitivity, but also to carry strength and provide flexibility in grasping objects. This paper proposes a two‐dimensional tactile sensor based on the pressure‐optical transmission conversion system and the principle of computer tomography. The sensor consists of a three‐layered silicon rubber sheet and an array of opto‐electrical elements embedded in the edge of the sheet. The pressure distribution is detected as an optical transmission pattern. The transmission pattern is reconstructed to a two‐dimensional distribution using the algorithm of the computer tomography (CT) pattern reconstruction. The merits of this method are: 1) the sensor is flexible and suitable for grasping objects; 2) the number of components and signal lines is small; 3) the sensor can withstand excessive force; and 4) the sensor can be attached to a curved surface. In this experiment, using thirty‐two pairs of circular sensor arrays, the pressure distribution of 200 sites with 2.5 mm resolution was obtained. This paper describes the design, the mechanism of transduction, and the performance of the tac

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701005

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor speed‐up technologies for bipolar RAMs, an on‐chip address latch function, a new sense circuit using a dummy cell, a Darlington wordline driver, etc., have been reported. However, their effects still have not been clarified. According to the quantitative evaluation of the forementioned circuit technologies, with respect to the speed‐improvement and stable operation of memory cells in this paper, the speed can be improved by 30 percent and no instability of data retention occurs in memory cells even using the Darlington wordline driver. The 4‐Kbit RAM has been fabricated with the forementioned circuit technologies and the 1.5‐μm U‐groove isolation process. The high speed of the mentioned circuits and the stable operation of memory cells have been confirmed by evaluation using the EB tester. The performances obtained are access time of 3.5 ns (by using an on‐chip address latch function, it can be improved to 2.5 ns from the viewpoint of the system) chip area of 12.7 mm2, and power diss

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701006

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLogic circuits for VLSI have become more and more attractive. This paper presents a new placement method reflecting such logic circuit structural features as signal flow direction and logically repeated structure in the chip layout. The placement steps are as follows. The logic synthesis system synthesizes multilevel Boolean expressions for the function block from their high‐level functional specifications and outputs a relative layout for these Boolean expressions. The Boolean expressions are then mapped into physical gates. Finally, the layout system determines the position of physical gates using the relative layout and the mapping informatio

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701007

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes lightning‐surge characteristics induced in different terminations of subscriber paired cable due to the same lightning discharge and its measurement method using optical fibers. Lightning‐surge‐inducing mechanisms in telecommunication lines have been developed from lightning‐surge data and calculated lightning‐surge values. From the results of study, it has been clarified that: (1) lightning surges in the telecommunication line are induced mainly from the horizontal component of electromagnetic fields based on the lightning discharge; (2) lightning‐surge voltage in underground cable is almost the same value as the surge in aerial cable; and (3) lightning‐surge voltage is reduced by the metalsheath shielding effect based on the metal she

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701008

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper evaluates the field distribution and the propagation constant of the LP11mode propagated in circularly bent step‐index optical fibers by considering these quantities as perturbations from those in the straight fiber. By using these results, the field distributions and the curves of solutions of the eigenvalue equations for the bent fiber are studied in detail based on numerical and physical considerations. On the basis of this study, a reasonable method is proposed for defining the effective cutoff frequency of the LP11mode in a circularly bent section of a step‐index fiber. Also, an easier method of obtaining the approximate value of this effective cutoff frequency is presented. It is confirmed that the effective cutoff frequencies calculated according to the definition proposed herein become very close to those effective cutoff frequencies used until now, i.e., those values based on the difference between the measured losses of the LP11mode and the LP01m

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701009

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe dependence of amounts of absorbed hydrogen upon compositions of TixFe100‐xthin film is studied. The bonding states of these hydrogenated metal films also are investigated.The films of various compositions were prepared by a sputtering method using face‐to‐face targets. Compositions and structures of the films were measured by XPS, x‐ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy methods.After introduction of hydrogen into these films under the pressure 1 kg/cm2, the maximum amount of hydrogen was absorbed in Ti89Fe11film. XPS measurements indicated that 2pspectra of Fe and Ti shifted to the lower energy side, and the maximum shift was observed in Ti45Fe55film. These results suggested that stable TiFe hydride was not formed in the film which absorbed the maximum amount of hydrogen, and large amounts of absorbed hydrogen were present as solid solution in

ISSN:8756-663X    

DOI:10.1002/ecjb.4420701010

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY