ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The spectrum of cutaneous infections continues to grow with newly described, unusual clinical presentations or the involvement of unusual bacteria. Bacillary angiomatosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, toxinogenic A streptococci andStenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophiliarepresent some of the most uncommon cases of skin bacterial infections that were reported last year. This review briefly describes the main signs and symptoms and also proposes the most efficient treatments to be used in the management of such difficult cases.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Evidence is accumulating that chickenpox is affecting older patients, and a racial difference in reactivation of the virus causing herpes zoster has emerged. There are several novel compounds with clinical utility in the treatment of herpes zoster, and others that are under development to treat potentially resistant viruses. The range of cutaneous lesions associated with human papillomaviruses is expanding, and evidence is accumulating regarding their role in cutaneous malignancies. A new herpesvirus has been postulated as the long-sought aetiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

New developments in antimicrobial therapy encompass both the investigation of new pharmacological agents and new uses for available antibiotics. The clinical spectrum must always be taken into account when using antibiotics. The patient may not fit the typical age or characteristic for a given infectious condition, or may be immunocompromised and require a higher index of suspicion in order to receive adequate evaluation and therapy. This review encompasses several of the more recent developments that affect the diagnosis and treatment of skin, soft tissue, and osseus infections.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Conventional microbial methods can yield an aetiological diagnosis in almost all of the patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia. Sputum examination, if accurately performed, is still one of the most important diagnostic tools. Antigen detection, especially for pneumococcal antigen, is a valuable and rapid method for diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia even during antibiotic treatment. Because of the high fatality rate in severe community-acquired pneumonia, invasive procedures may be indicated and are useful; they are preferably performed before antibiotic treatment is initiated. Bronchoalveolar lavage has the advantage of sampling secretions from a relatively large part of the lobe, and this fulfils the requirements for appropriate specimens for all microbiological procedures. Polymerase chain reaction is the most promising new diagnostic technique in pulmonary infections. It can detect DNA or RNA of a low number of microorganisms with high accuracy in different biological fluids. Larger studies are necessary to investigate the impact of this technique on the aetiology, treatment and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia. Although serology is useful for aetiological and epidemiological studies, in the majority of cases the results of serology are available only after completion of treatment, and therefore seldom influence the choice of specific antibiotic.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Influenza remains a global cause of high levels of morbidity and mortality. Older individuals and those with high-risk conditions are most likely to experience adverse outcomes. Several recent studies have confirmed the clinical effectiveness as well as the economic value of inactivated influenza vaccines in preventing hospitalization, and in some cases deaths, in this group. Respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza viruses can produce severe illness in the very young. Vaccine development continues, but the most immediate preventive approach involves the use of immune globulin in high-risk, pre-term children. The causal agent of the regional disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, has been named and risk factors for its acquisition further defined. This emerging infection, as well as others which are more regular in their occurrence, demonstrate the need for good surveillance mechanisms.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniaeare common causes of respiratory infection among teenagers and adults, and may cause a higher proportion of cases of community-acquired pneumonia among children than previously estimated. Further evidence supporting an association between C. pneumoniae infection and the chronic conditions of asthma and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease have recently been reported. M. pneumoniae has caused several recent outbreaks, the delay in the recognition of which emphasizes the need for a rapid diagnostic test.

ISSN:0951-7375    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID