ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719418

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the effects of chronic phrenicotomy on spinal hemisection-induced morphological plasticity occurring in the phrenic nucleus. Young adult rats were divided into a hemisection-alone and two hemisection-plus-phrenicotomy (HPP) groups. HPP animals received a left phrenicotomy two or four weeks prior to sacrificing; whereas hemisection-alone animals did not. All animals received a left C2 spinal hemisection 24 hours prior to death. Quantitative morphometric analysis of the phrenic nucleus showed significant reductions in phrenic dendritic size and the number of dendrodendritic appositions in HPP (two week) animals and in the length of dendrodendritic appositions in HPP (four week) animals. Significant increases in microglial area fraction in HPP (two week) animals and in astroglia area fraction in HPP (four week) animals were also detected. The results suggest that the alterations in the spinal hemisection-induced dendrodendritic apposition formation is most likely influenced by the different stages of the glial reactions induced by the chronic phrenicotomy/spinal hemisection. (J Spinal Cord Med: 19:58–70)

ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719419

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

abstractThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of viral hepatitis B (HBV) seropositivity in an urban veteran population with spinal cord injury (SCI) and the relationship of liver function test (LFT) values to HBV seropositivity. Eighty patients with chronic SCI (44 inpatients and 36 outpatients) had liver function tests (LFTs), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBsAb) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBcAb) evaluated. Seventy-seven able-bodied (non-SCI) outpatients without known viral hepatitis risk factors served as an urban veteran reference group. Results demonstrated a high prevalence of seropositivity for HBV in both veteran groups (SCI = 29 percent; non-SCI = 22 percent). Subdividing the SCI group by inpatients and outpatients, HBV positivity was found to be significantly higher in the SCI inpatients than in either the SCI outpatient (39 percent vs 17 percent, x2= 4.67, p<0.05) or non-SCI groups (39 percent vs 22 percent, x2= 3.80, p=0.05). For the whole group, the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level was greater in the HBV seropositive (n=40) compared with the HBV seronegative (n=117) populations (82±17 vs 46±7 U/L, p=0.019, respectively). In addition, the subgroup of spinal cord patients seropositive for hepatitisB(n=23) had a higher mean GGT than their seronegative (n=57) counterparts (101±26 vs47±9 U/L, p=0.018, respectively). We conclude that urban veterans in general, and especially those inpatients with SCI, may be at increased risk of HBV infection. An HBV vaccination program for veteran patients with SCI may be warranted.(J Spinal Cord Med\19:71–77)

ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719420

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) requires substantial coping by the patient. The coping process reflects both physical adjustment to permanent biological changes and psychological acceptance of these changes and their limitations to function. A history of family alcoholism appears as one prominent factor in persons with SCI. This factor is associated with several personality characteristics that could directly influence adjustment to the injury. As an initial exploration of this premise, the present study examined the relationship between family history of alcoholism and coping processes in SCI patients. Ninety volunteer subjects were selected from inpatient and outpatient populations of a Veterans Affairs spinal cord injury service. Based on structured interviews and responses to a standardized questionnaire, one group of 45 subjects, designated Family History Positive (FHP), were from families in which the father and at least one other second generation relative were alcoholics. The 45 Family History Negative (FHN) subjects were from families with no alcoholism history. Once assigned to a group, subjects completed the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Compared to subjects with no family alcoholism history, FHP subjects reported significantly more use of constructive coping strategies as measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, but their alcohol use and anti-social behaviors indicated that they were less effective in actual coping behaviors. Persons with SCI and a family history of alcoholism reported utilization of coping methods that differ from those used by patients with SCI and no family alcoholism history. From the perspective of treatment and rehabilitation, this finding suggests the need to consider different therapeutic approaches for these groups.(J Spinal Cord Med;19:78–86)

ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719421

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719422

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719423

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1079-0268    

DOI:10.1080/10790268.1996.11719424

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor