ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

About 80% of the total cellular H-2 antigen is present at the surface of normal lymphocytes, lymphoma, and ascites sarcoma cells. This is established by comparing antibody neutralization by intact living cells and by cell homogenates.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Transplantation of homologous bone marrow of mice following supralethal doses of whole-body irradiation was followed by a high incidence of death due to “late disease” presumably resulting from the production of antibodies against the host by immunologically competent elements of the transplanted bone marrow. The incidence of secondary disease was somewhat lower if the bone marrow donors were pretreated with cortisone, nitrogen mustard, or both. Such pretreatment decreased the number of lymphocytes in the bone marrow and reduced the levels of circulating γ-globulin. Treatment of the recipients with cortisone subsequent to bone marrow transplantation had little effect.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Detailed blood typing studies and investigations for the presence of atypical antibodies were carried out in 52 medical students who had served as recipients of leukocytes or their fractions, and of skin grafts from the corresponding donors. Since no attempt had been made to match donors and recipients in regard to the various blood types, an opportunity was afforded to assess incompatibilities between different antigens in terms of time required for skin graft rejection. Measurements for atypical agglutinins were also carried out to assess the possibility that they were formed in response to certain donor-recipient blood group differences. The presence of such antibodies were correlated with the fate of the transplanted skin graft. The following systems were studied: ABO, Rr, Le2, MNSs, P, K, Fy2, Jka, and Lua. Methods for detecting complete and incomplete antibodies before and after transplantation were utilized. Under the present experimental conditions of individual-specific sensitization of recipients, delayed or accelerated rejection of grafts was found generally to be independent of: (1) the nature and number of incompatibilities between the blood groups of donor and recipients caused by the grafting of the skin alone, or preceded by sensitization with intact leukocytes or their fractions; (2) the presence of atypical antibodies formed in recipients in response to the sensitization and grafting procedures. Incompatibility against the ABO system was of possible significance in graft rejection, based upon a relationship of dosage effect to rejection in a limited number of graft recipients.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Skin grafts on specifically sensitized mice vary in histologic appearance. They show either: (1) no vascularization, and are usually referred to as white; (2) engorgement, hemorrhage, epithelial necrosis, and absence of lymphocytic infiltration; or (3) marked lymphocytic infiltration and a well preserved or hyperplastic epithelium. Because of their distinctive appearance in hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections, the hemorrhagic-necrotic type has been referred to by us as “red,” and the lymphocytic-hyperplastic type as “blue.” Blue grafts reflect a fairly weak, and red grafts a strong host response; white grafts reflect a particularly intense host response. The type of second-set grafts is determined by the immune response to the total number of donor antigens, which in turn is determined by the sum total of the histocompatibility differences between donor and host. Only theH-2locus is of sufficient strength by itself to elicit white grafts, but other loci in combination with each other can have the same effect. With immune responses of less intensity, there are fewer white and more red grafts, or fewer red and more blue grafts, respectively. Differences in allelic strength also are reflected in the white: red: blue ratio; a specific donor-host combination may result in predominantly blue grafts while reciprocal grafts are predominantly red. No data are available at present which would indicate that the variations in histologic appearance of second-set grafts result from differences in immune pathways.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this study the specific immunological tolerance of donor cells towards the host tissue antigens in allogeneic mouse irradiation chimeras was investigated. It has been shown that transfer of bone marrow cells from these chimeras into irradiated mice of the original bone marrow-donor strain results in a loss of tolerance. However, transfer of spleen cells or bone marrow cells together with lymph node cells results in a prolonged state of tolerance towards the tissue antigens of the first host, as could be demonstrated with skin-grafts. These transfer experiments make it probable that for the maintenance of the tolerance within the lymphatic cell population no antigens are necessary. Mice inoculated with a tolerant lymphatic cell population gradually lose their tolerant state, the loss being ascribed to a gradual replacement of the tolerant population by non-tolerant cells originating from the transferred bone marrow. Thymectomy was therefore used as a method of preventing the transferred bone marrow from replacing the transferred tolerant population of lymphatic cells. The results with thymectomized hosts showed, that those mice which received only chimera bone marrow had a general nonreactivity to allogeneic tissue antigens, whereas the mice which received bone marrow and lymphatic cells from the tolerant chimeras showed a lasting and specific nonreactivity (tolerance) to the antigens of the first host. Thymocytes were only effective in maintaining the tolerant state when they were transplanted into thymectomized hosts.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Autografts and homografts were performed in normal and hypervitaminotic A rabbits. In normal animals successful “take” and rejection, respectively, followed their usual course. Autografts and homografts in hypervitaminotic A rabbits were rejected by a peculiar type of reaction grossly reminiscent of the “white graft”. The significant histological findings were lack of adherence between graft and host tissues and paucity of blood vessels in the granulation tissue of the graft bed. The mechanisms(s) underlying autograft rejection in hypervitaminotic A rabbits is unknown. Some effects of vitamin A and their possible relationship to wound healing are discussed. It is presumed that profound metabolic alterations caused by vitamin A overdosage are responsible for the particular phenomenon described.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The H-2 phenotype determined byH-2o, a new allele derived from a recombination betweenH-2dandH-2k, has been analyzed for 21 of the 25 defined H-2 specificities by direct hemagglutination, by absorptions and by immunizations. The recombinant allele determines specificities 1(A), 3(C), 5(E), 8(H), 29(C′), 31 (Ed) and 32(Dk). The results of this crossover support the previous recombination maps of theH-2region, extend them to include additional specificities, and newly define a separable genetic determinant for factor 5(E). One anomalous immunization result raises the possibility either of unequal crossing over or of alteration of one antigenic specificity as a result of recombination.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1966

数据来源: OVID