ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dietary data from a representative sample of 1396 adults (603 males, 793 females) aged 18 years and over in the inner London district of Bloomsbury and Islington were analysed using five sets of questions from the 1990 Bloomsbury and Islington Health and Lifestyle Survey. Six qualitative dietary indicators were developed from two sets of food frequency questions to give score ratings for intakes of saturated fat, positive healthy choices for fat, high fibre starchy foods, fruit and vegetables, sugar, and an index of healthy dietary practice. These indicators along with the data from the remaining three sets of questions were analysed to examine the dietary beliefs, attitudes and practices of different age and sex groups in the study population.About one‐third of men and a fifth of women over 18 years old had poor dietary practice, while a fifth of men and two‐fifths of women had good dietary practice. Younger (age 18–29) and older (age 60 +) groups had poorer dietary practice than adults of middle age. The younger adults with poor dietary practice were more likely to want to change to a healthy diet than older people, whereas a higher proportion of older adults (men aged over 45, women over 60) than younger adults showed a low level of awareness of what a healthy diet comprises.For health promotion intervention, all men, especially those aged 18–29 and over 45 years and women aged 18–29 and over 60 years need to be targeted for some change in dietary practice. These groups and middle aged (30–44 years) men in particular may benefit from a change of belief or attitude towards diet.Limitations of the survey questionnaire, and thus the dietary indicators used for analysis are discussed, and suggestions for planning future survey work of this ki

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This epidemiological study compared consumers and non‐consumers of several ‘low‐fat’ foods typical of the French diet: skimmed milk, ‘low‐fat’ butter, ‘low‐fat’ cheese, ‘low‐fat’ yogurt. The population was selected at random from the Val de Marne, a district close to Paris. A sample of 741 people, aged 18–65 years (416 women, 325 men) agreed to report habitual intake according to the Dietary History Method. Many anthropometric differences appeared between female consumers and non‐consumers of ‘low‐fat’ foods. Consumers were slightly older and heavier as measured by the Body Mass Index (weight/height2) and had greater waist, hip and thigh circumference values. Women consumers ate less in terms of daily energy and various food choices: potatoes, pasta, rice, sugar. Intake differences were most apparent in the groups of younger women (18–29 years). The vitamin and mineral density of the diet was greater in women consumers. Male consumers of ‘low‐fat’ foods ingested less alcohol regardless of age, but they ate more chocolate, jam and honey. The vitamin and mineral density of their diet was also greater. The majority of men ate enough to meet recommended nutrient allowances. This was often not the case in women, and improving the nutritional density o

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and twenty subjects were asked to state the frequency with which they consumed 44 foods and drinks on three separate occasions; before marriage, after five months of marriage, and again after two and a half years of marriage. A method was devised to assess change in eating patterns, based on convergence or divergence of reported frequency of consumption of these 44 food items. Eating habits became more similar with marriage, although initial convergence tended to relax with time. Husbands were more likely to make convergent changes than wives as marriage lengthened, presumably because wives made more decisions about food purchasing. There was no consistent pattern to which foods wives and husbands made convergent changes. However, wives as a group tended to consume more of their preferred foods than their husbands did; and husbands as a group tended to eat their preferred foods more frequently. Nutrition education for this relatively neglected group should be directed predominantly towards wives.

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

First year students from six consecutive years (1986–1991) completed one week weighed dietary surveys. From these data, dietary intakes of a variety of nutrients were determined. Data were compared with literature values for other young adults; with recommended daily amounts (RDA) in place at the time, and where appropriate with more recent dietary reference values (DRV).Results show that nutrient intakes, including alcohol intakes, of students were generally similar to those of other young adults, and close to RDAs. Female students tended to eat a smaller proportion of their energy as fat, and their total energy intake showed a consistent decrease across the years studied. This could reflect the ever increasing emphasis on a slim female shape, and is notable as these females did not consider themselves to be on weight‐reducing diets. Intakes of minor nutrients showed few differences compared with other young adults, although a large variation in intakes was noted. On average, most vitamin intakes were above the RDA, but vitamin A intake amongst females was declining, and in latter years was below the RDA. Female intakes of riboflavin also tended to be low. Contrary to suggestions of low calcium intakes amongst adolescents, students were consuming more than the RDA, and more calcium than other young adults. A large proportion of the females, in all years, were not reaching the RDA for iron, suggesting the possibility of iron‐deficiency anaemia if intakes remai

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The recent documentDietitians in the Community: Opportunities for the Future(BDA, 1993) highlighted the importance of strengthening the evaluation and research base of the practice of dietitians working in the community.Members of the Community Nutrition Group of the BDA were surveyed by postal questionnaire in March 1992 to gather information to facilitate implementation of the report's recommendations. Thirty‐six per cent of the members (n = 125) responded. Over half (56%) reported recent involvement in a research project and 97% expressed a need for better training and support in one or more aspects of the research process. Information was also gathered about the types of projects undertaken, preferred forms of support, previous training, evaluation and research, collaborative links and perceptions of the role of the BDA Research Committee and Metabolic Research Groups. This information is presented and discussed.In conclusion, relatively few community dietitians are actively involved in evaluation and research. Various modes of support are necessary to increase the number of dietitians engaged in this area, if the stated commitment of professional managers and the British Dietetic Association is to be fulfille

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-3871    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-277X.1994.tb00280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY