摘要:

Abstract.More than 104plaque‐forming units (pfu)/ml of HIV are inactivated during the alcohol fractionation step from plasma to fraction (Fr)‐II+III,>104pfu/ml is inactivated from Fr‐II+III to Fr‐II and>104pfu/ml is inactivated during the polyethylene glycol (PEG) fractionation process from Fr‐II+III to intravenous IgG (IVIG). The total inactivation rate from plasma to IVIG via Fr‐II+III or Fr‐II was calculated to be greater than 108or 1012, respectively. The PEG fractionation method produces an intact and unmodified IVIG. In addition, the PEG fractionation method at a low ionic strength was found to be effective for the elimination of greater than 105units of other viruses, including hepatitis B, vesicular stomatitis and Si

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04919.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04920.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The composition and opsonizing activity of five commercially available immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous use (Venoglobulin I, Venilon, Gammagard, Polyglobin, and Sandoglobulin) were studied. The composition of these preparations does not differ very much as far as total protein, immunoglobulin class and IgG subclass concentrations are concerned. The only exceptions were that Veniglobulin I, Gammagard and Sandoglobulin contain IgA, which might cause side effects in patients with anti‐IgA antibodies, Gammagard contains very little IgG4, and Venilon and Polyglobin contain no and almost no IgG3, respectively, which might explain their very low opsonic activity. It was found that Venilon and Gammagard activate complement in the ready‐for‐infusion state. The opsonic activity of Venoglobulin I, Sandoglobulin and Gammagard is about equal to that of inactivated serum:Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliwith K antigen,Streptococcus pyogenesand Streptococcus group B are well opsonized andE. coliwithout K antigen andStreptococcus pneumoniaeare poorly opso

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04921.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The exact number of leukocytes remaining in ‘leukocyte‐free’ red cell and platelet concentrates cannot be measured by standard methods. We have therefore developed methods to harvest all the leukocytes from blood components. The leukocytes were then counted and identified using monoclonal antibodies. The leukocyte‐free red cell concentrates were prepared by combining buffy coat removal and filtration through a Cellselect filter. The mean number of leukocytes per unit was 1.0 times 105. Most of the leukocytes were granulocytes and T cells. Only a few B cells or monocytes could be detected. Leukocyte‐free platelets were prepared by filtering 4 units of PC through a cotton‐wool (Imugard) filter. The mean number of leukocytes per PC unit was 0.4 times 105of which 85–95%

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04922.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Whole blood stored for 21 days at +4 °C in glass bottles showed a decrease in plasma glucose content of 6.6 mM/1, while blood stored in polyvinylchloride bags had a decrease of only 5.3 mM/1. At the same time, red cell ATP was reduced to 69% in bottles compared to 80% in bags (statistically proved differences). The higher red cell ATP level may explain the increased stability of red cells stored in DEHP‐plasticized blood bags. The reduction in glucose consumption suggested that the decrease of red cell ATP and plasma glucose content may be a result of some unidentified inhibitory effects of DEHP on biochemical process

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04923.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Red cells supended in saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol solution were stored for 42 days at +4 °C. One portion was packed by centrifugation and stored unmixed; the other portion was mixed once a week. Red cell fluidity and adenine nucleotide concentration were significantly lower in unmixed than in mixed units and also differed within the packed layer, showing a decrease towards the bottom. Hemolysis was 2.5‐fold and microvesiculation 5‐fold higher in cells stored unmixed. It is suggested that, during liquid storage, an early accumulation of acid metabolites in the bottom part of packed red cells may play an important role both for adenylate loss and microvesiculation, but lack of membrane‐stabilizing action of diethylhexylphthalate may in part explain the latter. Both of these two changes are factors associated with impaired red cell viability. Mixing appears essential to optimize storage conditions f

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04924.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new therapeutic plasma exchange device developed by Sams Inc./3M was evaluated in plasmapheresis of 20 healthy volunteers and in a multicenter clinical study of therapeutic plasma exchange that included 49 patients. Safety and efficacy of plasma separation from whole blood were assessed for a module that contains Durapore® microporous surfactant‐free polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass., USA). The extra‐corporeal volume was 80 ml. Citrate and heparin anticoagulants were utilized. Mean plasma separation efficiency was 62% with unhindered passage of plasma proteins through the membrane pores and no hemolysis or activation of complement as measured by total hemolytic complement (CH50) and C3 conversion. Mean decrease in platelet count after procedures was 10%. No severe reactions occurred, and citrate effects (13%) were comparable to values reported with centrifugal instruments. The Sarns Inc./3M Therapore® device is a rapid, safe and efficient system for plasma exchange and potentially for source plasma collection. The principal benefits are small extracorporeal volume and cell‐free f

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04925.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Phagocytosis was investigated using human peripheral monocytes and erythrocytes sensitized with known amounts of subclass‐specific IgG anti‐Rh antibodies. The erythrocyte‐bound IgG was quantitated by a radiometric antiglobulin test. This evaluation revealed the following: (1) there is a relationship between phagocytosis and the number of erythrocyte‐bound IgG molecules; (2) phagocytosis is IgG subclass‐dependent, since a similar degree of phagocytosis is observed with fewer IgG3 than IgGl molecules and also the minimum number of IgG3 molecules for phagocytosis is 150–640, whilst for IgGl the minimum is 1,230‐4,020; (3) the minimum levels of sensitization for phagocytosis should be detectable by the serological antiglobuiin test; (4) the phagocytosis assay is no more sensitive than the monocyte rosette assay for the detection of anti‐Rh alloantibodies, and (5) phagocytosis of adherent erythrocytes observed by video‐enhanced microscopy indicated that erythrocytes may adhere to monocytes for a considerable time before phagocytosis, but that phagocytosis

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04926.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Prior to the removal of a mature cystic teratoma in a girl, aged 16, we had difficulties in Rh typing due to immunoglobulin coating of the red blood cells (RBCs). Further examination revealed the presence of anti‐D and anti‐E antibodies; the clinical course and the serological characteristics indicated that the Rh antibodies originated from the tumor itself, that is, there was alloantibody formation against the host's RBCs. The specific alloantibody production, as well as the fact that these antibodies belong to the IgA and IgGl classes provide further evidence for the pluripotency of mature cystic ovarian terato

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04927.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A major delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction produced by an antibody to Lewisbis reported. Delayed hemolysis following transfusion with Leb‐positive red cells was not reported to the blood bank. Severe hemolysis recurred following a second transfusion with Leb‐positive cells, but was avoided thereafter with Leb‐negative red cells. This is the first reported case of a serious delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by ant

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04928.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY