摘要:

During the emersion phase of the years 1971/72 in three different inundation forests of Central‐Amazonia the carbid and staphylinid fauna was studied. The three inundation forests were: (1) a site in the white water area of the Rio Solimões (Ilha de Curarí), (2) a site in a mixed water area (Lago Janauarí) and in the black water area of the Rio Tarumã Mirím. The “dominant”; species of the two mentioned families of Coleoptera were studied according to the abundance fluctuations and habitat change, by both the formalin pitfall trap method and the direct sampling method. The observed species are classified in six different groups each representing a different inhabiting mode:1.a habitat change tree ‐ soil ‐ tree (Pentacomia egregia, Brachydirus batesi, Scopaeussp. 1, Piestussp.,Meotachys platyderus, Colliurissp. 1.Oxydrepanus?brasiliensis).2.soil dwellers migrating in accordance to the water level changes(Lathrobiumsp.,Meotachyssp. 2).3.soil dwellers surviving the inundation phase by eggs (final proof is lacking).4.tree dwellers, which are rarely found on the soil(Coproporus duplex).5.beetles showing preference for neither the soil nor tree (Thoracophorussp.,Notiobiasp. 2).6.soil dwellers, which come from external sources during the emersion phase, since their population was destroyed completely by the preceding inundation (Paratachyssp,Trogophloeussp. 2).

ISSN:0165-0521    

DOI:10.1080/01650527909360544

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Morphometrical data, feeding habits, sexual maturity stage, weight and otolith morphology ofPolyprion americanus(Serranidae) andSchedophilus griseolineatus(Centrolophidae) are given based on a relatively large number of specimens captured in the Argentine sea during a research trip aboard the R/V “Orient Maru I”;. Temperature and depth for each station are recorded and the relationships of the studied species with others in the area commented. A detailed synonymy and a full bibliography are added. Current knowledge of the biology of both species is scarce.

ISSN:0165-0521    

DOI:10.1080/01650527909360545

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Twenty‐nine samples of marine animals, mainly invertebrates, inhabiting the seaweedSargassum cymosumwere collected in 1967 and 1968, at Ubatuba, Enseada do Flamengo (23° 30’ S and 45°’ 4’ 20”; W). They have been studied qualitatively and quantitatively. The main conclusions are:(1)Out of 19,193 animals, 50.2% were Mollusca, 18.8% Polychaeta, 18.7% Crustacea, 10.6% Echinodermata, and 1.7% various other groups. As most of the Foraminifera, Copepoda, Ostracoda, Nematoda, and Acarina were less than 0.2 mm, none were counted in the total or percentages. This is especially important for the percentage given here for Crustacea.(2)The distribution of frequencies of animals as a function of the hour of sampling shows that there is a strong diurnal migration of the fauna as a whole. Between 6 and 10 h there is a migration down from the seaweed to the rocky substrate, and between 18 and 22 h, the seaweed is again invaded by animals which stay through the night.(3)It is suggested that the animals respond to changes in the concentration of free O2and CO2in the seawater, factors which vary according to the photosynthetic activity of the plants. The descent out of the seaweeds by day, which in certain animals occurs against a positive phototaxy, is considered as a search for food on the surface of the rocks on whichS. cymosumgrows, and this movement is only possible during the day when seaweeds are producing oxygen by photosynthesis.S. cymosumby itself is not used as food, except in a few cases by youngLytechinus variegatus,and never significantly. The invasion of seaweeds by night is necessary for reaching water with more oxygen and less carbon dioxide brought to the upper surfaces of the plant layer by waves.(4)Despite considerable variability, periods of high seasonal densities could be noted for some of the dominant animal species represented in the samples. Most of the populations increased in the spring and continued high during the summer, then began to diminish in autumn to reach their lowest densities in early winter.(5)Mollusca were studied in more detail: Prosobranchia represented 92.8% of the individuals, Opisthobranchia 6.0% and Pelecypoda 1.2%(6)The dominant species wasTricolia affinis(C. B. Adams, 1850), a prosobranch representing 18.1% of the whole community. The diurnal migrations of this species were peculiar in showing late ascent onto the seaweeds in the evening. PerhapsT. affinisis more resistant than other organisms to an increase of CO2or a decrease of O2, and thus can stay on the rocks longer and compete better for food with the rest of the community.

ISSN:0165-0521    

DOI:10.1080/01650527909360546

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0165-0521    

DOI:10.1080/01650527909360543

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor