ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00266.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fourteen adult patients (mean age 22.5 years, range 18–35) with cystic fibrosis undertook nocturnal nasogastric feeding for a mean period of 14.7 (range 6–18) months consuming an average of 1042 ml of a high energy feed on five nights of each week. Following this protocol all patients gained weight (mean weight gain 5.4 kg, range 2–17). For the group as a whole, lung function remained stable during the period of feeding; however a significant correlation between improvement in lung function and weight gain was demonstrated. Hyperglycaemia during feeding in this adult population was common (9/14, 64%) but was easily controlled with insulin th

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00267.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hundred and thirty‐five sheltered housing tenants (59 men and 176 women) were investigated by using the 24‐h dietary recall and checklist devised by the Nutrition Advisory Group on the Elderly (NAGE) to estimate their energy and nutrient intakes, and by measuring their body weight and demi‐span to calculate ratios of weight to demi‐span. Sixty seven per cent had energy intakes below the mean previously recorded in a national survey of old people living at home, but most had an adequate intake of protein, while, in 44%, the proportion of energy consumed as fat exceeded 35%. For most nutrients, few tenants had intakes below the lower recommended nutrient intake (LRNI). Exceptions were that there were 64% with pyridoxine intakes and 63% with vitamin D intakes below this level. Only 18% of men but 74% of women had weight to demi‐span ratios below the means recorded in elderly people living at home in another recent survey. There was no correlation between these anthropometric ratios and energ

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00268.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hundred and thirty‐five sheltered housing tenants (59 men and 176 women) were studied to investigate the relationship between age, sex, marital status, living arrangement, mobility, self care ability, mood, cognitive function and social engagement, and energy and nutrient intake and ratio of weight to demi‐span. Men had higher energy intakes than women and energy intake had an inverse relationship to age. There was a decline in the weight to demi‐span ratio with age which was statistically significant only in women. There was no relationship between physical, mental and social characteristics, and nutritional or anthropometric s

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00269.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A one‐year cross‐sectional survey of 4–40 month old Indo‐Asian children was carried out in Sheffield. The aim was to examine the dietary intakes and nutritional status of weanlings. Weighed inventories were facilitated by use of the PETRA scale (Cherlyn Electronics, Cambridge). Families were accessed via Child Health and GP clinics, targeted on the basis of information on age and ethnicity of Sheffield‐bom infants, derived from Central Clinic records. Studies were completed on 120 children (approximately a quarter of the target population). Diet histories were taken and food samples collected in order to validate the weighed intake method. Data collection and supervision of mothers was carried out by one Bengali and two Punjabi‐speaking fieldworkers, previously trained in nutrition and dietary assessment techniques. Although initial laboratory trials were successful, in field trials and in the main study, the scales proved to be less user friendly and more prone to damage than expected. Although our experience indicates that the PETRA scales do allow use of the weighed intake method for otherwise inaccessible, illiterate subjects, this is dependent on a high level of

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00270.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four lifestyle dimensions were described based on 20 dietary behaviours as well as information about smoking behaviour, alcohol consumption and physical activity levels, in a sample of about 8000 survey participants from a population‐representative sample in Wales in 1990. The first lifestyle dimension, mainly described by frequent intakes of chips, pies and processed meats, Med foods, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking, was associated with male gender, younger age and lack of University education. The second, mainly described by frequent intakes of green vegetables, fruit, fish, poultry and non‐smoking, was associated with older age, social group 1 and University education. The third, mainly described by frequent intake of pasta and rice and a high activity level, was associated with younger age, University education, and being born outside the UK. The final lifestyle dimension was mainly described by frequent intake of cakes, biscuits and sweets, non‐smoking, and low alcohol intake, but was only weakly associated with socio‐demographic factors. Local area differences in lifestyle patterns were also found. The benefits to health promotion of considering lifestyle as a pattern of inter‐related health behaviours, and addressing the underlying determinants of these behaviours at the personal, social and community levels, were reinforced by the findings of t

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00271.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nutritionists working in food manufacturing and retailing are potentially in a more powerful position than any other professional group to contribute towards achieving the national targets for nutrition and the reduction of nutrition‐related diseases, set out inThe Health of the Nation(DoH, 1992) and inScotland's Health, a Challenge to us All(Scottish Office, 1993). The present paper sets out the details of this argument. First, a review is given of the functions and types of activities carried out by nutritionists in industry. Then a number of key practical ways in which nutritionists, through their activities and functions, can help towards achieving national targets for nutrition and nutrition‐related diseases are described. Finally suggestions are made about the knowledge, skills and personal attributes needed by nutritionists who intend making successful careers in industry and who wish, at the same time, to contribute towards improving the health of the nat

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY