摘要:

SUMMARYImmunological surveillance of 10 human renal allograft recipients was undertaken through serial study of lymphoblastoid cells in their peripheral blood. These cells were identified by their spontaneous uptake of3H-thymidine. Two methods were used. In the first, 108lymphocytes were cultured in 3 ml of media and plasma. In the second, 0.05 ml of blood was cultured in 2 ml of culture fluid. Results obtained with both methods allowed for the recognition and prediction of impending allograft rejection crises and for judging the adequacy of immunosuppressive therapy for these crises. The micromethod correlated with the method using 106cells (r=0.82, significant at 0.001 level). Monitoring of lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin was of no value in evaluating efficacy of immunosuppression.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYWith the aid of data pooled from 51 transplant centers, a total of 83 human kidneys stored by simple hypothermia with and without initial perfusion were evaluated. Of the 81 shared kidneys for which data could be collected, only 4 cases of nonfunctioning kidneys were reported. Collins' solution and Ringer's lactate solution were found to yield superior results to surface cooling at periods under 15 hr of cold ischemia. Of kidneys stored in Collins' C-4 solution for 7-14 hr during transcontinental transport, 10 of 12 functioned immediately and 2 functioned after an initial brief period of oliguria. Immediate function was obtained in spite of warm ischemia times of 15-25 min using C-4 solution in 6 out of 7 transplants.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYIn the absence of earlier reported success in the free grafting of autogenous skeletal muscle to orthotopic sites, the present investigation varied the grafting procedure in two ways. First, only complete muscle bellies were transplanted so that the full length of all constituent muscle fibres were included in the graft. Secondly, each complete muscle entity was denervated 14-21 days before transplantation so that the resultant enzyme changes might alter the muscle metaboism to a more economic level of aerobic type (increasing vascularity). By this change, the transplant might better survive the initial period of ischaemia and become more effectively vascularized by direct anastomosis of graft and host vessels at the recipient site. In 8 dogs, when 20 free autogenous grafts of skeletal muscle were applied as orthotopic transplants which included the complete muscle belly, microscopic survival occurred in half the grafts but never to more than 5-10% of the original volume of the graft. In 4 dogs, when 8 similar grafts were transplanted 2-3 weeks after preliminary denervation, 6 survived in up to 80% of the original gross volume of the grafts, with histologically normal muscle constituting as much as three-quarters of the surviving graft. A source of innervation limited to one extremity of the graft allowed axonal proliferation to produce reinnervation over a distance of 5 cm of grafted muscle in 6 months. The reinnervation of muscle grafts was confirmed by histological and histochemical investigation, as well as direct electrical stimulation. In a single human patient suffering from facial paralysis, a free graft of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle of the foot was transplanted to the face, 2 weeks after denervation, to reanimate the paralyzed eyelids, with clinically complete success confirmed by electromyography. Histologically normal muscle, the presence of innervating axons, and reinnervated motor end plates were demonstrated in the grafts 8 months after transplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe development of cellular infiltration in skin allografts was studied in mice by isolating the cells enzymatically. Lymphocytes, macrophage-like cells, neutrophils, reticular cells, “basophilic cells,” and mast cells were found. The absolute numbers of various cell types infiltrating a standard skin graft were counted 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after grafting. As controls, cells infiltrating 8-day-old isografts and those present in normal donor skin samples of similar size were isolated. A striking increase in the number of infiltrating cells, predominantly lymphocytes, was found between the 4th and 6th days after grafting. Infiltrating cells from an 8-day-old allograft resembled those from a corresponding isograft, but they were much more numerous in the former.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe antitumor enzyme L-asparaginase exerts an antiproliferative action against asparagine synthetase-deficient tissues by depleting circulating L-asparagine. L-Asparaginase and L-glutaminase completely suppress in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis at doses of 0.1-1.0 international units (IU)/ml. L-Asparaginase suppresses both humoral and cellular primary immune responses including organ allograft rejection in vivo. Since this enzyme is immunosuppressive and not myelosuppressive, its use in man should be considered in the preventive therapy of organ allograft rejection. Also, the finding that specific amino acid depletion is immunosuppressive should encourage investigation of the amino acid requirements of lymphoid tissue and other approaches to amino acid depletion or antagonism in chemical immunosuppression.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYIntact and splenectomized mice were given full thickness skin allografts and tetanus toxoid and then treated with several immunosuppressive agents singly and in combination. Both allograft rejection and humoral antibody production were suppressed in a similar proportion of animals by similar treatment protocols. Splenectomy potentiated depression of the cellular and humoral response in mice treated with one agent. A radiosensitive cell essential to humoral and cellular immunocompetence may have been the common target affected in both types of immunosuppression.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYAmong antisera prepared with subcellular fractions of thymus, spleen, and lymph node cells, antiserum to thymus ribosomal fraction was most effective in prolonging the survival time of skin allografts in mice. Antiserum to spleen ribosomal fraction showed only minimal immunosuppressive effects.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYCombination techniques of continuous pulsatile perfusion followed by flushing with electrolyte solution and storing in slush are shown to be satisfactory methods of preserving and shipping human cadaveric kidneys for transplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThree tissue-typing workshops were organized to coordinate and evaluate tissue typing in the Southeastern Regional Organ Procurement Program. Although all participating laboratories employed a cytotoxic assay, considerable variability among protocols was found at the first workshop, resulting in poor correlation of results. In the later workshops a standard protocol was followed by all participants, and improvements in reproducibility and degree of interlab correlations were observed. It was concluded that even minor variability in technique, whether deliberate or inadvertent, may result in variable typing results.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID