摘要:

The effect of thiabendazole (TBZ), an anthelmintic, on a mixed leukocyte culture was assessed. Following i.p. administration of TBZ at a dose of 20 mg/kg to C57BL/6 mice, spleen cells were harvested and reacted in a one-way mixed leukocyte culture with irradiated BALB/c stimulator cells. When TBZ was administered 24 hr before the animals were killed, the proliferative response of spleen cells after 5 days in culture was greater than two times that of responder cells from normal, untreated C57BL/6 mice; the reactivity of spleen cells harvested 48 hr after TBZ administration was not statistically different from controls. Although proliferative response of normal responder cells reached a peak on day 6, TBZ treatment 24 hr before the mice were killed caused spleen cells to reach a proliferate peak on day 3. The magnitude of this peak was three times the normal proliferative peak on day 6. The population of spleen cells affected by TBZ is in the plastic-adherent fraction, and the drug effect can be transferred to normal responder lymphocytes by the addition of peritoneal exudate cells from TBZ-treated mice.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Passively introduced IgM alloantibodies of antidonor specificity regularly led to decreased kidney allograft survival times, whereas IgG alloantibodies from the same hyperimmune sera had a specific immunoblocking effect that promoted prolonged allograft survival. These strikingly opposite effects as a function of antibody isotype occurred across both strong H-1 (Ag-B) and moderate non-H-1 histocompatibility barriers. However, IgM and IgG directed against non-H-1 specificities were far more effective, respectively, in either curtailing or prolonging renal allograft survival. In the Fischer to Lewis strain combination, this was reflected in a 4-fold diminution in median survival time of IgM-treated recipients from 115 to 31 days, in contrast to indefinitely prolonged survival of IgG-treated recipients (>350 days). Purified IgG2 alloantibodies proved as effective as the whole IgG fraction in passively promoting long-term renal allograft survival across a strong H-1 barrier. Conflicting data from other sources is evaluated. Possible mechanisms of specific immunoregulation are briefly discussed in relation to antibody properties of specificity, idiotype, class-subclass, and avidity-affinity.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

From a study of 3,171 related donor kidney transplants several points of interest emerged:1. HLA-identical sibling transplants survive at a rate of approximately 85% at 1 year, regardless of whether two, three, or four HLA antigens are identified.2. Offspring donor transplants survive at similar rates, regardless of whether the recipient is a mother or a father.3. Transplants from uncles or aunts survive at similar rates as parental donor transplants.4. Non-HLA antigens contribute approximately 15% to the 1-year kidney transplant failure rate.5. The strength of an HLA haplotype is reflected in a difference of approximately 15% in the 1-year graft survival rate.6. The strength of a single HLA antigen contributes about 4% to the 1-year graft survival.7. The HLA-A or -B loci and antigens of different HLA specificities are roughly of equal immunogenicity.8. The relative strength of HLA antigens in human kidney transplants is best shown in the well controlled situation of related donor grafts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

C3Hf/HeN mice support the progressive growth of most transplanted syngeneic ultraviolet (UV) light-induced tumors following short-term UV exposure whereas nonexposed mice reject these tumors. Because an immunosuppressive role in UV-mediated tumor susceptibility might be suggested by these observations, a comparison of several immunological parameters has been conducted. These include antibody production, proliferation in response to antigenic and mitogenic stimulation, and the generation of cytotoxic effector cells by normal or short-term UV-exposed mice. The results indicate that short-term UV irradiation of mice does not result in any readily detectable alterations of the host's immune system other than the consistent loss of the antitumor response mediating rejection of the transplanted UV-induced tumor.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

When normal mice are exposed for short periods to ultraviolet light (UV), they support the progressive growth of transplanted syngeneic UV-induced tumors. Normal nonirradiated mice almost always reject these tumor implants. The UV-mediated suppression of the antitumor response can be adoptively transferred to normal syngeneic mice with lymphoid cells derived from short-term UV-irradiated donors. Transfer of the suppressive effect is dosage dependent and also appears to require the presence of viable T lymphocytes. Suppressive activity was observed in both the spleen and thymus of UV-irradiated donors. In the preceding paper we have established that UV irradiation does not cause a general depression of testable immune functions. Collectively these data suggest that short-term UV irradiation of mice leads to an increase in suppressor cell activity, thereby causing an inhibition in the host's ability to respond to an antigenic UV-induced tumor. The possible role of this phenomenon in the mechanism of UV carcinogenesis is discussed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Histoincompatibility was analyzed to describe as precisely as possible the sequence of gross morphological events taking place during allograft rejection among closely related conspecifics from a natural population of the bisexual lizard Cnemidophorus tigris. Two types of rejection were noted, depending on whether the grafts were sloughed or not. Abrupt rejection was typically characterized by hemorrhaging of the graft site, scale dissolution, and eventual sloughing of the graft. This process occurred in a graded sequence. Acute rejection occurred from 15 to 20 days, subacute from 30 to 45, and subchronic from 60 to 90. In the gradual form of rejection, the allografts were gradually replaced by host tissue during a period ranging from approximately 100 to 350 days post-transplantation. Such a gradation observed in both the abrupt and gradual categories suggests that large numbers of genes and/or alleles are responsible for the antigenic properties of skin in these lizards.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sera and urine dialysates from niridazole-treated rats were potent inhibitors of the human mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Niridazole itself at low concentrations failed to inhibit the in vitro reaction, and this might indicate that metabolites of niridazole were immunosuppressive rather than the parent compound. The percentage of MLR inhibition was directly related to the dose of niridazole given and increased with the number of treatments administered. Inhibitory factors were present in rat sera collected up to 4 days after the last of three doses of niridazole, but gradually disappeared over the next 3 days. The percentage of MLR inhibition was directly related to the concentration of pooled niridazole serum and niridazole urine dialysate (NUD) included in the MLR culture, and the latter was the more potent source of active metabolites. MLR's were completely suppressed when NUD (10% v/v) was added before or 30 min after mixing allogeneic cells, but at 3 hr and subsequently, no inhibition occurred. Thus the active factor appeared to interfere with events occurring early in the antigen recognition phase of the MLR. Pretreatment of either responder or stimulator lymphocytes with NUD suppressed subsequent MLR stimulation, suggesting that the active factor was absorbed nonspecifically onto lymphocytes and prevented interactions at the surface membrane. Vigorous washing of NUD-blocked lymphocytes did not restore MLR reactivity, although the washings from this procedure did contain an agent able to inhibit the MLR. Since niridazole metabolites inhibit in vitro sensitization to alloantigens, a clinical use for this agent in preventing allograft rejection is suggested.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Anti-antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) antibody response was measured every day during and after ALG treatment in 52 recipients of renal allografts. IgM antibodies became detectable in 37 patients, usually at day 8 and IgG antibodies appeared 3 days after the IgM in 21 of 37 cases. Of 30 transplant crises recorded between days 6 and 11, 20 coincided with the onset of the antibody response, and the incidence of crises during this period was higher among antibody producers than among nonproducers. In 31 patients a partial or total unresponsiveness to ALG could be achieved. Transplant survival at 3 months was better in this group than among good responders (P < 0.01). Anti-ALG antibody response may then be usable as an early indication of individual differences in reactivity against transplant antigens.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1977

数据来源: OVID