摘要:

Abstract.Macrophages are a mobile, functionally diverse group of cells which may be recruited and stimulated to a high degree of metabolic activity. Heterogeneity may be detected from one site to another and result from local influences, e.g. lung v. peritoneal cells, or occur within a population and arise due to different stages of differentiation, maturation or activation or possibly from distinct cell lines. Recruitment and turnover are important determinants of the diversity of cells at any one site. In addition, anti‐tumour, anti‐microbial and secretory capacities of macrophages are greatly influenced by the degree and nature of stimulation possibly affecting only a subpopulation of the cells. Accessory cell activity is also a function of a minor population of macrophages which have distinct surface antigens. The sources of the heterogeneity and the interrelationship between the macrophage subpopulations remain to be determi

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Two major histocompatible strains of rats differing at ‘minor’ antigens including immunoglobulin allotype disparity were used in experiments to study antibody‐mediated suppression of a primary antibody response against third party allogeneic red cells. Antibodies against red cells were raised by repeated injections in the two strains of rats, and the effects of the two pools of serum to suppress antibody response upon intravenous injection of a small test dose of blood were assessed and compared inin vitrotitrations. It was concluded that allotype differences, as suggested by others, were not necessary and they were not amplifying the suppression. The observations are discussed in relation to the Rh immuno‐prophylaxis

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A large scale method for preparation of antithrombin III (AT III) concentrate from plasma or from Cohn fraction IV‐1 (Fr. IV‐1) has been described. It consists of the following steps: (a) partial purification by precipitation of impurities with 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000; (b) isolation of AT III from the PEG supernatant by batch adsorption and elution on heparin‐Sepharose at a ratio corresponding to 45 vol of plasma or 80 vol of 10% Fr. IV‐1 solution to 1 vol of gel; (c) concentration and desalting of the eluted AT III on a Pellicon ultrafiltration system; (d) pasteurization of AT III concentrate by heating for 10 h at 60°C in the presence of 0.5Msodium citrate at pH 7.5; (e) removal of excess citrate by gel filtration on Sephadex G‐50; and (f) sterile filtration, filling and lyophilization. The recovery by activity was 32% from a 113‐liter plasma batch and 16% from a 42‐kg Fr. IV‐1 batch.Both AT III concentrates, derived either from plasma or from Fr. IV‐1, had similar specific activity and electrophoretic purity, were nonpyrogenic and met all other FDA requirements for biologic products.Pasteurization induced changes in disc gel and isotachophoretic patterns of A

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04436.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The Factor VIII procoagulant activity in plasma, cryoprecipitate, and their polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitates is markedly increased if blood is collected into heparin rather than into citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD). There is a 34% increase in the initial level of the Factor VIII activity in the heparinized plasma with 78% of this initial activity (184 U) recovered in the cryoprecipitate. As well, the stability of the Factor VIII activity is improved: after 24 h of incubation at 22°C, 99% of the initial activity is retained in heparinized plasma whereas only 64% remains in CPD plasma. The cryoprecipitate prepared from heparinized plasma is equally stable after 24 h. The PEG concentrate prepared from the cryoprecipitate of heparinized plasma is increased to 128 U compared to only 54 U from CPD plasma. Relative recoveries were 531 U/l for heparinized plasma versus 215 U/l for CPD plasma. This represents a 147% increase in yield

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04437.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An unusual IgG complement‐binding antibody was observed in a 64‐year‐old man prior to surgery. This antibody was detectable by the indirect antiglobulin test when the red cells were suspended in saline, but not when they were suspended in acid citrate dextrose or albumin solutions. Positive reactions were obtained with the patient's own red cells and with the cells of all donors tested.In vivochromium survival studies showed that donor cells and patient cells, when suspended in saline, had 1‐hour survivals of 32 and 46%, respectively. In contrast, donor and patient cells suspended in ACD solution had 1‐hour survivals of 77 and 93%, respectively.We conclude that this phenomenon may cause accelerated destruction of saline‐suspended cells and should be suspected wheneverin vitroincompatibility is noted only with red cells suspende

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04438.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Microtiter solid‐phase radioimmunoassay (micro‐SPRIA) was applied to the detection of hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) in the serum. Antibody against HBeAg to coat the microtiter plate and for radiolabeling was obtained from the serum of asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen by an affinity column of partially purified HBeAg. The micro‐SPRIA was sensitive and could be performed without prior concentration of the test serum. HBeAg was detected in 21 (35%) out of 60 serum samples positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, all of which were negative by the conventional immunodiffusion method even after they had been concentrated thre

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04439.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04440.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A simple method, based on ethanol fractionation, for the preparation of highly purified human serum albumin with a higher yield than that of the conventional ethanol procedures is described. It consists of two purification steps, namely, precipitation of most of the other plasma proteins from a 3‐fold diluted plasma with ethanol at 42% concentration, pH 5.75 and ‐5°C, leaving over 96% pure albumin in the supernatant, followed by isolectric precipitation of albumin from the supernatant at pH 4.8 and ‐5°C. The paste thus obtained was processed to the final albumin solution according to the conventional methods. The yield of the final albumin with a purity of over 99% was equivalent to 29.5 g/1 of plasma representing a recovery of over 93%. The possibility of recovering other plasma proteins and the suitability for large scale preparation are also di

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1979.tb04441.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY