摘要:

Spleen cell suspensions obtained either from young NIH mice tolerant toShigella paradysenteriaeantigens or from normal control mice were transplanted to either nontreated or previously X-irradiated non-immunized recipient mice. All recipients were challenged with Shigella antigens at various times after transfer and their sera tested for anti-Shigella agglutinins to detect immunologic competence. Most irradiated mice receiving cells from Shigella tolerant donors did not form detectable anti-Shigella agglutinins following challenge injections, whereas irradiated mice receiving spleen cells from unresponsive or normal donors were capable of forming normal levels of antibodies to sheep RBC and bovine serum albumin. Adoptive tolerance to Shigella could be maintained in irradiated mice receiving tolerant spleen cells for at least 6 to 8 weeks by weekly injections with Shigella antigen. It appears unlikely that unresponsiveness in either tolerant donors or irradiated recipients was due to masking of antibody production by circulating excess antigen. However, a role for persisting intracellular antigen has not been eliminated as a possible factor for establishment and maintenance of unresponsiveness.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

More type III pneumococcal polysaccharide was required to induce immunological paralysis in old (25–66 week) adult than in young (6–11 week) adult mice. The disappearance rate of the polysaccharide from the circulation of both young and old adults was the same and the polysaccharide was not degraded when incubated with the sera of young or old animals.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of cross-circulation and methotrexate administration on skin graft survival in the mongrel dog was studied. Three groups of 10 dogs each were compared. In the first group, dogs cross-circulated continuously for 48 hours showed an average graft survival of 8 days (range 6–12 days). Animals in the second group received 3 doses of methotrexate (0.5 mgm. per kg.) 48 hours apart and had an average graft survival of 12 days (range 6–17). Animals in the third group were cross-circulated and also given methotrexate. Graft survival averaged 23 days (range 10–59). It was concluded that exposure to cellular antigen by cross circulation supplemented by immunosuppression with methotrexate was effective in prolonging skin graft survival.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intact leucocytes, in dosages as low as 5.6 × 105induce in the human recipient a state of generalized hypersensitivity to skin homografts obtained from the leucocyte donor. Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing, and treatment with DNAse, may diminish but do not abolish the capacity of blood leucocytes to induce homograft sensitivity. Separation of leucocyte components by differential centrifugation yields particulate, cell-free fractions which retain the ability to sensitize human recipients to skin homografts. These fractions include the mitochondrial-granular, microsomal, and fibrillar components of the cytoplasm of blood leucocytes.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An analysis of the agglutination and absorption reactions of strain RFM mouse maintained at the Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, shows that it differs from the strain RF/J mouse and is indistinguishable with regard to H-2 phenotype from strain A.CA(H-2‘). On the basis of new dataH-2’ has been more extensively characterized. In addition, a non-H-2 antigen was discovered which is carried by the strain RFM and not by strain A.CA. It is suggested that the strain described in the article be designated RFM/Un to distinguish it from strain RF/J.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A study was made of the effect of transfusion-induced polycythemia on the formation of intrasplenic clones in X-irradiated mice injected with bone marrow cells. Polycythemic animals showed a 3-fold decrease in the number of macroscopic clones obtained, as compared to non-polycythemic animals. Microscopic examination of the cell types of the spleen colonies revealed that the suppression effect of transfusion-induced polycythemia was cell specific: no erythroid clones were formed in the spleens of the polycythemic animals. Both cell replication and differentiation of the erythroid lines were completely inhibited. No such inhibition was observed among the granuloid colonies; in fact, an increased incidence of granuloid colonies was found in the polycythemic animals.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The treatment of lethally irradiated mice with adult allogenic marrow of known histocompatibility difference has been studied. The lowest therapeutic effect was obtained with difference between host and donor at the strongH-2locus. Less mortality was observed with difference at the weakerH-1orH-3locus. Where host and donor differed simultaneously atH-2andH-1orH-2andH-3, the final result was similar to that obtained with difference atH-2alone, but the onset of mortality was delayed. TheH-1andH-3loci together did not add their individual effects on mortality. Early mortality was observed with marrow of F1hybrids. The possibility of residual host-versus-graft reaction due to the low dose rate of radiation is described.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Mice of the A/Jax and C57BL/Ks strains were joined in parabiosis by coeleo-anastomosis and “vascular-anastomosis” in all combinations. One parabiont of each pair was injected i.p. with allogeneic immune peritoneal cells from C57BL/Ks animals. Attempts were made to detect the release of antibody from immune cells transferred to normal A/Jax and to normal C57BL/Ks animals. The observations which indicate that acute allogeneic disease (AAD) results from cell-associated immunity and that death is due to circulatory effects rather than a systemic toxin are: (a) humoral antibodies were not detected in C57BL/Ks or A/Jax recipients of immune cells; (b) in A/Jax-C57BL/Ks parabionts with established cross-circulations, but without coeleo-anastomosis, AAD was restricted to A/Jax animals and only developed when the cells were injected into the A/Jax partner. The C57BL/Ks animals showed simple fluid loss to the A/Jax partners; (c) in A/Jax-C57BL/Ks parabionts with coeleo-anastomosis, but without established cross-circulations, the A/Jax animal died and the C57BL/Ks animal was spared regardless of which partner was injected. Although cell-free extracts from 4 to 6 × 109immune peritoneal cells caused toxemia and death of mice, the effect was nonspecific and pathology typical of AAD was not present.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Males of full-sib mated inbred lines independently derived from the BALB/c ♂ × C57BL/6 ♀ cross were donors of orthotopic tail skin grafts on (BALB/c ♂ × C57BL/6 ♀)F1female hosts. Although the genetic backgrounds of males from different lines were distinctive due to chance fixation of genes during inbreeding, the only source of histoincompatibility to the female host was the Y-chromosome derived solely from the C57BL/6 male ancestor. Comparisons of mean survival times of male grafts of different lines failed to reveal any effect of the background.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fetal lambs were grafted in utero with orthotopically placed split-thickness skin homografts. At the same time the lambs, being essentially agammaglobulinemic, were given large intravascular doses of rabbit anti-sheep γ- and β2M-globulins, the levels of which were maintained in the fetal circulation by an appropriate intracardiac booster injection halfway through the experiment. The presence of persisting levels of these rabbit antibodies in the fetal circulation had no detectable inhibitory effect on the course of homograft rejection by the fetus. It is concluded from these data that conventional circulating antibody does not play an obligatory role in the rejection of solid tissue homografts. It is further suggested that the antibody or antibody-like activity responsible for the specificity of immunologically active lymphoid cells resides not on the surface but rather within the cell.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1965

数据来源: OVID