摘要:

Abstract.The action of various seed agglutinins and other reagents on red cells of the rare phenotype En(a‐) is described. It is shown that En(a‐) red cells appear to lack part of the protease‐labile glycoprotein portion of the cell membrane. The specificity of some of the seed reagents is discussed. TheMaclura aurantiacareceptor on En(a‐) cells is depressed, so that the agglutinins fromMacluraseeds react much more weakly with En(a‐) than with En(a +) cells. TheMacluraagglutinin may therefore be loosely described as

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03856.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Australia antigen was demonstrated in cord blood and consecutive blood samples of a new‐born from a mother who had suffered from serum hepatitis during her pregnanc

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The prozone phenomenon that is observed in the radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) test at lower dilutions of the sera to be tested for Australia antibody, can be eliminated by adequate dilution of the primary antigen‐antiserum mixture after incubation of the latter. 50 normal persons negative for Australia antibody in counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) were found negative in the RIP test, too. Out of 50 patients recovering from Australia antigen‐positive hepatitis, 2 developed antibody detectable in both tests, RIP and CIEP, 40 were negative, and 8 showed low antibody titers in the RIP test with negative findings in CIEP. It does not seem to be possible to evaluate the incidence of serum hepatitis infection within the general population using the RIP test for Australia antib

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.From 1969 until 1972, 768 persons working in St. Radboud Hospital (including laboratory personnel) were investigated for the presence of Australia (Au) antigen and antibody. The results of this investigation revealed that 12 were positive for Au antigen and 36 for Au antibody, in total 6.2% of the investigated population. Two persons are considered to be Au antigen carriers and have had elevated transaminase levels for 2 years. The personnel coming into contact with patients of blood from the renal dialysis unit show Au antigen or antibody in 18%. Preventive measures undertaken in 1970 have failed to demonstrate beneficial results to date.The real incidence of infection with serum hepatitis virus is probably higher than we have detected because of limitations in the frequency and sensitivity of testing. These data stress the necessity of effective preventive measures with regular controls, particularly for people handling blood or patients from renal dialysis units.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03514.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis reported in Copenhagen was studied for 2 consecutive years. The 2 years were comparable in every respect, including the number of transfusions (21,000 per year). In the first year no screening of transfusion blood was made, while in the second year all units of blood were systematically screened for Au antigen by a counterelectrophoresis method. During that year, 49 Au antigen‐positive units were detected and refused.The number of cases of transfusion hepatitis officially registered during the 2 years was 9 and 8, respectively. Detailed diagnostic studies revealed that the probable number of cases classifiable as transfusion hepatitis was 8 and 6 in the 2 years. Thus, in the present study screening of transfusion blood for Au antigen has not resulted in an obvious reduction in the incidence of transfusion hepatitis. Three patients were repeatedly examined for more than 6 months after transfusion of a unit of Au antigenaemic blood, but no case or hepatitis or Au antigenaemia was found. Our findings may be related to the fact that cases of acute and chronic hepatitis are unusual among Au antigenaemic Danish blood donors. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the correlation between donor Au antigenaemia, donor liver disease and hepatitis infectivity of donor bloo

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The sera from 385 hemophilia patients and 360 normal voluntary blood donors were tested by a variety of methods for antibodies against the hepatitis‐ associated or hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag). Anti‐HB Ag was detected in 79.8% of the hemophilia sera and 7.5% of the normal blood donor sera by a ‘sandwich’ solid‐phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. The RIA method was compared with other serologic methods (agar‐gel diffusion, counterelectrophoresis, complement fixation and passive hemagglutination [PHA]) and found to be significantly more sensitive than all methods except PHA. The RIA and PHA methods were approximately equal in sensitivity as judged both by endpoint titrations and tests on the 745 sera for antibodies. The RIA method is also applicable to HB A

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.With agar gel diffusion, 0.42% of 9,230 blood donors had Australia antigen, and none had antibodies. With counterelectrophoresis on another series, 0.21% of 10,061 donors had antigen, and 0.30% had antibodies. There was no evidence for a decreased incidence of hepatitis in the population after it had ceased to receive antigen‐or antibody‐positive blood. Results of the study of pregnant mothers and their neonates, hepatitis patients, and members of a haemodialysis unit are presented and discus

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Twelve blood donors out of 2,640 (0.45%) had Australia antigenaemia on repeated examination. Only seven of them were positive in all of three examinations spread over one year.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The risks to laboratory personnel of infectious reagents in hepatitis serology can be suppressed by cold sterilisation with β‐propiolactone and subsequent UV irradiation. Immunological studies have shown that concentrations of up to 4% β‐propiolactone did not alter the immunological reactivity of Au antigen which means that potentially infectious sera can perhaps be sterilised with β‐propiolacto

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The system described in this report is comprised of a low voltage power supply, cassettes containing buffered agar, electrodes (and a viewer). The rabbit anti‐HAA is balanced to detect reactions ranging from weak to prozone. In double‐blind studies, the test results agreed closely with the results obtained with specimens from hepatitis cases after antigen concentrations followed by double diffusion and also with the results of regular counterimmunoelectrophoresis in which blood donors had been studied. Antibody and antigenic variants can also be detec

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1973.tb03519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY