摘要:

Abstract.In the past 40 years, tremendous advances in the treatment of hemolytic disease have been made. The perinatal mortality has been reduced considerably. Rh immunoprophylaxis has decreased the incidence of Rh immunization to around 6 per 100,000 live births. Nevertheless, treatment of severe hemolytic disease is still essential. Increased reliability of diagnostic procedures have made early detection and optimal treatment of hemolytic disease possible. Treatment by plasmapheresis is still controversial. Although believed to be beneficial by some authors, conclusive evidence of its efficacy has not been obtained. With preterm induction of birth at 32 weeks of gestation, the chances for survival are 95%. Improvement of techniques and the use of modern real‐time ultrasound equipment have made intrauterine intraperitoneal transfusion, in experienced hands, a relatively safe and successful procedure. Intravascular transfusion appears beneficial in early pregnancy. Combination of both techniques will probably be the answer for the future. The development of neonatal intensive care facilities has made a major contribution to the survival of children with haemolytic disease. The relative low incidence of haemolytic disease has made it imperative that treatment should take place in centers where experience and special skill are availabl

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Our previous studies have shown that the use of half‐strength citrate anticoagulant improves plasma factor VIII stability while maintaining the viability of red cells and platelets. This study extends these observations to show that the stability of factor VIII is maintained in blood stored at room temperature or 4°C overnight and that in vitro tests indicate comparable quality of red cells and platelets prepared from half‐strength citrate donations processed immediately or after overnight storage at room temperature. The exception to this was a more rapid loss of red cell 2, 3‐diphosphoglycerate, as has previously been observed for full‐strength citrate d

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.To study the influence of contaminating leukocytes on the storage conditions of platelet concentrates (PC), various amounts of leukocytes were added to identical PC. From 12 blood donations, 12 leukocyte‐poor PC were prepared and pooled. Subsequently, the pool was divided into 12 identical PC. The plasma volume of the PC was 58.6 ± 0.6 ml, the platelet concentration was 1.01 ± 0.04times 109/ml (mean ± SD) and the red cell contamination did not exceed 107per PC. To 4 groups of 3 PC, pooled leukocytes were added from the same 12 blood donations. The leukocyte contamination for each group of 3 PC was 0.14 ± 0.05, 1.96 ± 0.09, 5.53 ± 0.98 and 13.0 ± 0.93 times 106/ml (mean ± SD) for groups I‐IV, respectively. The PC were stored for 7 days at 22 °C in normal polyvinylchloride bags. A significant correlation was found between increasing concentrations of leukocytes in the PC and the drop in pH (r=‐0.93), glucose consumption (r=‐0.91), lactic acid production (r=0.93) and release of lactate dehydrogenase (r=0.92) during storage of the PC. The excretion of β‐thromboglobulin, depletion of platelet adenine nucleotides, decreased ability to incorporate3H‐adenosine into metabolic nucleotides and poor morphology of the platelets were also significantly correlated with an increased number of leukocytes in the PC. These data show that high concentrations of leukocytes in PC have a significant detrimental effect on the viability of platelets during storage at 22 °C. We conclude that for good storage conditions of PC, the upper limit of leukocytes per PC

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Hemolysis mediated by human antibodies is generally ascribed to the attack of red blood cells (RBC) by complement. We here extend earlier in vitro observations which indicate that potent cold agglutinins can directly cause lysis of RBC without the participation of complement. We have noted that EDTA plasma taken from patients with cold agglutinin disease is frequently reddish if the plasma is not immediately separated from the cells at 37°C. Moreover, eluates prepared in such cases from plasma or heat‐inactivated serum (30 min at 56°C) by absorption (at 4–20°C) and elution (at 37°C) are usually contaminated with hemoglobin, and a large number of RBC used for absorption is lost during the procedure. To characterize this phenomenon further, we examined the effect of different hemagglutinating antibodies in vitro on normal RBC in the absence of complement. Hemolysis (5–17%) of RBC only occurred after treating the cells with potent antibodies at low temperatures (0–20°C). This hemolysis increased 2‐ to 3‐fold when the RBC were treated with an enzyme and decreased with rising temperature. Unlike cells hemolyzed by complement activation, no C5b‐9 complexes could be detected on RBC damaged

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An example of an unusual cold autoagglutinin is reported. The antibody was monoclonal IgMKappa able to fix complement, and, in the presence of albumin, had both a high titer (>4,096 at 4 °C) and a wide thermal range (4–37 °C). The patient was closely followed over a 3‐year period with no evidence of hemolysis ever documented, despite a persistently positive direct antiglobulin test and the presence of the cold autoagglutinin. In contrast to previous reports regarding cold‐agglutinin disease, this case demonstrates that in vivo hemolysis is not always associated with cold autoagglutinins that in vitro show a high thermal range in the presence of

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A solid‐phase low‐ionic strength salt antiglobulin test (LISS‐SPAT) has been developed using a micro‐plate coated with dried sera as a solid phase. Before coating, the in vitro C3d fragment generation was activated by adding heat‐aggregated immunoglobulin. The LISS‐SPAT was compared with low‐ionic strength conventional antiglobulin test (LISS‐AGT) and also with a test using polybrene or papain microplates. When detecting the IgG and IgM antierythrocyte antibodies the reaction was developed in the same way in LISS‐SPAT and LISS‐AGT. In routine work, the LISS‐SPAT provides a fast, reliable, handy and inexpensive screening of antibodies. This method appears to be an additional method to the papain and polybrene

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We report here the development of anti‐Fy5 in a young Negro female with sickle cell disease. The antibody was responsible for a delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction. We believe this is the first report of such an antibody in Europ

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A method for the investigation of erythrocyte chimaerism in patients after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been developed using fluorescent microspheres coated with anti‐human IgG. Blood group antigens different in patient and donor were used as marker. The specificity and reliability of this method was evaluated measuring artificial mixtures of blood group positive and negative red cells. Red cell antigens tested were D, c, K, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, S and s. Mean linear regression lines for mixtures with percentages positive cells ranging from 0.01 to 1% and 1 to 100% were 0.91 x‐0.03 (r=0.99) and 1.00X‐0.05 (r=0.99), respectively. The sensitivity level of the assay was one positive cell per 10,000 blood group negative cells. In negative control samples (n= 15) a mean percentage positive cells was found of 0.002 ± 0.004 (SD). Intra‐ and inter‐assay coefficients of variation were 4.9 and 5.3% for mixtures of 10%, and were 11.1 and 24.6% for mixtures of 0.1% blood group positive cells. It is concluded that the described method can be used both to establish the take of donor marrow in an early phase after transplantation and to investigate mixed erythrocyte chimaerism long

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In 11 cases with anti‐Rh‐complicated pregnancies, i.e. ascites at 21/25 weeks and fetal hydrops at delivery, we detected the presence of IgG/placental alkaline phosphatase complexes in the maternal se

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04687.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new low frequency red cell antigen JFV has been found in two families, one of German and one of Dutch origin. JFV is inherited as an autosomal dominant character. Family studies showed thatJFVis not controlled by theRh, MNS, Lu, Fy, orJkloci and that it is not X‐ or Y‐bo

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1988.tb04688.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY