ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Became adenylate cyclase activators such as prosta-glandin E1elevate lymphocytic cyclic AMP and inhibit T cell proliferation and the effector function of cytotoxic T cells in vitro, we tested the efficacy of 15(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin E1, a prostaglandin derivative with a prolonged biologic half-life. Treatment with this agent resulted in a near complete protection of renal grafts from immunologic damage, despite withholding therapy until day 4 following transplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Meticulously selected rat islets were maintained in vitro for 7 days in a minimal volume of tissue culture medium at 37 C in air and 5% CO2. The cultured islets were transplanted into diabetic mice, either into the liver via the portal vein, or beneath the renal capsule. The survival of the cultured islets, following intrahepatic or renal subcapsular transplantation, was significantly prolonged compared with that of fresh islets. The renal subcapsular site apparently provides some additional immnnologic advantage, because the survival time of the cultured islets in this she was approximately twice as long as in the intrahepatic transplants.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of the new immunosuppressant cyclosporine on survival after total small intestinal allotransplantation (TSIA) was studied in a canine model. Successful TSIA was performed in 34 dogs. Eleven dogs were treated with cyclosporine, 25 mg/kg/day i.m., starting the day before the operation and continuing for four weeks. Thereafter the same dose was given orally. Thirteen dogs were given oral cyclosporine only, 25 mg/kg/day from the day after transplantation. Ten dogs served as controls.The dogs treated with intramuscular and oral cyclosporine survived a mean of 103.8 ± 39.4 days (mean ± S.E.M.). The longest survivor died after 432 days. Survival in this group was significantly longer than that of the control dogs, which survived 12.5 ± 4.6 days. The orally treated dogs survived 30.4 ± 7.6 days. All control dogs, and seven of the orally treated dogs, but only two of the intramuscularly treated dogs, died of acute rejection.It is concluded that cyclosporine is effective in prolonging survival after TSIA in the dog and reduces the incidence of acute rejection.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Rat renal allograft survival was enhanced by active immunization with donor strain RT1.B (Ia) antigens. Lewis (LEW) rats (16) were immunized with Brown Norway (BN) lymphocyte extracts containing RT1.B, but not RT1.A antigens, prior to receiving (LEW x BN)F1renal allografts. Group 1 (8 rats) was immunized with lymphocyte membrane fragments group 2(8 rats) was primed with lymphocyte supernatant extract. Long-term survivors (> 60 days; 12 animals) had a mean blood urea nitrogen of 75 ± 31 mg% and serum creatinine of 2.0 ± 0.8 mg% at one month. Death occurred in 90% of control allograft recipients within 10 days. Anti-BN RT1.B but not RT1.A antibodies were detected in sera from actively enhanced rats following immunization and at day 7 posttransplantation. We conclude that preimmunization with cell extracts containing donor RT1.B antigens has a protective effect on the allograft, and that the phenomenon of active immnnologic enhancement can be produced without immunization to RT1.A antigens.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A microsurgical model was developed to study the transplantation of large sections of vascularized skeletal tissue in inbred rats. A modified vascularized leg graft, consisting of the distal femur, knee joint, and intact tibia, with the associated musculature, was orthotopically transplanted in Fischer F344 rats. The femoral artery and vein were anastomosed by means of a micro-surgical technique. Skin coverage was accomplished with recipient skin. In the studies reported here, syngeneic grafts were followed for up to twelve months by means of clinical examinations, X-rays, bone scans, and histologic studies. The bone and-joint tissues not only survived but grew; the joints functioned and appeared to be histologically normal. Nonvascularized control grafts rapidly developed necrosis and osteomyelitis that lead to death of the recipients. Nonvascularized knee joint grafts, which were performed as additional controls, were better tolerated than nonvascularized limb grafts bat they developed progressive degenerative changes. Thus, only the vascularized grafts restored optimal limb function. This model will be useful for exploring the feasibility and potential uses of large vas-cularized grafts of skeletal tissue.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using the rat model for vascularized orthotopic limb transplantation described elsewhere in this issue, 55 allogeneic grafts were studied. Composite musculoos-seous grafts were taken from Brown-Norway rats (Rt-1n); Fisher 344 rats (Rt-11) served as recipients. A group of 10 avascular allogeneic hind-limb grafts were performed as controls, but all recipients died of overwhelming sepsis within three weeks of the operation. Accordingly 10 avascular knee allografts were performed to serve as controls for the effects of vascularization. Initial vascular anastomotic patency of the allografts was comparable to that of syngeneic grafts. However, as rejection occurred, detected clinically by limb edema, flow progressively declined in the transplanted limbs, with eventual occlusion and fibrosis of the large blood vessels. Venous patency declined more rapidly than arterial patency. Bone scanning using 99mtechnetium methylene diphosphonate was a valuable tool for monitoring rejection of the grafts. Scan activity declined with rejection prior to occlusion of the major vessels feeding the grafts, and probably reflected the cessation of new bone formation early in the rejection process. Histologic examination revealed evidence of severe rejection, culminating in death of the epiphyseal cells, osteocytes, and, later, of articular chondrocytes. Vigorous alloantibody responses were detected both to vascularized and to nonvascularized allografts, but no major difference was seen between these two groups. The results indicate that allogeneic vascularized limb grafts can be followed easily with bone scans; that the loss of scan activity probably reflected rejection; that rejection involves cessation of new bone formation and eventual death of osteocytes; and that, despite severe rejection, the bone healing and joint function in the vascularized grafts improved relative to that observed in the avascular controls.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Orthotopic liver allografts in the rat survive indefinitely without immunosuppressive agents, despite incompatibility between donor and recipient for antigens of the major histocompatibility complex. This is strain-dependent. In the DA to PVG strain combination, liver grafts are never rejected. This is net due to failure of the recipient to mount an immune response against the donor tissue, because there is unequivocal histological evidence of a rejection response during the first few weeks after grafting. This response is moderate and disappears to leave a histologically normal liver, apart from mild bile duct proliferation. Liver function tests show evidence of damage during the phase of cellular infiltration, but these test results also return to normal levels within a few weeks. In the DA to BN strain combination liver grafts are rapidly rejected, and this process is accompanied by histological signs of a violent and progressive destructive cellular response with gross alterations in liver function test results that are progressive until the death of the recipients. F1hybrid recipients between these two strains (BN x PVG)F1show intermediate levels of both histological damage and elevated liver function values, but they do not reject their grafts. Recovery from the rejection episode appears to be complete, as judged histologically. However, biochemical values remain slightly elevated, indicating either that the original damage was so severe that it was inconsistent with complete functional recovery or that there is continuous damage that is not visible histologically.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Rat kidneys were flushed with isotonic citrate solution, hypertonic citrate solution, or Collins's C2 solution, and were stored hypothermically for 24 hr before transplantation into another rat of the same inbred colony. The number of animals surviving for one month was greatest with isotonic-citrate-flushed kidneys (82%), and least with Collins's C2 solution (27%). Functional and morphological damage after transplantation was consistently greater in Collins's-flushed grafts, as compared with citrate-flashed grafts. Best results were attained with the isotonte-citrate flushed grafts. Seven days after contralateral nephrectomy all surviving animals had elevated serum creatraine and urea concentrations, along with decreased creatinine clearance, and they had secreted large volumes of dilute urine. Renal function was best in animals with isotonic-citrate-flushed grafts. After one month, significant improvement in urine osmolality, creatinine clearance, and serum creatinine had occurred only in the rate with citrate-flushed grafts. There were no significant differences between the citrate groups. All surviving rats had some residual renal cortical damage, but severe interstitial nephritis (>30%) was much less frequent in the citrate groups

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Membranous glomerulopathy, de novo or recurrent, in the allograft kidney is a recognized, albeit uncommon, clinical entity. We examined the records of 936 renal allograft recipients in a seven and one-half year period. De novo membranous glomerulopathy developed in six patients. The mean onset of nephrotic-range proteinuria after transplantation was at 18.1 months (with a range of from 4 to 30 months). De novo membranous glomerulopathy did not adversely affect graft survival. Twenty-five patients were transplanted for end-stage renal disease caused by membranous glomerulopathy. The rate of recurrence of membranous glomerulopathy in patients who did not lose their allograft to rejection in the immediate posttransplant period was 7%. Additional prednisone therapy to the standard immunosuppressive protocol did not appear to be beneficial. One patient, who developed a recurrence of the original lesion, received an HLA-identical kidney. Onset of nephrotic-range proteinuria occurred four weeks post-transplant. Recurrent membranous glomerulopathy has been reported in five other patients. In the two recipients of living related allografts nephrotic-range proteinuria developed within two weeks of the transplant. Patients with end-stage renal disease caused by membranous glomerulopathy who receive a living related allograft, especially one that is HLA-identical, may be at a higher risk for morbidity and for early recurrence. We recommend caution in the use of a living related transplant for patients with end-stage renal disease caused by membranous glomerulopathy.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID