摘要:

Blood samples from 31 of 50 consecutive patients receiving bone marrow from an HLA-identical and mixed lymphocyte culture—nonreactive sibling were investigated for the presence of donor and autologous erythrocytes. Simple serological techniques using antigenic differences between donor and recipient and a blood transfusion policy taking these differences into account made this study possible. A total of 71% of the patients had donor erythrocytes demonstrable 4 weeks after bone marrow transplantation; almost all patients did so after 2 months. Disappearance or absence of donor red cells indicated poor patient prognosis. Persistence or reappearance of autologous erythrocytes in small percentages (0.05–10%) occurred without relapse of leukemia. Reappearance in high percentage (50–100%) indicated relapse.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A more widespread application of combined heart-lung transplantation (HLT) for the treatment of pulmonary vascular disease has been limited by the lack of a simple and inexpensive method for preserving donor organs for transplantation from distant hospitals. Of the 12 HLT patients treated at Papworth Hospital, the last 7 involved distant procurement of donor organs. For this, a single flush hypothermie system was used, with a Ringer's solution containing albumin, mannitol, prostacyclin, and heparin. This was preceded by a prostacyclin infusion into the donor's pulmonary artery.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Acute murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection alters the course of graft-vs-host (GVH) disease involving major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens and induces interstitial pneumonitis. F1(B10×B10.BR) mice given 20 × 105B10.BR spleen cells and MCMV (1 × 105plaque-forming units [PFU]) develop severe, diffuse pneumonitis not seen with either MCMV or GVH alone. As one index of the host immune processes operating in the lungs during MCMV/GVH pneumonitis, we examined the types of cells recovered from the lung by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) during pneumonitis. During MCMV/GVH pneumonitis, the total cells recovered significantly increased, due primarily to an influx of Thy 1.2 lymphocytes. Characterization of cells using multi-parameter flow cytometric analysis revealed that >80% of all BAL cells were Thy 1.2-positive lymphocytes of donor origin. In addition, donor Thy 1.2-positive cells were of both the L3T4+(43% of BAL cells) and Lyt 2+(38% of BAL cells) phenotype. Thus, MCMV infection during GVH to MHC antigens induces interstitial pneumonitis, characterized by an influx of T lymphocytes …

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We have investigated the reasons why thymectomized, bone marrow—reconstituted (B) rats do not reject their allografts, by comparing the structure of inflammation and functions of inflammatory cells in nonrejecting allografts to rejecting allografts in normal control recipients. The results demonstrate that B recipients mount a specific cellular response towards the graft. The response in B recipients differs from that in normal controls by a smaller intensity of inflammation, fewer blast cells, and activated mononuclear phagocytes in the inflammatory infiltrate, as well as a delay in the appearance of specific donor-directed lytic activity in the graft. B rats also have fewer blast cells and an inverted CD4/8 ratio in the spleen. There is no obvious absence of any given cell type or cellular function in the graft inflammatory infiltrate. In light of these results no cell type responsible for allograft nonrejection can be pinpointed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A model for induction of permanent PVG/c heart allograft survival in adult WKy rats, following antithymocyte globulin (ATG) treatment, was studied. Attempts to induce acute rejection of permanently accepted grafts, by injection of presensitized spleen cells, were successful only if the tolerant recipients had been pretreated with cyclophosphamide. Tolerance against second allografts from the primary donor strain could not be abrogated by injection of presensitized cells shortly after grafting. After removal of the permanently accepted graft, the tolerant recipients regained their capacity for acute rejection within 100 days.Tolerance was adoptively transferred with spleen cells, obtained from tolerant rats, to syngeneic sublethally irradiated recipients. The transferred unresponsiveness was donor-specific, antigen-dependent, and could again be transferred to irradiated recipients. The transferred suppression was abolished by the addition of presensitized, but not by naive, syngeneic spleen cells.The results indicate that donor-specific, antigen-dependent suppressor cells are essential for the maintenance of ATG-induced allograft acceptance. The suppression may influence the generation and activation, as well as the function, of alloreactive cells.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Heat-inactivated (45°C/1 hr) lymphocytes selectively activate suppressor T cells in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), while no significant proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation can be detected. It is not well understood why hyperthermic treatment abolishes the stimulatory capacity of lymphocytes since HLA-DR molecules remain detectable immediately following heat exposure. In order to further characterize the requirements for Ts activation we studied the effects of hyperthermic treatment on cellular protein and DNA synthesis and cell surface protein expression in prolif-…

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Canine renal cortical cells were obtained by collagenase extraction from allogeneic haploidentical, donor-recipient beagle littermate pairs and from unrelated mongrels. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the mongrels, as well as of one member of the beagle pair that exhibited high mined lymphocyte culture (MLC) reactivity against the other were also stimulated by renal cortical cells derived from both normal and rejected transplanted kidneys in mixed lymphocyte kidney cell culture (MLKC). A moderate autologous MLKC reactivity occurred in response to normal renal cortical cells. However, rejected kidney cortical cells were markedly more stimulatory than normal renal cortical cells in both allogeneic and autologous MLKC reactions. Lymphocytes from donor animals responded more strongly to autologous cortical cells isolated during rejection of the transplant than to cortical cells from normal allogeneic kidneys. Recipient infiltrating lymphocytes and propagated T cell lines extracted from the rejected kidney also responded more strongly than PBL to cortical cells from this kidney. Gradient purification of the stimulating cortical cells resulted in one virtually pure preparation of distal tubular epithelial cells, as demonstrated by immunohistochemical stains and electron microscopy, which caused enhanced stimulation in MLKC.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We have investigated the development of skin cancer from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in C3H-nu/nu nude mice. Nude mice, nude mice reconstituted with thymuses, and nude mouse skin grafted onto normal haired mice had similar tumor incidences and rates of tumor development. All tumors were squamous cell carcinomas and both well-differentiated and poorly differentiated lesions occurred in each of the groups. Transplants of the tumors that developed in nude skin grew preferentially in immunosuppressed mice as compared with normal mice, indicating that tumors from each treatment group were antigenic. These results indicate that the presence or absence of a functioning thymus does not seem to influence UV carcinogenesis.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Newborn Balb/c mice received a single neonatal injection of either (A/J × Balb/c) F1hybrid spleen cells, T-cell-depleted (A/J × Balb/c) F1hybrid spleen cells, or T-cell-depleted fully allogeneic A/J spleen cells. Chimerism was followed longitudinally during the life span by the detection of circulating donor allotype. At sacrifice, the percentage of donor cells in the spleen was measured, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) reactivity to the tolerogen was tested. We found that T cell depletion of the semiallogeneic inoculum did not modify its capacity to generate persistent chimerism and CTL tolerance, while T-cell-depleted allogeneic cells were intrinsically deficient both in the induction and in the long-term maintenance of chimerism and CTL unresponsiveness.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Pyridine nucleotide fluorescence in perfused rat liver for the noninvasive determination of donor graft viability was investigated in relation to other metabolic indices, such as NAD concentration, adenine nucleotides, and mitochondrial phosphorylative activity. The amplitude between oxidation and reduction levels (R×A) in fluorometric trace, and the slope or the velocity of the trace curve from oxidation to reduction (R×V) were determined by the measurement of fluorescence from NAD(P)H, using a new fluorometric device, R×A and R×V decreased proportionally to the duration of preservation period (6, 12, 24, 48 hr) in simple cold storage. Other values of hepatic cell viability, such as total adenine nucleotides, energy charge, and mitochondrial phosphorylation rate, were simultaneously measured and also decreased proportionally to the duration of preservation period. There were close positive correlations between the percentage of R×A and NAD concentration (r=0.724,p<0.01), between the percentage of R×A and total adenine nucleotides (r=0.887,p<0.01), between the percentage of R×V and energy charge (r=0.715,p<0.01), and between the percentage of R×V and phosphorylation rate/cytochrome a(+a3) (r=0.837,p<0.01). These results suggest that this fluorometric method can provide an accurate noninvasive evaluation of donor graft viability—and, unlike the present indices of energy metabolism, it may be applied to evaluate the primary nonfunctioning graft prior to transplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID