摘要:

The shape of the geoid in North America and Fennoscandia shows a remarkable correlation with the extent of Pleistocene glaciation in these areas.

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00085

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Evaporation from a water surface may be reduced by the application of a monomolecular film. Because of possible seasonal variations in evaporation‐pan coefficients, computed savings in evaporation may be unreliable if based upon evaporation‐pan records. A more reliable measure of the evaporation reduction is obtained by the solution of equations based upon energy budget and heat and mass transfer theory. The rise in water‐surface temperature caused by application of the film can be com

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00089

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The contribution from the branch line integral in Pekeris' formulation of the propagation of explosive sound in a two‐layer liquid medium is investigated. It is shown that there is no net contribution to the solution in terms of pressure amplitude measured in the upper layer, which decays less rapidly thanr−2. The horizontal range, designated byr, is large compared with the depth of the layer. This result is applicable to early arrival pressure signals and is in agreement with recently published model experime

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00095

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fluid flow in porous media, such as sands, sandstones, and carbonate rock, can be analyzed by experiment (Darcy's law) and by the Kozeny‐Carman theory. The latter is based on the supposition that somehow the conductivity (permeability) of porous rocks is related to pore shapes and tortuosities, to the porosity, and to the boundary surface area against which the flowing viscous fluid is dragging. To test these ideas, a model of porous rock is selected which may be described as a random packing of spheres of various sizes. The porosity and surface‐area terms are then calculated from geometric considerations. Then the character of the model is modified by assuming that a portion of the pore space is occupied by an immobile wetting phase located as pendular rings at each intersphere contact. The effective porosity and surface‐area terms are calculated for this new condition, so that the effect of the pendular ring material on permeability can be computed, and so that a check of the Kozeny‐Carman theory can be obtained.The foregoing procedure is an indirect method which avoids the complication of explicitly evaluating pore shape and tortuosity parameters. It is shown that permeability appears to increase as pendular ring material is added to the packing, to an extent not inconsistent with expec

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00103

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In unit hydrograph correlations the number of degrees of freedom which it is useful to maintain in the form of the instantaneous unit hydrograph is shown to be limited by the number of significant independent correlations with the catchment characteristics. The moments of the instantaneous unit hydrograph are suggested as a series of parameters of the response, for which correlations should be sought. A simple method of obtaining these moments is evolved, and a method of choosing, in any given case, between several two‐parameter forms is demonstrate

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00111

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The remarkable correlation between the locations of ocean trenches, eugeosynclines, gravity anomalies, volcanic islands, and earthquake foci suggests a common origin. These phenomena are frequently interpreted as being due to compressive failure of the outermost crust of the earth.Yoder's[1952] hypothesis has been extended to include remelting upon release of pressure during compressive failure rather than tensile failure. The range of mean pressure, and the corresponding melting ranges for likely constituents of the crust and mantle, have been estimated. This hypothesis of magma generation is quantitatively feasible, but the data, especially the actual temperature distribution, are at present inadequately known.

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00117

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A portable calorimeter that measures heat output from the steaming ground found in areas of natural thermal activity is described. With a minimum of disturbance to the site, heat flow is measured in a range from 10 to 70×10−3cal/cm2sec with an accuracy better than 10 per cent. Below this range, the accuracy decreases. The relationship of heat output to the soil temperatures measured at a depth of 35 cm is shown for measurements at 27 different sit

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00123

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Natural carbon dioxide gas issues from vents and springs in sedimentary rocks. Exploratory wells drilled for oil have produced large volumes of carbon dioxide in subsurface. Where these gases are found in quantity, limestones and igneous rocks are in close association and the origin of the gases is thus suggested. Until the advent of the mass spectrometer there was no means to investigate this problem. Gas samples were taken from representative areas and the analyses showed that the gases were derived from limestone. The isotopic ratios did not give evidence of fractionation.

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00127

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0148-0227    

DOI:10.1029/JZ064i001p00132

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY