摘要:

SUMMARYA method for preparing125I-labeled AS anti-August rat transplantation alloantibody is described. After absorption and elution from membranes prepared from a spontaneous August myelogenous leukaemia, antibody was partially purified on Sephadex G-200 and iodinated with125I. After iodination, further purification was achieved by DEAE-chromatography. The final labeled preparation had a specificity ratio of 25–40:1 when the amount bound to August target lymphocytes was compared to that bound to AS target lymphocytes. The specific binding activity could be absorbed by August cells and blocked by unlabeled antibody. The technical problems in obtaining a satisfactory125I-labeled preparation of AS anti-August antibody are discussed in detail, with a view to providing information applicable to labeling transplantation antibodies in other systems.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYAn exact correlation was found between the reactions of125I-labeled and cytotoxic AS anti-August transplantation antibody when tested on the cells of a segregating backcross population (AS × (AS × Aug)). The probability that labeled antibody is detecting the products of more than one locus is <0.05, and it is concluded likely that both labeled and cytotoxic antibody are detecting only products of theAg-Blocus. Under conditions where saturation of antigenic sites had not been achieved, 37,500 molecules of125I-labeled antibody/cell were absorbed by August lymph node lymphocytes. Therefore the antigen site number per August lymphocyte must exceed this figure. The site number on other cell types relative to August lymph node cells (LNC) is as follows: August thymocytes have 1/s the number of sites, August erythrocytes have slightly less than 1/100 the number of sites, cells from a spontaneous August myelogenous leukaemia have twice the number of sites, and (AS × Aug)F1LNC have one-half the number of sites.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYIn a no-exclusion study of 76 genotyped recipients of living related allografts, 51 received definitely mismatched haplotypes. Those mismatched haplotypes carrying the cross reacting antigens HL-A1,3, or 11 were associated with a significantly increased incidence of excellent functioning allografts—19—and only a single failure (P < 0.001). In those patients with a mismatched haplotype without HL-A1,3, or 11, allograft failures—13—exceeded excellent functioning allografts—11. Also evaluated were the possible roles of other donor cross reacting groups, donor-recipient cross reacting antigens, specific recipient antigens such as HL-A1, lymphocytotoxic, antinuclear, and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies (anti-GBM), the inflammatory response and delayed hypersensitivity (DH) to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), preexisting DH, and the response of recipient lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThree groups of recipient dogs were conditioned for transplantation by supralethal exposure to total body irradiation from dual60Co sources and then given hemopoietic grafts from DL-A-matched littermates. Group 1 consisted of 17 dogs given marrow cells only and not treated with immunosuppressive therapy postgrafting. Group 2 was made up of 11 dogs given a combination of marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes and no postgrafting immunosuppression. Group 3 included 13 dogs given a combination of marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes and intermittent methotrexate (MTX) therapy for 102 days postgrafting. Nine of the 17 recipients in group 1 died between 30 and 230 days after grafting with graft-versus-host (GVH) disease. Eight recipients survived beyond 230 days without GVH disease. Seven of 11 recipients in group 2 died with GVH disease after 12–151 days and 4 survived beyond 200 days. One dog in group 3 died on day 61, and 12 survived beyond 200 days without evidence of GVH disease. Thus, fatal GVH disease was seen in a number of canine recipients not given postgrafting immunosuppression despite DL-A matching with their littermate donor. The addition of peripheral blood leukocytes to the marrow inoculum did not significantly change the overall survival but increased the severity of GVH disease. Therapy with intermittent MTX postgrafting significantly prolonged survival (P< 0.01) and resulted in the establishment of stable graft-host “tolerance” in most DL-A-matched recipients.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe platelet survival test (PST), which is based on the rate of disappearance: of labeled donor platelets from the circulation of the recipient, was evaluated as a means of assessing preimmunization to transplantation antigens. Rabbits were tested for platelet survival and cytotoxic antibody after a light, moderate, or heavy immunization from a specific histoincompatible donor. Platelets were labeled with51Cr; cytotoxic antibody was detected by the microcytotoxicity test. Platelet survival time in the nonimmunized control group was 4 days. The three treatment groups demonstrated a reduction of platelet survival that correlated closely with the intensity of immunization in every case. In contrast, cytotoxic antibody was a poor indicator of immunization and was detected in only 1 of 9, 6 of 12, and 8 of 13 animals with a light, moderate, and heavy immunization, respectively. The immunogenicity of test platelets alone was slight and could be prevented by the concurrent administration of 6-mercaptopurine.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe platelet survival test (PST) was evaluated as a means of predicting hyperacute renal allograft rejection. Renal allografts were performed in 12 control and 22 actively preimmunized animals within 1 week of completing immunization. Immunological reactivity assessed immediately prior to renal transplantation was accurately measured by the PST. No hyperacute rejection developed in the control animals or in 10 animals with a slight reduction of platelet survival. Of 12 animals with a moderate or severe reduction of platelet survival, gross and clinical signs of hyperacute rejection were present in 10, and histological evidence of hyperacute rejection was present in 7. Presence or absence of cytotoxic antibody was poorly correlated with eventual outcome. Hyperacute rejection developed in only 1 of 5 animals with a moderate or strong cytotoxic antibody titer; 2 animals with hyperacute rejection had no detectable cytotoxic antibody.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe Eichwald-Silmser phenomenon (rejection of male skin graft by isogenic females of certain strains) and the sexual dimorphism in the anti-A antibody production are demonstrated to be unrelated. These studies show no A-like antigenic activity on tissues of C57BL/10 males. While anti-B production is induced in both males and females with one injection, males require a large dose in primary immunization or secondary immunization to produce anti-A antibody and the titers are always lower than in the females. It is proposed that the difference between males and females in the spontaneous production of anti-A-like agglutinins is attributable to genetic control of this immunological response.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThis paper presents basic data concerning a heterophile system shown in previous studies to be related to human renal transplantation. Patients with either acute infections from some gram-negative bacteria or acute renal allograft rejections developed substantially higher titers of human antirat erythrocyte antibody than is common in normal people. The heterophile antibodies produced as a consequence of either infection or acute renal allograft rejection reacted with antigens present on rat erythrocytes but not on sheep erythrocytes. Absorption and neutralization studies confirmed the presence of antigens in or on human kidneys, various gram-negative bacteria, and rat erythrocytes which will react in this heterophile system. The antigens are similar but are not serologically identical to the common antigen (CA) of Enterobacteriaceae. Some patients in chronic renal failure were shown to be immunized to the heterophile antigens, presumably from previous infection.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe relationship of a transplantation heterophile system to renal transplantation and the HL-A system was studied in the recipients of 64 renal allografts. Sensitization of recipients to the heterophile antigens prior to transplantation was associated with rejection in 6 of 8 allografts. The occurrence of acute rejection in patients not previously sensitized to the heterophile antigens correlated closely with heterophile reactivity. Fifteen of sixteen acute rejection episodes were associated with a rising titer of heterophile antibody and 25 of 29 patients without rejection did not have an unexplained significant rise in titer. No correlation between HL-A incompatibility and acute rejection was found and the heterophile system was shown to be serologically unrelated to the HL-A system. Frequent determinations of the heterophile antibody titer in transplantation recipients proved a useful serological aid in the diagnosis of rejection. This heterophile system has many of the characteristics of a compatibility system and appears related to acute and “accelerated” acute rejection but not to hyperacute or chronic rejection.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYPrevious studies in dogs have shown that a single preceding transfusion with whole blood from the intended marrow donor can immunize a recipient and lead to rejection of a subsequent marrow graft even when donor and recipient are littermates compatible for the major dog leukocyte antigen(DL-A)locus. The present study investigated two approaches to diminish the chance of marrow graft rejection in transfused canine recipients: (1) the use of the immunosuppressive drug methotrexate (MTX) after grafting, and (2) the use of buffy coat-poor blood instead of whole blood for the preceding transfusion. Recipients were conditioned for marrow grafting by 1,200 R of total body irradiation followed within 4 hr by infusion of hemopoietic cells from DL-A-incompatible unrelated donors. MTX, 0.4–0.5 mg/kg, was administered i.v. on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 after irradiation and grafting and then once weekly until day 102. A single preceding transfusion of whole blood from the intended DL-A-incompatible marrow donor in most instances led to rejection of the marrow graft. Treatment with MTX did not diminish the incidence of graft rejection. Substituting buffy coat-poor blood (reduction in white blood cells: 99.8 ± 0.2% (SD) and platelets: 99.1 ± 0.7% (SD)) for whole blood did not significantly change the incidence of immunization of recipients.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID