ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The possibility that kidney cells may synthesize ABH and Lewis antigens was explored at three different levels: (1) urinary excretion of antigens in transplant recipients, (2) presence of glycosyltransferase activities, and (3) immunofluorescent localization of antigens in normal kidney tissue.Analysis of urine from blood group A or B recipients grafted with kidneys from type O donors and from other combinations, showed that about two-thirds of excreted ABH macromolecules are produced by the kidney and this synthesis is not regulated by the recipient's secretor system. The remaining one-third of ABH substances, which may come from the blood stream, have either the A or B specificities of the recipient and their synthesis is regulated by the recipient's secretor system.Analysis of urine from Lewis-negative kidney recipients showed that most of the urinary Lewis macromolecules are synthesized by the transplanted kidney.The glycosyltransferase activities necessary for the synthesis of ABH and Lewis antigens were found in the cortex, medulla, and glomeruli of normal kidney tissue. A or B enzymes were only detected in tissue of appropriate blood group. The H enzyme was present in the purified glomeruli, irrespective of the secretor status, and Lewis enzyme was only found in preparations from Lewis-positive kidneys.Both ABH and Lewis antigens were found by immunofluorescence in epithelial cells of distal convoluted and collecting tubules, while ABH but not Lewis antigens were found in vascular endothelia. If these antigens play a role in the immune rejection of the transplanted kidney, differences in the mode of rejection might be related to their tissue distribution.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The survival times of skin and split heart grafts were compared inH-2mutant mice wherein the mutation arose in theKb,Kb-Ib, orLdregions. The mutants were defined originally by skin graft rejection, and, in this study, parental skin grafts to the different mutants were rejected in 10 to 18 days, the mean survival time depending on the particular mutant examined. By contrast, except for one combination, heart grafts were either not rejected or were rejected very slowly in periods of > 25 days. Thus, with restricted difference within the murine major histocompatibility complex, skin and heart graft rejection occurs at very different rates. The one exception, noted in mutant strain bm6, is of interest in that heart and skin graft rejection occurred at approximately the same time (∼17 days). The response to this mutant (bm6) was quite different to a supposedly identical mutant (bm5), indicating that minor differences may be present in these two mutants. In general, the differences noted between heart and skin with first grafts disappeared in primed mice, wherein heart grafts were rapidly rejected by mice that had previously rejected a skin graft from the same donor. However, no second-set response was observed with heart grafts to the bm6and bm12mutants, and these grafts survived indefinitely. In several studies where skin grafts were placed on mice bearing heart grafts, the skin grafts also enjoyed a prolonged survival, indicating a modification of the immune response by the preceding heart graft.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Specimens from seven Sinclair swine melanomas were transplanted to the cheek pouches of Syrian Golden hamsters. The specimens were taken from young swine and were derived from raised tumors that either were present at birth or developed after birth from flat melanocytic lesions as well as from apparently normal skin. All seven specimens grew in the hamster cheek pouch. One lesion, derived from a 3-day-old piglet, exhibited the most aggressive growth in the hamster and was successfully transferred to other hamster cheek pouches. These results confirm the malignancy of Sinclair swine melanoma and indicate that tumors of neonatal swine contain more malignant cells than those of older animals.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Lymphoid cells from ALS-treated (C57BL/6 × A/J)F1(B6AF1) mice bearing enhanced C3H/He grafts were assayed for their ability to suppress the response to C3H/He grafts after transfer to syngeneic B6AF1recipients. Cells were transferred from ALS-treated B6AF, mice that had received either a C3H/ He graft alone, C3H/He marrow alone, or both a graft and marrow. Suppressor cells appeared in the spleens of ALS-treated B6AF1mice that had received either a graft alone or both graft and marrow as early as day +13. They persisted only in the spleens of mice that had received both a graft and marrow, i.e., mice whose grafts showed significant prolongation. Suppressor cells did not appear in the lymph nodes of mice bearing enhanced grafts until day +42. Thymocytes and bone marrow cells were unable to transfer unresponsiveness. The cells which transferred unresponsiveness were specific for the graft donor strain as they did not transfer unresponsiveness to third-party grafts. The ability of cells to transfer suppression was abrogated by treatment with anti-&thetas; serum.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity assay has been devised to detectBlocus alloantigens on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The assay utilizes unheated chicken antiserum and guinea pig complement, which cooperate to yield specific lysis of111In-labeled target cells. Specific cell lysis appears to be mediated by the classical complement pathway and can be inhibited by heat inactivation of the guinea pig complement. Heat inactivation of the chicken antiserum results in partial inhibition of cell lysis which can be restored by the addition of a small amount of unheated normal chicken serum. The use of a111In-oxine chelate was found to be a quick and efficient way to label chicken cells. It has a high labeling efficiency, localizes primarily in the cytoplasm, and is released specifically from dead cells in a form that cannot be reutilized. The highly sensitive detection ofBlocus alloantigens with this assay strongly suggests that it will be of equal value in the detection of other alloantigens, tumor-specific (transplantation) antigens, and differentiation antigens on the surface of chicken cells.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Pancreatic islet cell allotransplantation has considerable potential in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, isolated islets appear to be particularly sensitive to rejection and attempts to prolong their survival in experimental animals have so far met with only limited success. In this study the effect of two macrophage suppressing agents, silica and carrageenan, has been investigated in a rat model. Islets from (August × AS) F1donors were transplanted into AS recipients. Of 13 animals treated with i.v. carrageenan (5 mg/kg), only one had prolongation of graft survival compared to controls. There was indefinite survival in 7 of the 16 animals treated with i.p. silica (50 mg/100 g) and 2 additional animals died normoglycaemic. In an attempt to measure the effectiveness of these two agents in suppressing macrophage activity, the ability of the “fixed” macrophages of the mononuclear phagocytic system to clear particles from the circulation was measured using125I-labelled microaggregated albumin. Although both carrageenan and silica reduced clearance values, it proved impossible to correlate the degree and duration of this suppression with the success or otherwise of the islet cell allografts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

It is demonstrated that passenger lymphocytes migrate out of rat renal allografts into host spleens in a radioresistant fashion. These mobile passenger lymphocytes within BN kidney and heart transplants are immunocompetent, since they elicit a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction in the spleens of (LEW × BN)F2hybrid hosts. The greater GVH reaction in (LEW × BN)F1recipients of BN kidneys reflects the greater number of mobile passenger lymphocytes in the kidney when compared to the heart.The mobile passenger lymphocytes within BN renal allografts also cause a proliferative response in the spleens of LEW hosts as well as an accelerated rejection of BN renal allografts when compared to BN cardiac allografts, for the differences between BN kidney and heart, both in terms of splenomegaly elicited in LEW as well as tempo of rejection, are abolished by total body X-irradiation of the donor with 900 rad.Results indicate that a mobile passenger lymphocyte mediated GVH reaction in the central lymphoid organs of the host augments the host response to allogeneic kidneys and contributes materially to first-set renal allograft rejection; this GVH reaction on the other hand is not conspicuously present in LEW recipients of BN cardiac allografts and has therefore little effect on first-set cardiac allograft rejection.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of normal subjects and of kidney allograft recipients treated with immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine and prednisone) were tested for natural killer (NK) cell activity against K-562 cells, and for killer (K) cell activity against L-1210 cells in the presence of rabbit anti-L-1210 antiserum. It was found that the natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (NCMC) was abolished in the immunosuppressed patients while the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) remained normal. Furthermore, no correlation was observed between both activities in the treated group, whereas a strong positive correlation did exist in the control population. Uremic routinely hemodialyzed patients tested for NK cell activity did not exhibit any significant difference with the control group. These data indicate that NCMC and ADCC are different functions, apparently correlated in normal population but discriminated by immunosuppressive medical treatment. The abrogation of NCMC in patients in whom the risk of malignancy is highly increased strengthens the concept of a crucial role of NK cells in the in vivo surveillance toward malignancies.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID