摘要:

Splenomegaly is commonly found in mice bearing tumor grafts. In order to study this relationship further, attempts were made to transfer the splenomegaly to nontumor bearing animals. Splenic extract from two different strains of tumor bearing mice were injected into normal mice of the same strains every other day for varying periods of time. The injected normal mice developed splenomegaly. The induced splenomegaly was transferrable through six successive “generations” of animals. Mice were made hypersplenic and then inoculated with tumor grafts. The splenomegaly had no effect on the growth of the tumor. It was found that the active fraction in the tumor bearing splenic extract was completely destroyed by heating to 65 C for 30 min and dialysis across cellophane against cold water resulted in nearly complete loss of activity. Controls were injected with nromal splenic extract or sham injected with saline. Strain specificities were also tested. Splenic indices were calculated for all mice.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Renal heterotransplant rejection was studied in the dog and pig, an experimental model representing widely divergent phylogenetic species. Whole organ heterograft rejection in these species was characterized by an immediate reaction (pig to dog 10–20 min and dog to pig 2–4 hours) manifested grossly and histologically by congestion, endothelial destruction and hemorrhage. In this model the mechanism responsible for the immediate vascular rejection process was demonstrated to be preformed cytotoxic antibody. Analysis of complement depression following heterotransplantation suggested the possibility of 2 components of rejection, the first directed against red cell antigens and the second against tissue antigens. The pattern of heterograft rejection was not altered by: (1) differences in blood types of the heterotransplanted animals; (2) qualitative differences in erythrocyte cross-matched results; (3) antibody absorption in vivo; (4) immunosuppressive drugs.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

C3H mice injected with spleen cells from C57L donors sensitized against C3H tissue developed greater splenomegaly but neither accelerated nor intensified skin allograft immunity as compared with recipients of nonsensitized cells. Recipients of sensitized cells developed lesser splenic plasmocytic responses. Ferrokinetic changes and focal cellular infiltrations of the liver characteristic of graft-versus-host activity were observed in mice injected with sensitized allogeneic spleen cells. These findings are interpreted as supporting the view that the greater splenomegaly in recipients of sensitized cells is due to graft-versus-host activity rather than greater antigenic stimulation of the recipient.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seven of nine primary 3:4 benzpyrene-induced fibrosarcomata in rats showed temporary slowing of growth or reduction in size following i.p. introduction of Millipore diffusion chambers containing lymph nodes from allogeneic rats, each specifically immunized with a biopsy from the tumour to be treated. Direct i.p. introduction of such lymph nodes did not alter the growth rates of the tumours. Millipore chambers containing lymph nodes from rats immunized with biopsies from tumours other than those being treated were without effect.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Both transplantation immunity (homograft sensitivity) and hemagglutinin response were observed in mice immunized with a skin graft or an injection of various splenic preparation in A/He to CBA strain combinations. Rejection of the first-set skin grafts, at approximately the 10th day after tansplantaion, wast always followed by hemagglutimin production in the recipient serum. Consequently, rejection of the second-set skin grafts (applied 7 days after the first rejection) by the same recipients took place, at approximately the 6th day, in the presence of hemagglutinins. A single injection of intact or disrupted cells resulted in an accelerated rejection of the challenging graft (applied 7 days after injection), yet no hemagglutinins could be detected prior to rejection. Conversely, no accelerated rejection was observed in mice immunized with stored (at 4C for 3days) disrupted spleen cell preparation which, prior to injection, was incorporated into Freund's complete adjuvant, despite the detectable hemagglutinin response at the time of graft challenge. The time difference between the duration of transplantation immunity and the appearance of hemagglutinin indicated that the latter does not seem to play a major role in graft rejection. Thus it was possible, under appropraite experimental condition, to disassociate transplanation immunity from hemagglutinin response.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A method has been described for the evaluation of fluorescentlabeled white cells in skin homograft rejection in mice. A correlation has been observed between the number of fluorescent labeled white blood cells and the time of homograft rejection. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma has been shown to prolong the homograft survival in mice and, in addition, to delay the appearance and reduce the number of fluorescent labeled white blood cells in the graft.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using a panel of congenic resistant mice differng from C57BL/10ScSn at theH-1,H-3,H-4,H-7,H-8,H-9,H-10,H-11,H-12, andH-13 histocompatibility loci, the median survival times of skin allografts from and to C57BL/10ScSn were obtained. The following observations were made: 1. The strengths of the barriers imposed by the non-H-2 histocompatibility loci were quite variable, the median survival times for the various loci ranging from 15 to > 300 days. 2. The reciprocal graft rejections across non-H-2 burriers were often quite differet. BIOBY mice rejected C57BL/10ScSn skin with a median survival time of 15 days. C57BL/10ScSn mice rejected B10BY skin with a median survival time > 250 days. 3. The longer the median survival time, the greater was the range in survival times of individual grafts. 4. The rejection time of females of a given strain was frequently shorter than that of males. 5. Preimmunization with donor thymocytes increased survival of recipients of tumor allografts and, except in the case of the weakest histocompatibility differences, shortened the survival of skin allografts. 6. Injection at intervals of 1 week of 1, 2, and 4 X 105thymocytes was less effective in protecting against a subsequent tumor allograft than 10 times these numbers of cells. However, an additional increase the cell dosage did not further increase the protection. 7. Skin grafted 7 days after immunization was rejected faster than skin grafted 14 days after immunization. Skin grafted after triple immunization was rejected faster than skin grafted after single immunization. 8. The strengths of rejection of skin and tumor across non-H-2 histocompatibility barriers paralleled one another.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A single thymus lobe from a neonatal donor has the capacity to restore primary immunological competence to a thymectomized syngeneic radiation chimaera. If a cytologically marked thymus graft is used the fate of the introduced cells following antigenic stimulation may be studied. Thymus-derived cells can be found in the spleen and lymph-nodes of such mice and furthermore there is a transient but well-defined increase in the proportion of these cells dividing following an injection of sheep red blood cells or application of a skin homograft 30 days after irradiation and thymus grafting. It was found that an even greater proportion of thymus-derived cells divide in response to a second challenge with sheep cells. Similarly, a higher percentage of thymus-derived cells divide in the lymph-nodes draining a second skin homograft.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One-hundred-fifteen allografts of the distal canine stomach were studied. The mean survival times were: 5.1 days in untreated hosts; 5.8 days in hosts that had undergone previous exchange blood transfusion with the donor; 3.2 days in dogs undergoing attempts at immunologic enhancement; and 14.9 days in dogs receiving immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine, Actinomycin C, and prednisolone). Allografts placed into animals that had acted as hosts to previous gastric transplants did not survive as long as those placed into virgin hosts. Transplanted fundic pouches secreted acid normally except during periods of rejection. Secretion returned to normal after successful drug treatment of threatened rejection. Fundic allografts released gastrin following stimulation. Fundic allografts secreted acid in response to endogeous gastrin from both autogenous and allografted antra, as well as in response to exogenous gastrin and histamine. The gastric allograft provides valuable information in the study of mechanisms of gastric secretion.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The immunogenic properties of the following purified antigen preparations were studied: a detergent-soluble-lipoprotein, a phospholipase A-treated-lipoprotein, a succinylated-lipoprotein, and a low-phos-phorus-protein. The three last-named preparations were derived from the detergent-soluble-lipoprotein. All four preparations induced the formation of hemagglutinating antibodies when injected into allogeneic hosts, and sensitized allogeneic hosts against the H-2 antigens of subsequent skin grafts. The detergent-soluble-lipoprotein, the phospholipase A-treated-lipoprotein, and, to a lesser extent, the low-phosphorus-protein also sensitized allogeneic hosts against the non-H-2 antigens of subsequent skin grafts. The time-response curve following injection of detergent-soluble-lipoprotein into allogeneic hosts showed an immune peak at 5–7 days. The level of immunity waned to a low level at 14 days rising to a second peak at 56 days.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID