ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eight hundred seventy-six infusion devices in 707 patients were studied over a 10-week period in a university-affiliated medical center to describe the relationship between selected risk factors and infusion-related phlebitis and to correlate the number and size of particles in I. V. solutions and medications with the incidence of phelebitis. Increased risk of phlebitis was significantly correlated with increased duration of the device (p < 0.01), I. V.s started in the emergency or operating room (p = 0.002), and bacterial colonization of infusion devices (p = 0.0002). Regardless of duration of device, steel needles resulted in lower phlebitis rates than plastic catheters. The authors were unable to correlate particulate counts with phlebitis rates because of the pausity of information available regarding the number and size of particles in I. V. solutions and medications. However, the fact that patients who received no I. V. fluids or medications and those who did had very similar rates of phlebitis in this study suggested that factors other than fluid particulate counts are also important in the development of phlebitis.

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has grown tremendously in the last 10 years so that more and more health care personnel are being asked to assist with the care of such patients. As the use of TPN increased, an expanded knowledge of nutritional requirements led to the development of a wide array of products from which the TPN solutions can be formulated. This review discusses the various categories of these components (proteins, calories, electrolytes, vitamins, trace elements, and drugs) and focuses on some of the major considerations in determining the patient's requirements. Additionally, such controversial areas as the use of specialized amino acid solutions, the use of lipid as a calorie source, and the addition of drugs to the TPN solution are addressed.

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study investigated the effect of the position of the head of the bed on pulmonary artery (PA) and pulmonary capillary wedge (PCW) pressures. A series of four measurements of PA and PCW pressures were obtained with the head of the bed at four levels (0, 20, 45, and 60 degrees). The order of treatments was prerandomized and preassigned. At each level the transducer was leveled to the phlebostatic level and zeroed to atmospheric pressure, and the pressure module calibrated. All 17 subjects studied were mechanically ventilated and had respiratory variation in their PA waveforms. Measurements were done at end-expiration. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and repeated measures statistic. No significant differences were found among the patient positions (p<0.05) in pulmonary artery systolic, diastolic, and wedge pressures. Because reliable measurements of PA and PCW pressures can be obtained in positions other than the flat recumbent position, patients should be positioned in whatever position is optimal for patient care without the need to alter this position for hemodynamic monitoring.

ISSN:0160-3930    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID