摘要:

A study has been made to determine the accuracy of the trypan blue staining technique as an index of the proportion of viable cells in a cell population. Eosin and acridine orange were also tested in preliminary studies but were found to be relatively toxic. Cell cultures in vitro and tumor cell populations tested in vivo are used for direct comparisons between viability values obtained by staining cell populations with trypan blue, and values obtained by testing the growth potential of the same cell populations under optical conditions of cultivation. Data are included relative to the effects of trauma, freezing, and of various dispersal agents upon cell viability. The results indicate correlation but not absolute agreement between the two methods (staining and cultivation). Trypan blue values are shown to be 85% (or better) of cultivability values under optimal conditions of handling, but they are grossly inaccurate and unpredictable following traumatic treatment of cell populations. Before trypan blue staining is accepted as an index of cell viability, it is recommended that the specific system under study first be carefully defined.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Anti-H-2 antibody responses against spleen and liver tissue were investigated. Some of the different antibodies were measured separately. The results show that spleen is a much better H-2 antibody inducer than liver in the two strain combinations studied. This is rather in agreement with the evidence in other test systems and shows that a given tissue's paucity in the induction of immunologic phenomena does not necessarily correlate with an absence of antigens. The H-2 antigens determined by theH-2Sallele were shown to be separable by homogenization of spleen tissue and centrifugation at 11000gfor 1 hour. While the E antigen was found both in supernatant and sediment, under these circumstances, the S antigen was found only in the sediment. Several of the antibody titer curves were found to be bi- or tri-modal. The bearing of these findings on the genetics and chemistry of the H-2 antigens, and the passive transfer of transplantation immunity is discussed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The i.p. injection, of spleen cells from allogeneic donors previously sensitized to the tissues of the recipient strain results in a pathologic complex interpreted as a “systemic transfer reaction.” The most striking feature of the reaction is a rapidly developing splenomegaly beginning after 24 hr and reaching a peak on the 5th day. Splenic enlargement is due to cellular proliferation in the red pulp including numerous discrete reticuloendothelial cells of epithelioid type resembling those seen in the early phases of F1hybrid disease. The “systemic transfer reaction” is not progressive, but undergoes rapid resolution.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Hemagglutinating sera, verified as reacting normally with known H-2 antigens, were used to determine the H-2 antigens of Swiss-Webster mice that had been random-bred for 25 years. Evidence for the existence of previously undescribed H-2 phenotypes was found. The pattern of occurrence of H-2 antigens did not conform with combinations of currently known H-2 alleles. The observations indicate the probable existence of new H-2 genes and combinations of them. New H-2 antigens may be expected. An experimental demonstration of one such antigen is given. On the basis of these observations the H-2 alleles that have been demonstrated by studies of inbred strains of mice appear selected simplifications of a major histocompatibility locus or groups of loci (7).

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Isoantibodies, hemagglutinins, and leukocytotoxins were produced in dogs by the injection or engraftment of homologous tissue.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Leukocytotoxic isoantibodies produced in the dog by immunization with homologous tissue react with the leukocytes of indifferent dogs and can be used to differentiate the indifferent population into positive and negative reactors. The cytotoxins can be absorbed by tissue and can be used to differentiate further the antigenic makeup of the indifferent population. A limited study of two antisera has indicated the existence of several different isoantigens in canine leukocytes. Differences in the patterns of reaction of hemagglutinins and leukocytotoxins in isoimmune sera are presented.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Isohemagglutinins produced in the dog by immunization with homologous tissue react with the red cells of indifferent dogs and can be used to differentiate the indifferent population into positive and negative reactors. These isohemagglutinins in contrast to the blood group isohemagglutinins can be absorbed by tissue and can then be used to differentiate further the antigenic make-up of the indifferent population. A limited study of one antiserum has disclosed the existence of 8 isoantigens, one of which seems complex.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Six patients with terminal uremia due to glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis were treated with heterografts from East African baboons. Immunosuppressive therapy was provided both before and after operation with azathioprine and prednisone and postoperatively local transplant irradiation and actinomycin C were administered intermittently. The individual rejection episodes in the post-transplant period could be reversed relatively easily but these recurred vigorously and repetitively, making it impossible to relax the stringent requirements of antirejection therapy. The continued need for high-dose immuno-suppressive therapy precipitated lethal infections in the majority of cases.The patients lived for 19 to 98 days after heterotransplantation. Four died with the baboon kidneys still in place after 19, 23, 35, and 49 days. In the other two cases the heterografts were removed after 60 and 49 days respectively, at a time when urine excretion was still present, and homografts from volunteer convict donors were placed on the opposite side. Both the latter recipients died of septic complications following the second operation, after 39 and 44 days. Complete cessation of heterograft urine excretion appeared only in two cases, although renal function was failing in the remainder prior to death or before removal of the heterografts. The relation of renal function to changes in heteroagglutinin and hemagglutinin titers is described.After residence in the host for 19 to 60 days, all the heterotransplants were heavily infiltrated with plasma cells and large lymphoid cells with pyroninophilic cytoplasm. There was also disruption of peritubular capillaries, interstitial edema, widespread tubular damage, swelling of endothelial cells lining arterioles, fibrinoid necrosis of the walls of arterioles and interlobular arteries, and narrowing and obstruction of interlobular arteries by fibrin and platelet deposits on the

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID