摘要:

Transplantation antigenic activity was detected in the medium in which rabbit spleen cells had been cultivated in tissue culture. The antigenic material passed easily through a Millipore filter and could be recovered by ultracentrifugation. When injected i.d. into a recipient rabbit the antigenic material was consistently able to induce transplantation immunity as indicated by the accelerated rejection of a test skin homograft from the donor of the cultured spleen. That the antigenic activity was specific for the spleen donor could be demonstrated by histologic comparison of test skin homografts from the spleen donor and from an indifferent donor applied to the same antigen recipient. The antigenic preparation had no effect when injected back into the spleen donor. In its crude form the antigenic material was obtained as a fine suspension which was non-toxic upon i.v. infusion. Antigenic activity was stable to heating to 56 C, to freezing and thawing three times, to lyophilization, to storage at 4 C for 7 days, to pH 4.5, and to the action of trypsin. Detectable antigenicity was destroyed by heating to 90 C, by storage at 37 C for 4 days, by pH 12, and by exposure to periodate ion. The antigen appeared to be significantly more stable than several transplantation antigens recently extracted from mouse tissues by other workers.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Lethally irradiated, 1C3FJ mice treated with homologous (LAF1or B6D2F1) irradiated (400 r in vivo) bone marrow cells (BMC) survived 90 days as well as did those treated with similar unirradiated BMC. All surviving chimeras from both groups had exclusively donor-type erythrocytes at 90 days. All chimeras tested (19, representing both groups) had donor-type lymph node cells in the 4th month after transplantation. Ten additional survivors, tested 10 months after irradiation and treatment, retained lymph node and red cell transplants. 2. Data were not obtained that would suggest sublethal irradiation of donor BMC suppresses secondary disease. The present findings are in agreement with cited data that the radiosensitivity of immunologically competent cells is similar to that of hemopoietic cells. 3. Thirty-seven chimeras were tested for the presence of recognizable chromosomal aberrations. These were found to be more frequent in the recipients of irradiated marrow than in the recipients of unirradiated marrow. Cloning of cells containing aberrations, evident in both groups, was also more frequent in the animals treated with irradiated marrow.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A series of 22 outbred dogs has been subjected to therapy with BW 57–322 in conjunction with pulmonary homografting to achieve suppression of the immunological reaction. Of the 22 dogs, 4 were unaffected by the therapy, 10 were affected as manifest by an attenuation of the homograft response and by qualitative histological changes, and 5 had no morphological evidence of a homograft rejection. One of these dogs is surviving with a structurally normal lung at 238 days post-grafting. Certain unique histological lesions in the grafts undergoing an attenuated homograft response and in the host's own lung are described.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A breeding colony of C57BL/6J females mated with DBA/2J males was examined to determine the incidence and mechanism of the development in the females of hemagglutinins to paternal antigens. It was demonstrated that pregnancy rather than cohabitation is a necessary condition for the appearance of these antibodies. The hemagglutinin titers for paternal erythrocytes vary in an individual female mouse. Females strongly positive after a given pregnancy may appear as negative after the next and then positive again after another. Hemagglutinin titers were recorded during a single pregnancy in each of four females which were strongly positive immediately prior to pregnancy. The titer “disappeared” during the 3rd week of pregnancy, but reappeared by 1 week postpartum. No evidence of fetal disease or decreased fertility in the female was found as a result of sensitization.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Variability at loci controlling histoincompatibility within lines of chickens inbred since 1939 was studied using the graft-versus-host reaction in embryos and the homograft reaction in mature males. In some experiments the donors and hosts were characterized for the erythrocyte antigens controlled by theA, B,andCblood group loci. It was found that donor-host differences at theBblood group locus led to massive spleen enlargement in embryos and the prompt rejection of homografts. Neither theAnorCloci appeared to influence either reaction. However, genetic loci other than the loci studied influenced homograft rejection but not the graft-versus-host reaction. This suggests that the homograft reaction may be the more sensitive to minor histocompatibility differences. Over twenty generations of intensive inbreeding, as practiced in these lines, has not produced complete histocompatibility.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Proliferation of injected B.N.-strain lymphoid cells in neonatal Lewis rats suffering from runt disease has been investigated by means of sex chromosome differences. Throughout the course of the disease (4–21 days) dividing donor cells were present in large numbers in the lymph nodes of recipient rats, were much less common in the spleen, and rare in the thymus and bone marrow. The severity of the disease was roughly correlated with the frequency of dividing donor cells. Donor cell proliferation was a significant factor in lymph node enlargement, but splenomegaly largely resulted from proliferation of host cells. The interaction of host and donor lymphoid populations appears fundamental in the pathogenesis of runt disease, but the exact mechanism of death remains unknown.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Under conditions where mice are particularly vulnerable to the reawakening of immunity against allogeneic skin grafts by systemically administered living spleen cells it was not possible to evoke a secondary response with lyophilized spleen or kidney. Nor was it possible to initiate a primary response with as much as one spleen equivalent of lyophilized material. This is interpreted as further evidence that humoral isoantibodies of the type elicited by lyophilized tissues are not responsible for the normal rejection of allogeneic skin grafts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Single 1-day-old C3H spleen grafts in adult splenectomised (AKR X C3H)F1mice grew to a larger size and contained more lymphoid tissue than grafts in sham-operated mice. In splenectomised hosts, individual spleen grafts attained a progressively smaller size in hosts grafted with 6 and 12 spleen grafts per animal. Thus the total mass of spleen graft tissue in such animals reached a plateau which approximated the weight of the normal spleen in such animals. Similar results were obtained with AKR spleen grafts in AKR mice and with C57BL spleen grafts in (AKR X C57BL) F1hybrid mice. In sham-operated hosts a similar tendency for a reduction in individual spleen graft size after multiple grafting was also noted. Total spleen mass appears to be under positive regulation by the body but the mechanisms involved are unknown.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One of the hazards of foreign bone marrow transplantation is the development of a graft-versus-host reaction, the severity of which is determined by the number of immunologically competent cells in the bone marrow. Selective elimination of the immunologically active cells by pretreatment of the cell suspensions would add to the applicability of bone marrow transplantation.A test system has been developed which permits the semiquantitative estimation of elimination rates of hemopoietic cells and immunologically competent cells in mixtures of the two cell types. The system involves the determination of complete cell dose-effect curves demonstrating the protective and killing effect of the two cell types in lethally irradiated mice.The inactivating effect of storage at 4 C was found to be more pronounced for immunologically competent cells than for hemopoietic cells, selectivity factors of 2.5–10 being obtained.It has been shown that unequivocal demonstration of selective elimination of this order of magnitude requires elaborate experiments because of the variations inherent in this type of test system.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies were made on the mechanism by which humoral antibodies inhibit the immune response against tumor grafts in allogeneic systems and against bacterial antigens, with the specific aim of differentiating between a central antibody effect at the host level and a. peripheral effect at the antigenic level. It was demonstrated that anti- body-coated tumor cells were enhanced in allogeneic hosts compared to uncoated cells inoculated into the same hosts. This indicated that the antibodies acted primarily at the tumor cell level. Attempts were:made to inhibit the capacity of normal lymphoid cells to produce anti-bodies againstSalmonella adelaideflagellar antigen by treating the cells in vitro with humoral antibodies directed against the bacteria.Lethally irradiated recipients inoculated with isologous normal lymphoid cells treated with anti-Salmonella serum in vitro, produced anti-Salnibnella antibodies to the same extent as did recipients given untreated lymphoid cells. A prolonged contact between lymphoid cells and antibodies did not result in decreased ability to produce antibodies lymphoid cells taken from recipients given anti-Salmonella serum 11 days previously were fully competent to produce antibodies when transferred to irradiated isologous recipients, which were subsequently injected with Salmonella antigen. However, inhibition of the immune response regularly occurred when the bacteria were coated with specific antibody in vitro prior to their inoculation. Thus, it was not possible to demonstrate an antibody-induced depression of the immunological response of lymphoid cells, whereas successful inhibition was found of the peripheral pathway in the same experimental system.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1964

数据来源: OVID