摘要:

In this study the effect of intradermal injections of extracts of bovine and ovine spleens on the survival of full thickness allogeneic skin grafts in clogs was investigated. The bovine splenic extracts were shown to be antigenic by virtue of their ability to induce hyper-gammaglobulinemia, elevated passive hemogglutinin tilers, and Arthus reactions in treated dogs. The median survival time of grafts in untreated control clogs was 9.1 ± 0.5 days. The median survival time of grafts in dogs treated with heterologous splenic extracts beginning on the day of grafting was prolonged to 13.0 ± 0.4 days, while the median survival time in dogs pretreated with the same extracts for 3–6 weeks before grafting was prolonged to 19.4 ± 0.5 days. This newly described phenomenon seems to be best explained as an example of antigenic competition although the possibility of other interpretations such as active enhancement or reticuloendothelial blockade has not been ruled out.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

(A × C57BL/l)F1hybrids were placed in parabiosis with A strain mice. Parabiosis intoxication (PI) subsequently developed in the hybrids, and was associated with a unique bimodal mortality profile with most of the deaths occurring at 1 or 2 weeks after parabiosis. The graft-versus-host reaction (GVHIl) appeared to be a major factor responsible for death of the hybrids in both instances. Lymphopenia, granulocytopenia, and a positive antiglobulin reaction provided further evidence of a. GVHR in PI. Shunting of blood from the hybrid lo the parental partner was followed by a normoblastic hyperplasia and reticulocytosis in the hybrid, which in turn were followed by marrow destruction and a fall in reticulocytes, despite a persistent anemia. The latter phase was similar to the situation in the homologous disease controls. Immunologic depression of the bone marrow is probably a significant etiologic factor in the anemia of PI at a late stage of this condition. As in humans, reticulocytosis can result in false-positive antiglobulin reactions in mice.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG and IgM) were followed in thirteen patients with chronic renal disease, before and after renal allotransplantation. Seven patients had bilateral nephrectomy only; the other six in addition had splenectomy and thymectomy. All received Imuran and Prednisone during the post-transplantation period. Following transplantation the serum IgM level rose more markedly in patients with intact spleen and thymus than in those who had splenectomy and thymectomy. The IgA and IgG levels did not change significantly in both groups. In four patients who showed clinical or histologic evidence of a rejection reaction, the IgM level dropped during the rejection phase and rose again with clinical improvement. The significance of these IgM variations is not clear at the present time. The possible implications of these findings in relation to the role of humoral antibodies in allotransplantation and the graft rejection reaction are discussed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The severe macrocytic anemia of nonirradiatcd adultW/Wvmice be permanently cured by implantation of isogoneic normal hematopoietic cells. In one particularly favorableH-2compatible allogencic combination the anemia ofW/Wvadults has also been completely cured by injection of allogeneic normal (+/+) fetal liver cells. The extremely severe macrocytic anemia of WC/Re-W/Wsurviving adults was also greatly ameliorated by implantation of allogeneic normal WB/Re-+/+ marrow cells. Allogeneic skin grafts between these strains were rejected. Particular characteristics ofWseries anemias, which favor implantation and proliferation of injected normal blood-forming cells, may account for some of the cross-barrier successs obtained with these two allogeneic combinations. Similar and larger injections of normal fetal liver cells into adult anemic recipients had no beneficial effects in four otherH-2compatible allogencic combinations. Under the conditions of these experiments, successful implantation of normal blood-forming tissue must depend upon matching ofH-Sand several other sets of histocompatibility alleles. The histocompatibility barrier between WB/Re and WC/Re differs quantitatively or qualitatively from that involved in the four unsuccessful combinations. Between these two strains only, the histocompatibility difference prevents permanent acceptance of skin grafts but allows acceptance of blood-forming tissue. The failure of implant therapy ofSl/Sldmouse anemia, and relation between intrinsic nature of each hereditary anemia and the possibility of its cure by implantation of normal cells, are also discussed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The proportion of permanently surviving skin grafts from mice of the C57BL/10J strain and from its congenic resistant line, B10.LP, on their F2hybrid progeny is consistent with a P1histocompatibility difference at two or possibly more loci in the Vth linkage group near the agouti locus. Male F2recipients were incapable of rejecting P1skin grafts foreign at certain single alleles, whereas female F2progeny were reactive to grafts foreign at one of these alleles. The increased survival time of grafts to B10.LP hosts from (C57BL/10J x BIO.LP) F1hybrid mice, compared with C57BL/10J donors, is tentatively attributed to a gene dosage effect. Heterozygous grafts were slightly less vulnerable than homozygous grafts to pre-existing immunity, which perhaps indicates the existence of fewer antigen receptor sites on the heterozygous grafts. Female members of both the P1and F2genera-lions consistently displayed a more vigorous pattern of allograft rejection than males.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Antilymphocyte serum has been found to be an effective immunosuppressive agent in prolonging canine renal homograft function. This study is based on the results of administration of antilymphocyte serum to 10 normal dogs without renal homografts and 13 dogs with renal homografts. Studies on the specificity of the antiserum are also reported.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Humoral antibodies have been demonstrated by antiglobulin consumption tests to be present in the serum of virtually all patients after renal homo transplantation. The most completely characterized was a G immunoglobulin distinct from the Forssman antibody which reacts against sheep but not against human red cell antigens, and which absorbs selectively against panels of human liver, kidney or white blood cells. This antibody appeared within a few days or weeks after transplantation, usually shortly after a rejection episode, and was more or less continuously detectable thereafter. The antibody was found in all of 10 patients studied during the first 4 post-transplant months, and in 13 of 14 patients tested from 4 months to more than 2 years after operation. Preliminary observations are included on another humoral antibody which does not react with sheep RBC stromata, but which can also be measured with a modified antiglobulin consumption test. The latter antibody was less commonly demonstrable, but it also exhibited specific absorption characteristics when tested against a panel of leukocytes obtained from volunteers. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the possible value of such sera for histocompatibility typing, as well as the possible role of such antibodies in promoting homograft enhancement.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Antibodies appeared in the sera of rabbits bearing orthotopic grafts of rat skin which were capable of producing a biphasic reaction when injected i.d. in rats. These antibodies were 6.3 S γ-globulins. They were not strain-specific but were responsive to antigens common to the rats of all the three strains that were employed. Skin from male Holtzman rats appeared to be more antigenic when applied as a. graft than that from male Lewis or male BN rats. There were also differences in the ability of the different strains of rats to respond to the skin-reactive antibodies. The best responses were given by female Holtzman rats and in decreasing order by male Holtzman and male Lewis rats. Male BN rats were able to respond in some fashion to the primary phase but were unable to mount a reaction to the secondary phase. The biphasic dermal reaction in rats produced by the rabbit xenograft sera was comparable to that obtained in rats with rabbit antisera to collagenous containing rat tissues lacking basement membranes. As in the latter antisera, there appeared to be two types of antibodies. One of these had an affinity for the “collagenous” antigens in the basement membranes of skin and contributed in part to the primary phase of the reaction. The second type responsible for the secondary phase was thought to be directed against antigens in the ground substance of skin.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The capacities of cells of thymus and bone marrow origin taken from radiation chimaeras to produce antibody during a secondary immune response have been tested in an in vivo transfer system. Although it could be shown that thymus-derived cells respond vigorously by mitosis to antigenic stimulation they were not capable of antibody production. By contrast bone marrow-derived cells did not in the first 3 days respond mitotically to antigenic stimulation but they were capable of limited antibody production. Most antibody was found whenbothcell populations were allowed to react to antigenic stimulation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intralymphatic injection of radioactive chromic phosphate produced a severe destruction of a majority of lymph nodes, and subsequent marked lymphopenia in dogs. Selectivity of radiation was evidenced by histological study of other major organs and blood counts. Antibody production of these animals against human serum albumin was significantly inhibited; however, the reactivity to the allografted heart was not altered.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1967

数据来源: OVID