摘要:

Over the past year a number of new antifungal agents have been evaluated for use in superficial and deep mycoses. The four main drugs that have dominated the antifungal literature are amorolfine, a topical agent that seems to be effective in vaginal candidiasis and dermatophytosis, terbinafine, which is used mainly in the treatment of dermatophyte infections, and fluconazole and itraconazole, used particularly as empiric treatment in immunosuppressed patients. These studies have been reported and as a consequence the dominant published articles are clinical trials and animal and pharmacokinetic studies. This review introduces the reader to some new developments in antifungal medications in skin and nail mycosis and in empiric therapy in neutropenic patients, emphasizing the diagnostic procedures of superficial and deep fungal infections.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A decade ago, the nosology of bacterial skin and soft tissue infections appeared to be well understood, and their treatment appeared established and effective. During the intervening period, numerous changes have occurred, renewing the challenge of diagnosis and treatment of these infections. A number of social changes as well as the emergence of new pathogens have altered that rather simplistic view. For numerous reasons, several million citizens of the United States are homeless and lack access to facilities fulfilling basic human needs, including health care. The human immunodeficiency virus epidemic is expanding at an uncontrolled rate in all geographic regions; those infected are at risk for more frequent and more severe bacterial infections. Linked with the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic and the problem of homelessness is an increase in the number of cases of tuberculosis. New bacterial pathogens continue to be identified, and the role for known pathogens is expanding,eg, Vibrio vulnificus. Group A β-hemolyticStreptococcus pyogenesis being reported to cause infections with greater morbidity and mortality. Lyme borreliosis is gradually spreading to involve all the continental United States, with approximately 10,000 cases reported in 1991.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Acne is a mutlifactorial disease of the pilosebaceous follicles of the face and upper trunk in which the microorganism,Propionibacterium acnes, is thought to play a central role in the initiation of inflammation.P. acnesis a member of the resident cutaneous microflora and is found in similar numbers on the skin surface and in the pilosebaceous ducts of nonacne subjects, so the disease should not be regarded as an infection. A number of theories have been proposed to explain the role of the organism in the pathogenesis of acne, but conclusive evidence to substantiate any of them is still lacking. However, agents that inhibit the growth of cutaneous propionibacteria are therapeutic, and topical and oral antibiotics remain the most frequently prescribed treatment for acne. More severe cases virtually always respond to therapy with 13-cisretinoic acid. This drug prevents the recurrence of acne in two thirds of patients, but the remaining patients need repeated courses or maintenance on alternative therapies. The highlight of the year under review has been the discovery of bioactive interleukin-1α in the majority of open comedones. The observation that one third of 500 antibiotic-treated acne patients seen in a major dermatology outpatient clinic during 1991 harbor drug-resistant propionibacteria is a cause for concern.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID