ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Rat renal allograft survival may be enhanced by active preimmunization, or by passive transfer of antidonor antibodies. In the (LEW X BN)F1to LEW X LEW model, antibodies to Ia-like (B region) antigens, but not Ag-B (A region) antigens promote passive enhancement. Serum antibody responses to Ia and Ag-B antigens were assessed serially in passively enhanced animals to see whether there were similar quantitative and qualitative suppressions of the immune response, as compared to unmodified rejecting controls. Acid eluates from homogenized allografts were also studied and compared to serum activities. Rejecting animals produced antibodies to both Ag-B and la gene products, rising sharply between days 4 and 7 after transplantation. Passively enhanced recipients made no detectable anti-Ia, and very weak anti-Ag-B, responses. Active immunization with cells produced anti-Ag-B and anti-Ia responses 1 week later; after transplantation there was disappearance of serum anti-Ag-B and some reduction in anti-Ia levels. When graft eluates were prepared 7 days after transplantation, passively enhanced kidneys had only traces of antibody activity, while actively enhanced kidneys had anti-Ag-B, but no anti-Ia, compared to controls in which both types of antibodies were readily recovered. Hence, antibody responses to gene products of different regions of the rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are not identical in states of rejection, passive, or active enhancement.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An immunosuppressive regimen consisting of azathioprine (AZ), prednisone, and intermittent i.v. infusions of 400 mg of cyclophosphamide (CY) in the first post-transplant month was prospectively compared with a no CY regimen. There were no significant differences in patient or graft survival, graft function, or infectious complications between the two regimens.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum samples from 66 recipients of first cadaver donor renal transplants were screened for cytotoxic antibodies to normal T and B lymphocytes and B lymphocytes from chronic lympho-cytic leukaemia patients. In addition, the sera of 44 patients were tested with the B lymphocytes of their respective donors. Donor-specific antibodies were found in 10 of 16 (63%) recipients who had lost their transplant within 2 months, and in 17 of 28 (61%) patients with functioning transplants at 2 months.No correlation was found between the development of B lymphocyte antibodies (either against the panel or the donor) and the onset of an acute rejection episode. In the 17 patients with a successful transplant and donor-specific antibodies, six (35%) had not experienced a rejection episode and another seven patients developed their antibodies after the appearance of the first rejection episode.Thus, our results show that the appearance of donor-specific B lymphocyte antibodies after transplantation is not indicative of graft failure or predictive of acute rejection episodes. However, the common occurrence of such antibodies raises questions concerning the nature of the antigenic stimulus, the specificity of the antibodies, and their role (if any) in transplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Renal allografts were performed between and among animals from three herds of miniature swine that were selectively inbred to homozygosity at the major histocompatibility complex, MSLA. The results suggest several genetic factors which influence the survival of renal allografts in these animals. As expected, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was of dominant importance, and all MSLA-mismatched grafts were rejected promptly (12 $PT 3.7 days). Some MSLA-matched grafts were also rejected (30 $PT 15.0 days), indicating thatnon-MSLAloci also determine antigens which can lead to kidney rejection. Other MSLA-matched grafts were accepted indefinitely. At least one immune response gene that determined ability to reject kidneys across non-MSLA differences seemed to be segregating in our swine population. Animals that had accepted MSLA-matched renal grafts for extended periods demonstrated markedly prolonged survival of subsequent donor skin grafts compared to skin graft survival across the same non-MSLA difference in normal animals. This finding suggests that failure to reject kidneys across non-MSLA differences indicates systemic tolerance, and that there may be a relationship between the induction of such tolerance and the proposed immune response gene controlling rejection.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Renal allografts were performed in miniature swine that were identical at their major histocompatibility locus and were presensitized by skin grafts from their prospective renal donors. All of these renal grafts were rejected in a hyperacute or markedly accelerated manner compared to the survival of comparable grafts in nonsensitized animals. Studies directed at the mechanism of this rejection revealed no circulating recipient antidonor antibodies by several serological assays. In contrast, mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) and cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) assays demonstrated marked recipient antidonor lymphocyte reactivity that appeared after skin grafts, diminished during the tenure of the renal graft in the host circulation, and reappeared after removal of the rejected kidney. These results suggest that cellular immune mechanisms may plan a role in the accelerated rejection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-identical renal allografts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A comparative study of allograft reaction against heart, thyroid, and skin allografts was performed using inbred congenic mouse strains. Neonatal hearts were grafted into pinna of the mouse ear, adult thyroid glands were transplanted under the kidney's capsule, and pieces of adult skin were grafted orthotopically on the dorsal side of the recipient mice. A specific mouse strain combination was chosen to serve as donors and recipients for the transplants, namely, the C57BL/6 (H-2b) and the mutant strain B6.C-H(Z1) (H-21ba), which differs in a point mutation in the K or IA region of the major histocompatibility complex. In this strain combination, an acute skin graft rejection takes place without the production of antibodies.Reciprocal skin grafts performed between C57BL/6 and B6.C-H(Z1) mice are rejected within 12 to 15 days post-transplantation, similar to the time required for the rejection of skin grafts incompatible at multiple histocompatibility loci.In contrast, neonatal cardiac transplants from C57BL/6 donors grafted to B6.C-H(Z1) recipients and vice versa were exempted from immune injury even 40 days after the transplantation, and similar results were obtained using adult thyroid transplants. Thyroid and cardiac allografts incompatible at multiple histocompatibility loci were rejected within 8 and 15 days post-transplantation, respectively. We discuss the unique antigenic characteristics of heart and thyroid grafts versus skin grafts and the possible involvement of different immune mechanisms which may explain the survival of heart and thyroid transplants compared with skin grafts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Whole antiserum, IgG, and a >99% pure F(ab)2preparation were compared for their ability to enhance Lewis renal allo-grafts in DA recipients. Despite having unimpaired antigen-binding capacity, the DA anti-Lewis F(ab)2was virtually ineffective at the highest dose tested, and was calculated to be a minimum of 100 times less effective than whole antibody. The administration of a 10-fold excess of F(ab)2before an effective dose of IgG did not block the enhancing effect of the latter.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We analyzed the effect of blood transfusion (BT) on kidney allograft survival in 163 recipients. Transfused recipients (121) had better graft outcome than those never transfused (42), the difference being statistically significant at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months; however, the transfused group had a longer period of hemodialysis (P= 0.01). HLA antigen distribution does not bias the data. The group who had received the last BT within 3 months before grafting had a significantly better graft outcome than the nontransfused group (P< 0.05 at 3, 6, and 24 months). They also did better (but not significantly) than the group who had been transfused more than 6 months before grafting. The group receiving two to five BTs had the highest rate of graft survival (P< 0.05, 0.001, and 0.05 at 6, 12, and 24 months) as compared to the nontransfused. Practical suggestions for systematic BTs during hemodialysis are made.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The fate of 42 kidney grafts taken from heart-beating, ventilated donors at the same time as removal of the liver for allografting is reported, and is compared with 50 kidney grafts taken from heart-beating, ventilated donors whose ventilators were electively switched off either during or immediately before kidney removal.The fate of 32 kidney grafts taken from donors classified as “dead on arrival” at the admitting hospital is also reported.Onset of life-supporting graft function was significantly ear lier among kidneys from the “liver donor” group. Consequently, immediate postoperative dialysis requirements were significantly less in recipients of this group of kidneys.Early graft survival, the incidence of graft primary nonfunction, failure of first and second kidney grafts, and recipient survival were not significantly different when comparing liver donor and “ventilator switch off” kidneys.No constant relationship was apparent in any donor group between graft fate and the anoxic and ischaemic times the graft was exposed to during organ removal and reimplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID