ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Biliary complications following liver transplantation continue to present major difficulties. Damage to the biliary tract has been reported after preservation of the liver before transplantation. Studies in the rabbit are reported that confirm the extensive biliary autolysis during preservation. This damage is directly related to the presence of bile in the biliary tract and can be reduced by the washout of bile and biliary perfusion.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of HLA matching on the success of cadaver renal allografts was examined utilizing computerized multifactoral analysis in a large single renal transplant center. One hundred ninety-one consecutive cadaver transplant recipients (from January 1968 to August 1975) were followed from 21/2to 9 years. During the period surveyed we had not utilized the tissue typing results in a prospective manner to select recipients. The data presented attest to the beneficial effect of utilizing well matched cadaver grafts. HLA matching of two or more antigens results in significantly superior 2− and 4-year patient survival and graft function compared to results for cadaver kidneys matched for zero and one HLA antigen. The results are not greatly influenced when age, sex, or time of transplant are controlled. The importance of tissue typing is particularly clear if higher doses of antilymphoblast globulin (ALG) are administered. The risk inherent in advancing recipient age is markedly reduced by better transplant matches. Graft function is also superior in the diabetic patients receiving good HLA matches, but there are too few patients to make these results statistically significant.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In “standardized” one-way mixed lymphocyte cultures, a pool of blood lymphocytes from randomly chosen Chinese subjects was a significantly stronger stimulus to Caucasian responder lymphocytes than was a pool of allogeneic cells from Caucasians. In contrast, Chinese lymphocytes did not respond more strongly to Caucasian cells than to Chinese cells. This could not be explained by an inherent racial difference in the capacity of blood lymphocytes to undergo blastogenesis. The implications of these findings for organ transplantation and routine testing of cell-mediated immune function are discussed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using an in vitro quantitative clonal culture technique of bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (colony-forming units culture (CFU-c)), we studied the hematopoietic toxicity of azathioprine after unilateral and bilateral ureteral ligation, unilateral and bilateral nephrectomy, and splenectomy in C57BL/6 mice. Analysis of femoral bone marrow 18 hr after i.p. injection of azathioprine (300 mg/m2) revealed increased CFU-c toxicity in comparison to controls as follows: (1) bilateral ureteral ligation,P< 0.01; (2) bilateral nephrectomy,P< 0.01; (3) unilateral ureteral ligation,P> 0.05 < 0.1; (4) unilateral nephrectomy,P, not significant; and (5) splenectomy,P, not significant. Extrapolation from a dose-response curve for the toxicity of azathioprine on the bone marrow CFU-c indicated that bilateral ureteral ligation and bilateral nephrectomy had the effect of a 25 to 50% increase in the azathioprine dose. After bilateral ureteral ligation, serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels were increased and in vitro tritiated thymidine suicide studies showed an increased proliferative rate of the CFU-c. Since azathioprine is a predominantly cell cycle-specific agent, we suggest that increased sensitivity to azathioprine is related to the increased proliferative rate of the CFU-c. The findings provide a rationale for a clinical policy of azathioprine reduction when there is depressed renal function.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The influence of subregions of the canine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on renal allograft survival is assessed in recipients without immunosuppressive therapy. Results in six beagle littermate donor-recipient pairs in which the donor or recipient had a recombination in the MHC are compatible with the concept of a predominant role for the subregion containing the major mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) locus in determining allograft survival. Results in unrelated mongrel dogs indicate that compatibility for MLR induces a longer kidney allograft survival than compatibility for the serologically defined (SD) antigens. However, the effect of combined matching for MLR and SD antigens in unrelated donor-recipient pairs is slight in comparison to the effect of MLR and/or SD matching in littermate-related dogs. This indicates that other important histocompatibility systems probably exist in this species.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An attempt is made to define the importance of non-SD (serologically defined) and non-LD (lymphocyte-defined) antigens in kidney allograft survival in nonimmunosuppressed dogs. In beagles, graft survival is prolonged by SD and LD matching in littermate donor-recipient pairs, but to a lesser extent in similarly matched nonlittermate donor-recipient combinations.More differences for non-SD and non-LD antigens (presumably minor histocompatibility antigens) in nonlittermates are probably responsible for the shorter survival times in this group. The cumulative effect of these differences is comparable to major histocompatibility differences since the survival times of the SD- and LD-matched nonlittermate kidneys are similar to the survival times of kidneys from littermate donors mismatched for one haplotype of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). SD and LD matching is even less effective in unrelated mongrels than in nonlittermate beagles. This may be attributable to a greater heterogeneity of non-SD and non-LD systems in mongrels, or inaccuracies in the current dog LD and SD typing. Immunogenetic analysis of the 17% incidence of prolonged kidney allograft survival in MHC-identical littermate donor-recipient pairs provides a rough impression of the polymorphism of relevant minor histocompatibility systems in beagles in our colony (for instance, three systems with three alleles each may explain the results). Sex-linked histocompatibility systems do not seem to play a role in unimmunized nonimmunosuppressed recipients. It is stressed that care should be taken to extrapolate observations obtained in a model without immunosuppression to models or situations in which such agents are used.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sera of 58 recipients of renal allografts were studied for the presence of antibodies against cell cultures of human B lymphoid cell lines (B-LCL) and bovine erythrocytes (BRBC). Cytotoxic anti-B-LCL antibodies were found in 13% of the sera from recipients with the grafts and in 67% of the sera obtained after removal of the rejected grafts. Most of these sera also contained BRBC lysins of high titers. Absorption studies showed that the anti-B-LCL antibodies are directed against antigens shared by BRBC and that they can be absorbed with corresponding graft tissues. The specificity of BRBC lysins found in some of the transplantation sera was shown to be similar to that of Han-ganutziu-Deicher antibodies.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Evidence is presented that in rats the subcutaneous site can extend privilege to both major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-incompatible (FI × DA)F1→ FI and MHC-compatible LEW → FI skin allografts, approximately doubling the median survival time of similar grafts transplanted orthotopically.Unlike graft dosage, “gene” dosage was an important variable in that grafts from (FI × DA)F1donors significantly outlived those from DA strain donors.Prior splenectomy of the hosts did not prejudice the capacity of their subcutaneous sites to extend privilege. It was found that the hemagglutinin response incited by subcutaneous grafts was significantly delayed compared with that evoked by similar grafts transplanted orthotopically or intraperitoneally. This observation, coupled with our inability to demonstrate the passage of India ink to regional lymph nodes after its injection into the dermis of established subcutaneous grafts of syngenic skin, is consistent with the concept that poor endowment of the subcutaneous milieu with both blood and lymph vessels is the principal factor underlying its hospitality to allografts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eight normal donors were serially tested over a period of 1 to 7 months for their in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness (IVLR) to 50 μg of concanavalin A (Con A) per ml.3H-Thymidine incorporation was monitored by routine scintillation counting and compared to actual numbers of proliferating cells (lymphoblasts) as measured by laser (flow) cytometry. Determination of total cell numbers or lymphoblast numbers was found to be superior (P< 0.0001 andP< 0.001, respectively) to3H-thymidine incorporation as a measure of serial stability.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID