ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although duct obliteration is a safe and effective method for ablation of exocrine secretion in segmental pancreas transplantation, it remains to be clarified whether its effects are restricted to the exocrine tissue. In 20 dogs (beagles 9–15 kg) the right lobe of the pancreas was removed and the ductal system of the left lobe was injected with the duct-obliterants neoprens (6 dogs), polyisoprene (6 dogs), or prolamine (8 dogs). In this study, i.v. glucose tolerance tests (the results of which are expressed in K values) and relaparotomies for taking biopsies were performed at 1, 3 and 12 months after duct obliteration. Biopsies were studied histologically and immunohistochemically in a qualititative and semiquantitative fashion. Three prolamine-injected dogs developed diabetes. All other dogs maintained normal fasting blood glucose levels but showed reduced K values at 1 month after duct obliteration. Further deterioration of glucose tolerance was not observed up to 12 months. Differences in K values depending on the type of obliterant were insignificant at all intervals. The exocrine tissue was completely replaced by fibrosis at 3 months after duct obliteration, and the architecture of the islets was disrupted. Morphometrical analysis of relative numbers of different endocrine cell types showed transient changes at 1 month after duct obliteration, but did not differ from unmodified controls at 12 months. We conclude that the effects of duct obliteration are not restricted to the exocrine pancreatic tissue, but that the endocrine pancreas is interfered with as well. Changes in islet function and histology are brought about during the first month after duct obliteration and stabilize thereafter.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Lymphocyte infiltration of heart grafts has been monitored using pulses of Indium-111-labelled syngeneic lymphocytes. The cells were injected int. cyclosporine (CSA)-treated or untreated rats that had received an allograft 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days previously Accumulation of the labelled cells in the graft was measured 24 hr after injection, and was compared with that in the antimal's own heart. For the first three days after grafting, Indium-111-labelled lymphocytes accumulated to the same extent in the grafts of untreated and CSA-treated rats. However, the substantial rapid increase in lymphocyte accumulation in the graft that occurs in the untreated recipient between days 4 and 5 did not occur in CSA-treated recipients. From day 5 until day 9 the accumulation of labelled cells in CSA-maintained grafts was not greater than in syngeneic nonrejecting grafts, and it was significantly less than in the untreated rejecting grafts.At early times after grafting, removal from the labelled cell population of lymphocytes with reactivity against the histocompatibility antigens of the graft resulted in a reduction in the extent to which these lymphocytes accumulated in the graft.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We and others have reported that dispersed liver cells transplanted into the spleen parenchyma of syngeneic rats remained functional and viable for a long time. This report describes our results with hepatocellular transplantation as a therapeutic method in a model of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in the rat.60 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200–250 g were used. The FHF was reached through an Eck's fistula with 2/3 hepatectomy at the same time. This model produced lethal hepatic failure in a highly reproducible manner. Liver cells were isolated by the collagenase method. 40x106hepatocytes suspended in Hanks' balanced salt solution were transplanted into the spleen parenchyma 24 hr before (group 1), at the same time as (group 2), and 24 hr after (group 3) FHF was achieved. Additional sham-operated animals (groups 4 and 5) and a control group (group 6) were used.The hepatocellular transplantation markedly increased the survival of the animals with induced FHF to 80% (group 1) and 60% (group 2)—but not in group 3 (20%),—compared with 10% in the control group.This study shows that dispersed liver cells transplanted into the spleen can provide sufficient support to allow animals with lethal hepatic failure to survive and recover. Nevertheless the efficacy of transplantation is a time-related phenomenon with the FHF induction.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The influence of DRw6-antigen on graft survival was studied in a single-center study in 223 recipients of a cadaveric kidney. Although graft survival in 148 DRw6-negative recipients was not significantly different from that in 75 DRw6-positive recipients, the percentage of patients without a rejection episode in the first three months after grafting was significantly less in the DRw6-negative recipients (p=0.03). In DRw6-positive patients who had received rabbit antithymocyte globulin (RATG) as the first antirejection treatment, graft survival was significantly better than in prednisone-treated DRw6-positive recipients. In the DRw6-negative patients RATG treatment also gave better results, but these differences were not significant. When RATG-treated patients were excluded from the analysis, the difference in graft survival between DRw6-negative and DRw6-positive patients became apparent (p=0.03). These findings show that the negative influence of the DRw6 antigen present in the recipients is counter-balanced by the beneficial effect of RATG treatment for first rejection episodes.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Azathioprine (AZTP) must sometimes be discontinued in cadaveric kidney recipients. Long-term survival of patients after AZTP withdrawal is questionable, and many groups consider that maintenance treatment with AZTP is preferable to its discontinuation despite potential severe side effects.In our group AZTP had to be discontinued in 39 recipients of first renal allografts (30 cadaver kidney recipients, 9 living-related recipients) because of severe liver disease or cancer. The median follow-up period after AZTP withdrawal was 32 months, ranging from 5 to 84 months. Deterioration of renal function, which occurred in 11 (28.2%) patients, was more frequently observed in recipients of an incompatible graft (2–4 HLA-A and B mismatches (P= 0.02)). The graft survival rate of 56.9% at 10 years for the whole group of patients compares favorably with the 63.2% graft survival rate of a matched control group of 79 patients.Thus, AZTP may be discontinued whenever required without increasing the rate of graft loss.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sera collected from a majority (15/16) of recipients of renal transplants ocassionally contained low, but significant, levels of antiviral activity, maximally corresponding to 25–50 units of interferon-α per milliliter of serum in a bioassay. The exception was the only transplanted patient with a known cytomegalovirus infection, who demonstrated persistent high levels of antiviral activity corresponding to 200–400 interferon units/ml. Only the latter antiviral activity was sufficiently high for a partial characterization. It was pH 2 labile, did not have antigenic properties of interferon-α or β, and may correspond to the lymphokine interferon-γ. In consecutive serum samples from individual patients; the peaks of the antiviral activity occurred preponderantly in connection with clinical signs and consequent treatment of graft rejections. Interferon may, therefore, be a useful marker (at the serum level) of incipient graft rejection, and of certain viral infections, at least, provided that a more rapid sensitive and precise assay of this lymphokine is developed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Five of 64 recipients of HLA-identical sibling marrow allografts who were given cyclosporine (CSP) to minimize graft-versus-host disease poottransplant had a serious neurological illness thought to be due to CSP. Characteristic clinical features included a motor spinal cord syndrome, a cerebellarlike syndrome, and mental confusion. All five recovered when the CSP dose was reduced or the drug was stopped.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A prospective randomized trial was performed comparing survival of cadaveric grafts allocated by HLA-A+B matching and HLA-DR matching. The two allocation methods resulted in very similar graft survivals. HLA-A matching had no significant effect on graft survival. HLA-B and HLA-DR matching were shown to have approximately equal, significant, independent, and additive effects on graft survival. Other factors that were demonstrated to have significant effects were blood transfusion, preformed antibodies, graft number, and recipient sex.The results indicate that neither allocation method alone is optimal, and that matching for HLA-B+DR is necessary. However a large pool size is necessary to obtain a high frequency of good matches.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID