ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Tuberculosis is currently one of the most important public health problems in the developing world and has therefore been declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization. The continuing increase in the number of cases in many countries, the association with HIV/AIDS and the difficulties linked with drug-resistant bacilli give rise to concern. In developed countries, tuberculosis is less widespread but is still regarded as a potential source of infection. Measures to avoid transmission to sensitive persons, particularly health-care workers, are currently a subject of intense discussion.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Exposure to opportunistic mycobacteria is unavoidable because they are common in the environment. Fortunately they are low-grade pathogens and some form of lung damage or immunosuppression is usually necessary for infection to progress to disease. Apart from localized lymphadenopathy in children, patients tend to be middleaged to elderly or to be HIV positive. The species most commonly involved are Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium malmoense, Mycobacterium xenopi and the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex. Treatment can be difficult, requiring long periods of chemotherapy, sometimes with toxic drugs.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review considers the latest information concerning the following aspects of staphylococcal endocarditis: increased incidence, hospital-acquiredstaphylococcalendocarditis, clinical features ofstaphylococcus aureusendocarditis,staphylococcus lugdunensisendocarditis, transesophageal echocardiography, short-course antimicrobial therapy of right-sided S.aureusendocarditis in intravenous drug users, and the surgical treatment of active infective endocarditis.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review describes advances in the following areas: the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis, new animal models of osteomyelitis, bedside diagnostic tests for osteomyelitis in diabetic patients, the use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of bone infection, and different regimens for therapy.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The emergence of glycopeptide resistance in enterococci results in a severe clinical problem. Efforts to limit the spread of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci are now considered essential. The many ways in which the resistant strains can disseminate, both in the community and in hospitals, are a source of difficulty in reaching that goal.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Plague and melioidosis are both potentially fatal bacterial infections found mainly in the tropics. Up to 2000 cases of plague are reported to the World Health Organization each year, although this is probably inaccurate. Melioidosis is known to be prevalent in north-east Thailand and northern Australia, but we have little idea of its true worldwide importance. Molecular techniques are improving our understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of both diseases and providing new, rapid diagnostic tests. Clinical trials are helping to define the role of new β lactams such as ceftazidime and co-amoxiclav in the management of melioidosis, but the treatment of plague has not advanced since the end of the Vietnam War.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Brucellosis exists worldwide. Experimental studies have evaluated the relative contribution played by immune-cell mechanisms and humoral antibodies in host resistance to infection. Automated blood culture systems, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, have proved successful as new laboratory based diagnostic methods. A combination of doxycycline and aminoglycosides seems to be the best current treatment for human brucellosis.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The polymerase chain reaction is now making a major contribution to the diagnosis of infections of the central nervous system. The polymerase chain reaction can increase the sensitivity, specificity and speed of diagnosis of these conditions, and so make a significant impact on their management. In this article we discuss the application of the polymerase chain reaction to the diagnosis of common infections of the central nervous system. Bacterial antigen testing in cerebrospinal fluid is likely to be displaced by polymerase chain reaction.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID