摘要:

SUMMARYH‐2 typing of two inbred mouse strains, GRS I/A and LIS/A, revealed that they both carry the same, previously unknown haplotype, designated H‐2dx. The H‐2dxhaplotype has the K region allele identical or very similar to that of H‐2d, however it differs from H‐2dat the I region genes and has none of the D region alleles previously described in inbred mouse strains.When the H‐2dxhaplotype was used in F1 complementation tests, it failed to prevent rejection of B10.D2 skin grafts by (GR × B10.A)F1 and (LI × B10.A)F1 recipients, as well as rejection of R103 grafts by (GR × 2R)F1, (LI × 2R)F1, (GR × B10)F1, and (LI × B10)F1 recipients. In all these combinations, the donor and the recipients were matched at the K and D regions, but differed at the I region. The mean rejection time was 12 days (beginning) and 15.9 days (end of rejection).The second set skin grafts were rejected at approximately the same speed as the first set skin grafts, and after their rejection a cytotoxic antibody, most likely anti‐Ia, was found in the serum of the recipient mice. The absence of accelerated second set skin graft rejection in the I region incompatibility observed in these experiments is in sharp contrast to the extremely fast rejection of K or D region incompatible second set skin grafts. This lack of demonstrable anamnestic response is either due to the presence of enhancing antibodies, or to an inherently inferior capacity of I region incompatibility to elicit,in vivo, an effective

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSurface determinants on activated mouse T lymphocytes were investigated in a new radioassay. Activated cells were selectively labelled with14C‐thymidine and then treated with specific antibody and complement followed by trypsinization to disrupt the membranes and release radiolabelled DNA from specifically lysed cells (14C‐thymidine release assay).T lymphocytes were activatedin vitro(MLC and PHA) orin vivo(skin sensitization with oxazolone) and characterized by their sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of anti‐θ serum. These cells were resistant to the cytotoxic effect of R anti‐MIg, a purified polyvalent anti‐mouse immunoglobulin serum, but were lysed by treatment with R anti‐MBLA, a rabbit anti‐mouse B lymphocyte serum. This cytotoxic activity could be absorbed with spleen cells from nude (nu/nu) mice but not with thymocytes. Furthermore, pretreatment of lymph node cells with R anti‐MBLA and complement before stimulation with PHA led to an increased PHA response, indicating that the serum reacted with normal B but not T lymphocytes. When these activated purified T lymphocytes were treated with R anti‐MBLA, as much14C‐thymidine was released from these cells as from unpurified control cells (>70%). The percentage of14C‐thymidine released from activated T cells by treatment with either anti‐θ serum or R anti‐MBLA was surprisingly similar and no significant additive effect was observed when the cells were treated with both antisera together. LPS activated B lymphocytes showed a different reactivity pattern with the antisera: they were lysed by R anti‐MBLA but not by anti‐θ serum while R anti‐MIg had an intermediate cytotoxic effect.An interpretation of these findings is offered which suggests that transformation of T lymphocytes is accompanied by derepression of certain genetic information and by the expression of new surface determinants, some of which may be identical with determinants which are otherwise expr

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe tetraparental model was used to investigate the mechanism of induction and maintenance of tolerance. Of eight C57BL?BALB/c, potential tetraparental mice, six were found to be chimaeric by coat colour and by one or more of the following parameters: g.p.i., γ2a allotype testing, lymphocytotoxicity testing and germ line. None of the mice were chimaeric by all of these tests but showed instead a variable spectrum of chimaerism. Tolerance was investigated by bothin vivoandin vitrotesting. When the mice were chimaeric by at least two criteria, they were unresponsive to skin allografting (five out of six mice) and their spleen cells were non‐reactive against BALB/c × C57BL F1 s in the popliteal node GVH, test. In contrast, the MLRs were generally positive and could not be blocked by chimaera serum or suppressed by chimaera thymus suspensions. Thus while we cannot formally exclude a suppressive mechanism, our results are best explained by the classical theory of clonal elimination provided one accepts that clonal reactivity and elimination is heterogeneous. The very establishment of a successful chimaera may be dependent upon the elimination of clones causing lethal GVHR while those responsible for an MLR or other non‐lethal parameters of chimaerism is ret

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe histocompatibility effect of M‐locus was tested by tooth germ grafts transplanted from newborn F1 hybrid (BALB/c x DBA/2) female mice to adult back‐cross BALB/c x (BALB/c x DBA/2) F1 female mice, typed for M‐locus.The number of surviving grafts was significantly higher in M‐locus compatible than M‐locus incompatible recipients and the allograft reaction was significantly more pronounced in M‐locus incompatible

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00545.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe CBA/H mouse lymphocytes which divide when cultured together with allogeneic blood in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) have been shown to be mainly of thymic origin with the aid of thymus grafted radiation chimaeras. By adaptation of a system used previously to quantity mitogen responsive cells, the relative number of cells in CBA/H mouse blood capable of responding in the MLR, and the effects of preimmunizing CBA/H mice with allogeneic cells have been quantified. In mixed lymphocyte reactions between parental and allogeneic F1 hybrid cells, substantial numbers of the latter cell type have been found in division. Attempts to elucidate the nature of these reacting F1 cells indicate that they are probably mainly of bone marrow origin and that they are responding in a non‐specific manne

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe ability of mouse alloantibody to inhibit EA rosette formation and antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was used to study the expression of H‐2K, Ia and H‐2D antigens in various tissues. As previously reported antisera against each of these groups of antigens inhibited B lymphocyte EA rosette formation. Continuing studies confirmed these observations but established that quantitative differences may exist in the ease with which antibody against antigens in each region can inhibit EA rosettes: anti H‐2D and anti‐Ia seemed stronger relative to their cytotoxic titres than anti H‐2K. Possible reasons for this are discussed. When rosette forming cells from other tissues were studied, (bone marrow cells, peritoneal macrophages and tumour cells), they were inhibited by anti H‐2K and anti H‐2D sera but not by anti Ia sera, presumably reflecting the restricted distribution of Ia antigens in those tissues.Inhibition of ADCC by various antisera reflected qualitatively and quantitatively the expression of H‐2 antigens in various tissues: whereas effector cell activity in spleen, bone marrow, or peritoneal cell populations was inhibited by anti H‐2 or anti‐Ia sera, the amount of inhibition observed with anti‐Ia was much less when the tissue expressed little Ia antigen (bone marrow) than when it expressed abundant Ia antigen (spleen). The ability of cytotoxicity inhibition to detect antibody coated cells was used to assess the relative amount of Ia antigen on thymus and on lymph node cells, showing significant amounts of Ia antigen on thymus cells. Fc receptor inhibition studies may thus be useful as new approaches to the study of the expression of the antigens of the major h

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYMonolayers of mouse peritoneal macrophages actively incorporated14C‐labelled uridine, an RNA precursor. This uptake did not seem to be due toin vitroactivation or stimulation of the cells but rather to their high RNA metabolic activity.14C‐uridine uptake by the unstimulated adherent cells was a characteristic property of macrophages, because it was not reduced when the cells were (i) pretreated with trypsin (to detach remaining lymphocytes), (ii) precultured for several days (to allow PMN to die off) and (iii) pretreated with anti‐mouse immunoglobulin or anti‐θ serum plus complement.Pretreatment of macrophage monolayers with antibody plus complement, followed by a measurement of their14C‐uridine uptake could be used to test for anti‐macrophage activity, for instance in certain anti‐B cell or anti‐T cell sera, or to detect cell surface antigens on macrophages. With this technique we demonstrated the presence of H‐2 and Ia alloantigens on peritoneal macrophages. The presence of Ia antigens on macrophages may be of particular biolo

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCertain anti‐H‐2 sera contain an antibody‐like activity which specifically inhibits EAC rosette formation by lymphoid (and not myeloid) cells of certain mouse strains. Studies in congenic recombinant mouse strains strongly indicate that at least part of the control of susceptibility to inhibition by these antisera is mediated by H‐2 linked genes, mapping in the I‐C subregion or the S region. The strain distribution of the trait CRIS indicates that certain H‐2 identical mice behave differently from one another, pointing toward a component of non‐H‐2 modulation of the H‐2 linked gene (or to a previously unsuspected H‐2 difference). Positive sera were usually raised across differences in the D end of the H‐2 complex. The complex implications of this system must be considered in the light of known S region involvement in

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1744-3121    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY