摘要:

AbstractIn 1996, the International Standards Organization (ISO) completed work on an environmental management system (EMS) standard: ISO 14001. The standard involves only five required elements, spans less than five pages, and upon initial review, appears relatively uncomplicated. As well, many of the ISO 14001 requirements may already be present in an organization's existing EMS. Nevertheless, the new standard presents a number of challenges to industry implementation. Whether an organization aims to start from scratch in developing an EMS under ISO 14001 or modify its existing EMS to meet the ISO challenge, implementation requires careful planning and analysis.This article provides a summary of the planning required to implement ISO 14001 at the facility level, including the initial planning effort and the identification of significant environmental impacts, objectives, and targets. The aim will be to eliminate some of the “hype” associated with ISO and provide some practical “how to” guidance for implementing the standard. The discussion begins with an overview of the initial planning effort and then turns to key planning requi

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn environmental management system (EMS) approach can improve overall corporate performance and demonstrate this improvement to top management in “dollars and cents” language. This article illustrates the importance of a financial management approach to justify investments in environmental, health, and safety (EH&S) excellence. It also describes in detail the elements of the EH&S management assessment and improvement proc

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe field of environmental risk management is relatively new and has developed rapidly over the past several years. There has been, however, a significant lack of integration of seemingly dissimilar disciplines into a meaningful context for top management risk decisions—until now. A new holistic approach, centered on the ISO 14001 standard for environmental management systems, addresses many of the issues that have kept environmental risk management focused on technical rather than strategic issues.This article describes the risk management process, illustrates how the ISO 14001 standard can be used by organizations to integrate and assess technical environmental information, and shows how to place this information in a strategic risk management context. It also explains how key ISO 14001 concepts such as policy implementation, operational control, and continuous improvement form the basis of a systems approach, and why the systems approach is the preferred, cost‐effective structure for controlling environmental r

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is some concern in the environmental quality management (EQM) community that small and mid‐sized companies do not have the technical, economic, and personnel resources or expertise to carry out significant programs of pollution prevention or waste reduction in the way that large corporations do. Thus, a very significant proportion of the economy may not be contributing to or benefiting from EQM approaches. This article begins to clarify what small and mid‐sized companies that are committed to EQM can actually do and how this compares with the efforts of larger plants or plants operated as part of large multiplant corporati

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractConventional wisdom has advocated environmental auditing as a prudent part of an internal control program and one of the key tools in driving proactive efforts. As a part of risk management activities, it is often employed to protect an organization and its employees and officers from liability. Conscientious use of such audits has undoubtedly protected human health and the environment. Ironically, those who make the most consistent efforts to audit compliance and management systems, according to advocates of audit protection, may be the most vulnerable to enforcement actions and lawsuits. In this, the second part of a two‐part article, we turn our attention to the likely solutions for audit protection in the current contex

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article details new research showing that the majority of U.S. consumers have strong inclinations to buy earth‐sustainable food products. Contrary to prevailing beliefs in the industry, the market potential for these products is enormous—52 percent of consumers are willing to buy “green,” and nearly one‐third (30 percent) can actually be considered as the core market for earth‐sustainable food products. Yet these products currently represent only 2 percent of all food sales. This immense gap can be eliminated by turning our focus from supply (an endless stream of new product introductions) to demand (the needs of the consumer). Doing so requires a clear understanding of the consumer and the dispelling of several myths that pervade the marketplace today.Information in this article was taken from Phase 1 of The Hartman Report—Food and the Environment: A Consumer's Perspective, which examines the consumer segments in much more detail with regard to attitudinal, demographic, and psychographic profiles. The report was commissioned, in part, by The Kellogg Foundation, The Food Alliance, and Cascadian Farm. Phase II of the research more closely examines those segments that represent the key target markets for these products, including information on the effects of advertising, public relations, and labels in communicating environmentally sustainable product messages. Phase III will develop specific retail tactics that can be effective in delivering products and services to the most important segments. For information on obtaining a copy of the report, contact The Hartman Group at

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines what tools can be used to analyze and improve the environmental performance of a product. It discusses how companies can upgrade the environmental performance of products in a cost‐effective way and enhance their competitive position in the market through product innovation. Based on current examples, it is concluded that a complete toolbox is available to assist companies in developing more eco‐efficient products. Which combination of practices can best be applied depends on various factors, particularly the type of external demand(s) the company is facing, its available resources, its time horizon, and its environmental strategy. Experience shows that it is better for companies to be ahead of external criticism and act more proactively. This article shows how companies can follow four main strategies in which eco‐efficient product development goes hand in hand with a better competitive position in the market: (1) an efficiency improvement strategy; (2) a market share improvement strategy; (3) a market development strategy; and (4) a product diversification strategy. Finally, the importance of product innovation is stressed in order to implement the eco‐efficiency strategies mentione

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCompanies have achieved competitive advantage by expanding the boundaries of their concern beyond the product life‐cycle stage that they directly control. By using product stewardship and life‐cycle information, coupled with business analysis, companies can successfully outperform their competitors by improving their product or product system by reducing costs, increasing revenue, reducing liabilities, and enhancing their image. Life‐cycle information and its use within a product stewardship management framework goes beyond traditional life‐cycle applications. Used wisely, it can help companies establish a sustainable framework for long‐ter

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo worlds are colliding as many companies are integrating environmental management with business management. Nowhere is this more evident than in the hundreds of companies that are now working to upgrade their environmental management information systems (EMIS), which are a critical component of business integration. Building a business case for EMIS requires crossing many disciplinary boundaries—knowing the language of information systems, accounting, business management, and environmental management. Hence, it is a very valuable skill for environmental managers to develop in order to build their function and their own careers. Some environmental and information systems professionals are attempting to develop a general set of guidelines for justifying the cost of EMIS—in particular, the useful emerging work of the Environmental Health and Safety Software Development Group. This article relates the experience of an EMIS development effort at Rhone‐Poulenc

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1088-1913    

DOI:10.1002/tqem.3310060211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY