摘要:

SUMMARYThis new method for intraocular transplantation is based upon holding the graft against the inner surface of the cornea with suture and preventing adhesions between the iris and the transplanted tissue by (1) protecting the graft from contact with the iris during the operation by means of special instruments, irrigating the anterior chamber of the eye with dilute heparin solution during the intraocular manipulations, and (3) restoring the form of the anterior chamber by filling with the dilute heparin solution as the chamber is closed. With this method grafts of homologous tissue (anterior hypophysis) have become established the anterior chamber of dogs, a result unobtainable in this species with current methods of transplantation.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYIn this study the role of the thymus as a possible site of induction and maintenance of specific immune tolerance to cellular alloantigens was investigated. It has been shown that sublethally irradiated mice can be made tolerant by an injection of H-3 incompatible spleen cells into or outside the thymus. When the inoculum was given extrathymically, dividing donor cells were found to penetrate into the thymus if the recipient was either newborn or sublethally irradiated when adult. A direct inoculation into the thymus would thus not be required for an intrathymic action of antigen in tolerance induction in the case of those cellular antigens which seem to possess a natural vehicle.In a second approach to the same problem, strain A mice were lethally irradiated and induced to recover by infusion of syngeneic fetal liver cells. The immature lymphoid cells from the curative inoculum are thymus-dependent and tolerance-responsive. Use has been made of this situation by replacing the recipients' thymus by a syngeneic, but presumably CBA cell-containing, thymus (from donors tolerant to CBA antigens) or by a semiallogeneic thymus (from (A × CBA) F1hybrids). In both cases, the implanted thymus was the only source of CBA antigens for the induction of tolerance in the fetal cells. In the former case, where the “tolerant” thymuses were implanted subcutnneously to the radiation chimeras, only prolonged survival of CBA skin grafts resulted. The implantation of F1hybrid thymuses under the kidney capsule resulted in a high degree of permanent tolerance (i.e., lasting for more than 150 days). Transfer of hybrid lymph nodes to nonthymectomized but splenectomized chimeras resulted in only temporary tolerance while the effect of hybrid spleen was comparable to that of the thymus. A possible explanation of these findings based on a thymus-mediated mechanism of tolerance to cellular alloantigens is suggested.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYIn vitro viability studies (trypan blue) on 21 canine lungs indicated that about 80% of the cells remained viable after 48 hr of storage under hypothermia and hyperbaric oxygen, but that viability had declined sharply by 72 hr.Replantation of the left lung stored by this method was performed in 38 dogs. Ten of 33 animals receiving lungs stored 24 hr were chronic survivors. None of the five dogs receiving lungs stored for a longer interval survived chronically. Seven of the 10 chronic survivors exhibited considerable function of the reimplanted lung as measured by differential bronchospirometry, compliance, and airway resistance tests from 1 to 6 months after reimplantation.The resting cardiac output was not significantly reduced in the chronic survivors studied, but marked pulmonary hypertension developed when the normal right lung was occluded.Contralateral pneumonectomy was performed on six of the chronic survivors. Two lived for 2½ hr and one for 5 hr, all with substantial oxygen uptake by the replanted lung. The major cause of death may have been right heart failure secondary to the pulmonary hypertension which developed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYStrain A mice were rendered tolerant to (A × C57BL/1)F1hybrid tissue by means of a heavy dose of total body X-irradiation and injection of hybrid spleen cells, in order to produce a chimera. These chimeras were then injected with spleen cells from strain A mice; this resulted in a runting syndrome which was characterized by weight loss, hematological depression, and depletion of lymphocytes in the lymphoid tissue. The hematological and pathological changes observed in these animals were similar to those in (A × C57BL/1)F1hybrid mice undergoing runting as a result of the injection of strain A spleen cells, except that the dermatitis and intestinal lesions regularly observed in classical runt disease did not occur in the wasting disease produced in syngenic mice.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYImmunization of dogs with buffy coat cells from unrelated dogs consistently produced cytotoxic antisera which gave strong reactions but were too complex for suitable analysis. Cross immunization of littermate pairs produced cytotoxic antisera only infrequently, and these antisera gave weaker reactions. Four antisera were obtained by sibling immunization. They showed limited specificity as determined by cross absorption studies and typing of canine families. Genetic studies indicated that these antisera recognized independent antigens of dominant inheritance. Testing of lymphocytes from 62 unrelated dogs with these four antisera gave positive reactions with frequencies of 0.55, 0.53, 0.31, and 0.26.In order to evaluate the usefulness of these sera for histocompatibility typing, six litters were typed with the four antisera. A donor was selected from each litter, and an aliquot of marrow was infused into a matched and into a mismatched sibling following 1500r of whole-body irradiation. None of the mismatched recipients lived longer than 14 days. All of the matched recipients lived beyond 40 days, and 4 of the 6 lived more than 100 days.It was concluded that cross immunization of litter mates produced reasonably specific typing sera. These sera were of value in selecting donor-recipient pairs of canine siblings for marrow grafting.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe hematological and the immunological studies of antincutrophilicserum(ANS),and antilymphocytic serum(ALS) show remarkable agreement. Thus,ANS produces its significant effects on stabs and neytrophils whereas ATS has a distinct effect on stabs and neutriphils and, also a very distinct effect on the lymphcyts. ALS produces a significant reduction in blood and marrow neutrophils. Precipitating antibodies to neutrophil antigens are present in both ANS and ATS. No precipitating antibodies have been demonstrable in and about Hassall's corpuseles by immunofluorescent technique.The findings may be of importance in the interpretation of certain experimental results dealing with immunosuppression by means of antisera for white blood cells.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYThe tissue isoantigenic mosaics of five human donors were determined by testing a common panel of human isoantisera, with the use of two techniques: agglutination of peripheral blood leukocytes, and mixed agglutination with tissue culture cells derived from kidney or skin. The antisera used were from multiparous women or immunized volunteers and were known to have leukocyte isoantibodies. Chi-square values were calculated on the reactions of the panel with cells from each of the donors by the two methods. All but one of the values showed a significant association at the 1% level, the other value at the 5% level.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYSpleen cells from 129/JaxHe and C3H/He mice, actively immunized with bovine serum albumin, were transferred to 129/ JaxHe, C3H/He, and F1hybrids of these strains. Grafts of spleen cells from the two strains showed similar patterns of behavior, in that the antibody to bovine serum albumin was detectable for at least 60 days in syngenie recipients when male spleen cells were transferred to male recipients. Females accepted male cells transiently; antibody rarely was present at the 4th week. Parental spleen cells produced antibody for limited periods of 1 month in F1mice. The two mouse strains differed in their responsiveness to certain grafts of skin. Female 129 mice rejected male 129 skin grafts, whereas C3H females appeared to accept grafts of C3H male skin. Such grafted C3H females, however, had an impaired ability to support the functioning of male immune spleen cells. Grafts of lymphoid cells, therefore, provided sensitive indicators of minor degrees of tissue incompatibility.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYStudies performed on 10-day-old immunologically runted mice show normal intestinal transport of monosaccharides and an amino acid, but a marked deficit of intestinal lactase activity. Surprisingly, intestinal sucrase activity is prematurely increased in the runt. It is suggested that lactase deficiency leads to malabsorption of lactose (the main carbohydrate in mouse milk) and acid diarrhea, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of wasting in the infant mouse.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SUMMARYKidney and skin transplantation sera were studied for rheumatoid-like factors by means of latex test and agglutination test with erythrocytes sensitized by human or rabbit antibodies. Of 23 patients with kidney allografts, 9 developed, after grafting, serum factors combining with human γ-globulin and 6 formed factors combining with both human and rabbit γ-globulin. Of 46 recipients who rejected 3 successive skin allografts, 2 produced anti-human γ-globulin factors and 7 formed anti-rabbit γ-globulin factors. Evidence was presented that the anti-γ-globulin activity of transplantation sera is associated with the γM class of immunoglobulins.The anti-human γ-globulin factor could not be inhibited by the patient's own pretransplantation serum but it was inhibited by pretransplantation sera of some other patients and by some normal human sera. In one instance, the donor's serum was available; it failed to inhibit the activity of the recipient's factor. Anti-rabbit γ-globulin factors had somewhat different serological properties in sera of kidney graft and skin graft recipients.The possible mechanism of formation of the rheumatoid-like factors by allograft recipients was discussed.

ISSN:0041-1337    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1968

数据来源: OVID