ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The numbers of cancer patients subjected to chemotherapy-induced neutropenia steadily grows as the new indications for systemic treatment expand. When these patients develop fever, or other things signs of infection, they must receive immediate medical attention. This paper discusses the current therapeutic strategy for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients and reviews some of the newer approaches, which include empirical monotherapy, outpatient protocols, antibiotic prophylaxis and the use of haematopoietic growth factors. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:401–409. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Delineation of the pathogenic potential and assessment of the efficacy of newer therapeutic modalities for a number of viruses have been among the more notable developments in solid organ transplant infections within the past year. Infection caused by the novel herpesvirus, human herpesvirus-6, was proposed to be a significant cause of fever of unknown origin and a predictor of subsequent cytomegalovirus infection. Interleukin-2-primed isologous T lymphocytes led to the complete regression of Epstein-Barr virus-positive post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Although interferon-alpha alone was shown to be largely ineffective as prophylaxis and treatment for hepatitis C virus hepatitis, the combination of interferon-alpha and ribavirin appeared promising. Documentation, within the past year, however, of lamivudine and famciclovir resistance in hepatitis B virus, ganciclovir resistance in cytomegalovirus, and azole resistance inCandida,is a sobering reminder that antimicrobial prophylaxis must be utilized rationally and selectively. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:411–417. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We review recent developments in the pathogenesis of the major immunodeficiencies, the pathogens involved, and new diagnostic and treatment options. Early diagnosis and prophylaxis are the mainstays in the current management of these immunological disorders. New advances, including the use of cytokines and growth factors, molecular diagnosis and a better understanding of the immunopathogenesis of infections, are discussed. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:419–423. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Herpesvirus infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in iatrogenically immunosuppressed individuals despite the considerable progress achieved in recent years by the use of anti-viral drugs. Human cytomegalovirus is particularly important in this context and major advances have been made towards understanding the basis of cytomegalovirus latency and persistence. At the same time efforts continue to develop optimal virus detection in immunosuppressed individuals with a view to improving current therapeutic policies, and to define the emerging problem of anti-viral drug resistance. Finally, the evidence is gathering that the newest additions to the human herpesvirus family, i.e. human herpesviruses-6, −7 and −8, and significant pathogens in the immunosuppressed. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:425–430. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Early use of CT and MRI helps to diagnose infection in immuno-compromised patients earlier and more precisely. Anti-fungal therapy can now be instituted in the knowledge that there is scan proven fungal disease and withheld when scans indicate other pathology. The optimal way to utilise these tests is described. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:431–436. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over the past year, considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of a variety of infections found in the immunocompromised host. Some interesting organisms not previously described in this setting have been implicated as being causative of disease. Molecular methods for the detection of many organisms increase our ability to diagnose infection in these patients, and also make the accurate monitoring of infection during treatment possible. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:437–440. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Internet may become a powerful tool in the implementation of medical guidelines, but experience with this new technology is rather limited. Scientific assessments of how the Internet may cover the needs of healthcare professionals are still not available, but concerns about data reliability and the management of information abundance are already being raised. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:45–448. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Considerable progress has been made in the development of effective hospital infection control programs in countries with limited resources, most notably in Asia and Latin America. National nosocomial infection surveillance methods are now used in a variety of countries, particularly in Brazil, and offer a better measure for evaluating the rates of common nosocomial infections and gauging the effect of prevention efforts. Extending these achievements to other hospitals that presently lack effective programs is an organizational and logistic challenge for the future. Newer, daunting problems are the prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance and nosocomial transmission of tuberculosis. Improvements in the protection of healthcare workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens, research regarding the safety and efficacy of the reuse of single-use items, and more practical and affordable methods for sterilization and disinfection are needed. Curr Opin Infect Dis 11:449–455. 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID