ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Antimicrobial resistance in both bacteria and fungi continues to cause concern, including the prospect of amphotericin resistance in common yeasts. A changing pattern of fungal infections has been reported from several centres but the early diagnosis of fungal infection is still problematic. New studies of antibacterials show that monotherapy with meropenem is efficacious in both adults and children, but a significant increase in efficacy is unlikely to be seen with any new antibacterial agent under development. Adjunctive therapy with colony stimulating factors gives improved results in fungal infections which are normally very refractory to treatment.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The most notable advances pertaining to infections in organ transplant recipients within the past year have been in the area of viral infections. Demonstration of the efficacy of oral ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus infection prophylaxis, and the promising role played by the nucleoside analogues in hepatitis B virus infection represent significant advances in these fields. Of grave concern, however, are reports of emerging resistance to lamivudine in hepatitis B. Therapeutic options for hepatitis C virus hepatitis in transplant recipients remain largely unsatisfactory. A large number of reports published last year on fungal infections in organ transplant recipients reflect the profound impact and substantial morbidity that continues to be observed with such infections, particularly invasive aspergillosis. The effective prophylaxis and therapy of invasive aspergillosis still presents a challenge.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three models which attempt to account for the interaction betweenPseudomonas aeruginosaand cystic fibrosis respiratory epithelium have been developed. These are: (1) malfunction of the defensin system as a result of altered chloride content of the airway fluid; (2) loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, which acts as a receptor forPseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to the failure of internalization of the bacteria; (3) upregulation of asialo GM1 receptors and increasedPseudomonas aeruginosabinding. Other important advances include new uses of antibiotics for resistant strains and the vexed question of infection control strategies.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Opportunistic infections in the immunocompromised patient are able to evade the host immune response. The ways in which this occurs and the interaction of the different immune effector cells are discussed in this review, focusing on fungal infection (in particularCandida) as a model. It should then be possible to formulate cytokine treatment strategies to overcome the defects in host immunity in these patients.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent studies have defined the incidence of severe toxoplasmosis in heart transplant and AIDS patients and the indications for diagnostic brain biopsy. Pyrimethamine plus sulphadiazine remains the most effective combination for acute therapy. Specific prophylaxis reduces the incidence of toxoplasma in selected immune suppressed groups, and failure is associated with non-compliance or poor absorption. Atovaquone can be used as a second-line prophylactic agent.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Prophylactic regimens have, to a large extent, altered the spectrum of infections seen in the immunosuppressed patient. Although staphylococci and streptococci are still the most common bacterial isolates, recent emphasis is placed on infections caused by unusual Gram-positive bacilli. Further progress has been made in the association of human herpesvirus 6 with disease in the immunocompromised patient, particularly in the transplant setting. A number of unusual parasitic infections have been described in patients after bone marrow and solid organ transplantation. Progress has been made in the diagnosis of some of the more elusive pathogens associated with the immunocompromised host, but many organisms still remain difficult to detect.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID