摘要:

Aim: To assess the prevalence of growth retardation and undernutrition in a homogenous group of 30 children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods:Standard anthropometric assessment and functional assessment of feeding ability.Results:Growth retardation was common and severe: mean length for age standard deviation score (SDS) was −2.1 (SD 1.0) and 60% of the sample were «stunted». Mean weight for height SDS was +0.2 (SD 0.9) and «wasting» was largely confined to those children identified as having feeding problems.Conclusion:Formal assessment of growth and nutritional status is indicated in children with cerebral palsy, even if health and feeding status would otherwise give little cause for co

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-277X.1996.00468.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Consensus infant feeding guidelines, which were developed by a multi‐disciplinary working group, were adopted by the Eastern Health and Social Services Board (EHSSB) N. Ireland, in 1991. Implementation of the guidelines was undertaken using a cascade approach. Implementation teams were established in each of the nine Units of Management. These teams were provided with training and extra resources to facilitate the implementation process. In 1991, prior to the implementation of the guidelines, a postal survey was undertaken to establish the knowledge of infant feeding and attitudes to breast‐feeding of health professionals working in the EHSSB area. Knowledge and attitude scales were developed for the questionnaire. The survey was repeated in 1993 to evaluate the impact and penetration of the guidelines. The penetration of the guidelines was good, 81% of respondents had read them. The knowledge of health professionals was significantly greater in 1993 than in 1991 (P<0.0001); reading the guidelines was an independent variable for knowledge score (eta2=0.20,P<0.0001). Health visitors exhibited the highest and general practitioners the lowest mean knowledge scores. Attitude scores in the 1993 survey were almost identical to those found in 1991; reading the guidelines was an independent variable for attitude score (P<0.0001), however the size of the effect was small (eta2=0.

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-277X.1996.00481.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to assess the dietary patterns of a sample of 479 young people aged 13–14 years living in an inner city location in London. The results revealed that although a good level of basic nutritional knowledge was displayed by most of the sample, their attitudes towards food and health were mixed and their involvement in domestic food chores was very limited. Sixty per cent reported consuming three or more snacks on the previous day, and over 33% regularly ate fast foods or take‐aways at school lunch times. Analysis of food frequency data revealed that males were more likely to consume a less healthy diet than females, as were individuals from manual households compared to those living in non‐manual households. A high proportion of the sample reported changing elements of their diets, with 36.4% claiming to have reduced their fat intakes and 33.5% reducing their sugar intakes within the previous 6 months. The main reason for changing their fat or sugar intakes was a desire to improve appearance, with direct health considerations being less important. A range of social and structural factors were identified as having an influence on young people's ability to make future changes. The implications of these findings for health promotion interventions are disc

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-277X.1996.00480.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dietary habits and food intake of the six basic food groups (milk, meats, cereals, fruits, vegetables and fats) were investigated in a random sample of 206 adolescents (aged 10–15 years) from a region of south‐east Spain (Murcia). Adolescents were interviewed on their recall of food intake over the previous 24 h. The results showed a very low consumption of vegetables, some deficiencies in the intake of the milk and fruits, and an excessive intake of fats. Intake of foods belonging to the cereal and meat groups was adequate, agreeing with the recommendations for the adolescent population. Within the meat group, the distribution of foods consumed was not satisfactory; an excessive consumption of meats and sausages was observed, while the intake of fish and pulses was insufficient. In our study, nutritional advice was given to mothers and adolescents. The use of Spanish portions from the six basic food groups proved to be a very helpful method to popularize the principles of balanced diet in our population. Our results seem to indicate some nutritional imbalances in the diets of the adolescents in the study, especially deficits in fibre and calcium and an excess in saturated fats. The study reveals that although Murcia is a typically Mediterranean Region, the characteristics of the diet of Murcian adolescents are quite different in some respects from the typical alimentary habits of the Mediterranean d

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-277X.1996.00479.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The perceived prevalence of food allergy among parents of pre‐school children in Ireland is unknown. An interview‐assisted questionnaire was used to interview the parents of 600 children, aged 0–4 years, about food allergy. Twelve and a half per cent of the children were perceived by their parents to be food allergic. However, no instance of food allergy in children aged under 6 months was reported. Hyperactivity was the most common symptom noted, with sweets, sugary drinks and food colours being the most frequently implicated foods. Rash, the second most common symptom cited was largely associated with dairy products and eggs. Neither parental age, education, socio‐economic groups or infant feeding practices affected perception of food allergy. Food allergy was diagnosed primarily by the parents themselves using simple food av

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-277X.1996.t01-1-00441.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As cystic fibrosis (CF) is diagnosed in childhood, it is important that patients are educated from an early age on the importance of their diet and on the application of enzymes. The Royal Victoria Infirmary Trust employs a paediatric dietitian to provide dietetic advice to patients with CF and their families. The aim of this study was to investigate basic nutritional knowledge and enzyme usage of a small group of children aged 10–16 years with CF, who regularly attend the Regional Cystic Fibrosis Clinic at the Royal Victoria Infirmary as outpatients. The results from two questionnaires demonstrated that a reasonable background of knowledge existed across the sample. However, there were many examples where basic questions were unanswered, and perhaps more importantly, there was a lot of confusion about enzyme application. Whether this lack of knowledge directly contributes towards adverse levels of health in individual patients was outside the scope of this study. It is intended that future work in this area will examine the hypothesis that lack of nutritional knowledge is a contributory factor to poor patient healt

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-277X.1996.00482.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY