摘要:

SUMMARYExperiments carried out in rats and sheep have shown that Trasylol (aprotinin) is helpful in protecting kidneys from the harmful effects of ischaemia. After critical periods of ischaemia, renal failure was less frequent in the treated groups, and glomerular leakage of131I-labelled albumin was greatly reduced.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYIn 33 renal allograft recipient-donor pairs, B and T lymphocyte complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatches and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) blocking experiments were performed and the results were correlated with graft outcome. MLC blocking, particularly in the unidirectional culture against donor-stimulating cells, was highly correlated with the presence of complement-dependent cytotoxicity antibodies against donor B lymphocytes. Grafts in both MLC blocking and B lymphocyte crossmatch-positive groups fared equally as well as those without positive tests. No difference in graft outcome was noted when the presence or absence of MLC blocking was examined in relationship to positive or negative B lymphocyte complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatching.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe expression of major histocompatibility complex and non-major histocompatibility complex antigens on mouse trophoblast cultured from two defined stages of development was investigated by the sensitive in vitro mixed haemadsorption assay. Outgrowths obtained 3 to 5 days after explanation of 71/2-day ectoplacental cones contained a mixed population of cells. Those with a giant cell morphology showed no haemadsorption with congenic H-2 antisera and were reactive with non-H-2 antiserum only in the CBA strain. Other, smaller cells were reactive for both H-2 and non-H-2 in all strains examined except for C57BL, where the cells were nonreactive for H-2. Monolayer cultures of 13 to 14-day placental suspensions tested 24 hr after preparation were strongly reactive for both H-2 and non-H-2. The identity and alloantigenic status of the cells are discussed in relation to their function in maternal-foetal immunological interactions.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYAttempts to improve the induction of immunological enhancement of (AS × August)F1pancreatic islet allografts in diabetic AS rats have been carried out. First, by treating the diabetic AS recipient with enhancing serum obtained from AS rats with functioning enhanced (AS × August)F, islet allografts. In these rats only 1 of 5 islet allografts had a prolonged survival, the other 4 being rejected by 2 days. Second, by transplanting (AS × August)F1islet allografts into diabetic AS rats bearing functioning enhanced (AS × August)F1cardiac allografts. All of these islet allografts were rejected by 2 days.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe respective role of anti-H-2 K/D and anti-H-2 Ia antibodies in allotransplanted tumor enhancement was tested in vivo on two experimental tumors. Sa I A/J (H-2a, i.e., H-2k/d) was enhanced in CBA (H-2k) and C57BL/Ks (H-2d) strains with anti-A/J immune sera prepared in CBA and C57BL/Ks, respectively. EL 4, C57BL/6 (H-2d) lymphoma, was enhanced in DBA/2 (H-2d) and BALB/c (H-2d) with immune sera prepared in DBA/2 and BALB/c. Anti-K/D antibodies were obtained by elution from glutaraldehyde-treated RBC previously incubated with corresponding alloimmune sera prepared in mice immunized with spleen cells, thymocytes, or two consecutive skin grafts syngeneic to the RBC. The residual complement-dependent serocytotoxicity for target lymphocytes observed after complete hemagglutinin absorption on corresponding RBC was attributed to anti-Ia antibodies.RBC eluates (anti-K/D) were found to be enhancing for both experimental tumors and for all studied sera. After RBC absorption, the sera lost all enhancing activity when they were prepared by immunization with spleen or thymus cells, but remained enhancing in some sera prepared by immunization with skin grafts. Both types of antibodies (anti-K/D and anti-Ia) therefore appear able to enhance allografts. These results are compatible with the in vitro correlates of the two phases of the transplantation reaction: initiation phase (mixed lymphocyte reaction) inhibitable by anti-Ia and effector phase (cell-mediated cytotoxicity) inhibitable by anti-K/D.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYVarious rhesus alloantisera were tested for their capacity to induce enhancement of kidney allograft survival inDlocus-incompatible rhesus monkeys. Six experimental groups were investigated: 1, ten allografted monkeys remained untreated; 2, six recipients were treated with Imuran and prednisolone; 3, eight rhesus monkeys were treated with a polyspecific “anti-SD” serum; 4, four animals were given oligospecific antikidney serum; 5, four monkeys were treated with oligospecific antiblood serum; and 6, nine recipients were given anti-la-like sera plus immunosuppressive treatment with Imuran and prednisolone. It was found that neither treatment with Imuran and prednisolone nor the administration of any of the alloantisera had a substantial effect on kidney graft survival. However, there appeared to be a difference in renal function among experimental groups. At 6 days after grafting, the mean blood urea level in the group treated with Ia-like antisera was found to be significantly lower than those of all other groups. It is discussed that this favourable effect is attributable to treatment with anti-Ia-like sera and not to the additional factors (conventional immunosuppression and partial matching for Ia-like antigens) occurring in this experimental group.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYHuman kidney tissue obtained at pretransplant nephrectomy from 13 adults and 1 child with end stage renal disease was cultured to provide a source for attempted detection of viruses. Cultures were observed throughout their life span for cytopathogenic viruses. Supernatants from 13 cultures were tested for hemagglutinating viruses (including measles, rubella, influenza, parainfluenza, and mumps) using various species of red blood cells. Kidney cells were cocultivated with Vero and human foreskin cells and indirect immunofluorescence was attempted in one instance. No viruses were detected. Nevertheless, 9 of the 14 patients developed infections with herpes group viruses post-transplant. Either replicating viruses were not present in the kidneys of the patients prior to transplant or the techniques used were not adequate to detect them. However, the establishment of organ cultures from patients with chronic renal disease is practical and may be a useful method for further virological investigation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThese studies were undertaken to investigate the use of a technique for “homing” of an alkylating agent to lymphocytes as an immunosuppressive approach to inhibit allograft rejection. Trenimon (Tr) was bound covalently to antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and the effects of the complex on peripheral blood cells, thymus cells, spleen cells, and on foreign skin graft rejection assessed.When rabbit ATG was bound covalently to Tr, an alkylating agent, the conjugate (ATG-Tr) retained both complement-dependent antithymus cell activity and alkylating activity in vitro, but these activities were reduced. In vivo ATG decreased lymphocytes and increased neutrophils in the blood. ATG-Tr reduced circulating lymphocytes to lower levels and partially attenuated the rise in neutrophils.The in vivo effects of ATG, Tr, ATG-Tr, and ATG mixed with Tr (ATG + Tr) on thymus cells, spleen cells, T lymphocytes in the spleen, and rejection of a foreign skin graft were compared. Tr decreased all cell types, especially thymocytes, but did not delay graft rejection. ATG and ATG-Tr decreased thymocytes, eradicated T cells from the spleen, and delayed graft rejection 3-fold. ATG + Tr decreased thymocytes as Tr had done, eradicated T cells from the spleen, and delayed graft rejection 5-fold.It was concluded that ATG-Tr possessed antithymocyte antibody activity and Tr alkylating activity, but did not confer an immunological advantage over ATG alone, and that ATG and Tr mixed together unbound acted synergistically to delay graft rejection.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYTo know immunocompetence of cryopreserved human bone marrow, an optimal condition for cryopreservation of hemopoietic stem cells was determined on the basis of in vitro colony formation. Viability or immune function of frozen-thawed bone marrow lymphocytes was evaluated by spontaneous rosette formation with sheep red blood cells and mixed lymphocyte culture activity. It was demonstrated that the thawed marrow cells could form E rosettes and respond to alloantigens in mixed lymphocyte culture equally or more than those before freezing. Stimulating activity of cryopreserved marrow cells in mixed lymphocyte culture was not altered through a freeze-thawing process. These observations suggest that bone marrow lymphocytes may survive without losing their immunocompetence after freezing as well as hemopoietic stem cells.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYA retrospective study for the presence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies was performed on sera collected from 119 kidney graft recipients. Sera that had been collected on days 12 to 19 post-transplant were tested for cytotoxic reactions against a panel of human peripheral blood lymphocytes from 60 unrelated donors and 37 to 47 cultured human lymphoid cell lines (LCL). Forty-nine sera were negative against peripheral blood lymphocytes but contained cytotoxic antibody against cells on the LCL panel. Several sera were tested on E rosette-purified peripheral blood lymphocyte B cells and T cells from five donors whose LCL had also been tested. LCL appeared to be more sensitive to cytotoxic reactions than their B cell counterparts and may identify additional specificities which may not be related to the B cell alloantigenic system. Mixed lymphocyte culture blocking experiments were carried out against all combinations of these five cells. Some sera showed reactions of identity for B cells and LCL, and blocked the appropriate stimulator cells in mixed lymphocyte culture. Two sera that were positive for LCL but negative for B cell blocked only responder cells in the mixed lymphocyte culture.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID