摘要:

Abstract.Human erythrocytes stored for more than 21 days in citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (CPDA‐1) at +4 °C had a decreased cell volume, an increased cell density, an elevated mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and hence an elevated internal viscosity. These changes are normally masked by the reversible cell swelling which accompanies storage in CPDA‐1. Incubation of stored cells for 24 h at 37 °C in fresh autologous plasma mimics the effects of reinfusion and causes the artificially swollen cells to shrink to their true volume. Thus, incubated cells which had been stored in CPDA‐1 for more than 21 days exhibited a decreased filterability through Nuclepore membranes in vitro, which is apparently correlated with a decreased survival time

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Human erythrocytes stored for more than 21 days in citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (CPDA‐1) exhibited a marked reduction in volume following incubation for 24 h at 37 °C in fresh autologous plasma. This incubation apparently mimics the effects of reinfusion of the stored cells in vivo. These shrunken stored cells have a decreased filterability as measured by their increased transit times through a 5‐μm diameter Nuclepore filter. The polyene antifungal agent nystatin was used to reinflate these shrunken cells with different concentrations of potassium ions. A concentration of 90 mMpotassium chloride was found to reinflate the shrunken stored cells so that their mean cell volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and average densities were the same as those of fresh cells. This reinflation also restored the filterability of the shrunken stored cells so as to be similar to that of fresh

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Rabbit blood cells stored for prolonged periods in citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (CPDA‐1) at +4 °C show the same decreased volume, increased cell density and decreased filterability as human cells stored under similar conditions. As with human erythrocytes, the stored rabbit cells had to be incubated with autologous fresh plasma for 24 h at 37 °C before these changes could be observed (this incubation process apparently mimics the effects of reinfusion). These shrunken stored rabbit cells could also be reinflated using nystatin, so that their mean cell volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, average cell densities and filterabilities were restored to normal values. This in vitro reinflation of the stored cells significantly prolonged their in vivo survival rate as determined by radiochromium labelling studies. This reinflation technique may therefore have an application in the prolongation of the useful storage life of human bl

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Plasma and whole blood histamine levels and white cell counts have been monitored over a 6‐week period of storage in standard citrate‐phosphate‐dextrose supplemented with adenine (CPDA) blood packs, add‐back blood packs, and also CPDA and add‐back packs which were subjected to a microfiltration process at the time of collection. Our results indicate that the plasma histamine level rises and the white blood count falls progressively with time, the former being most marked after the 3rd week of blood storage. At 6 weeks, there was no significant difference between the plasma and whole blood histamine level, suggesting that the entire complement of histamine in blood was now in plasma. Microfiltration substantially reduced the white cell count in the packs, and this was reflected in a greatly reduced whole blood and (subsequently) plasma histamine conc

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Donors were randomly selected for plateletapheresis using either the Haemonetics V‐50 surge procedure or the Fenwal CS‐3000 with special modifications. Six procedures using the V‐50 were performed with 6 collection cycles. Platelet yields averaged 3.9times1011with an average white cell contamination of 3.8times108. Ten procedures were performed with 8 collection cycles. Platelet yields averaged 4.5times1011with an average white cell contamination of 1.2times108. CS‐3000 procedures were performed using either 4,000 or 4,800 ml whole blood processed as the endpoint. Concentrates obtained using 4,000 ml (n=10) as the endpoint contained 3.9times1011platelets with a white cell contamination of 9.2times108. A 4,800 ml (n=5) endpoint produced concentrates with a yield of 4.5times1011and white cell contamination of 10.4t

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03026.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.It is recommended by the Department of Health and Social Security that hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers found at blood donation should be followed up by specialist liver units. We attempted to do this in 74 such patients found by the Yorkshire Regional Blood Transfusion Service during a 4.5‐year period. Only 32 of the patients eventually attended for further investigation and follow‐up. However, 43 chronic HBV carriers found at blood donation have been followed for varying periods from 2 to 14 years, and the prognosis has been good. Although this raises the question as to whether such carriers need to be seen routinely in a specialist unit, we suggest that there are good reasons to continue to advocate this pol

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03027.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (LAV/HTLV‐III) antibodies in 3 blood donor populations from India (n=1,000), Nigeria (n=500) and Thailand (n=650; sampling in 1982) with a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA; Abbott) yielded seropositivity rates of 0.5, 2.2 and 1.7%, respectively. Two EIAs with control antigens prepared from uninfected cell cultures (‘ELAVIA’, VIRGO), a recombinantEscherichia coliDNA EIA (‘ENV/CORE’), Western blot, an immunofluorescence assay and a radio‐immunoprecipitation assay confirmed none of the EIA‐reactive specimens as truly positive. The lack of specificity of the screening test was also attributable to monochromatic evaluation of the test trays at 492 nm only, and to reactivities against determinants of H9 cells used to grow HIV (HL

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The results of high‐dose intravenous gammaglobulin therapy (IVGG) of adults with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were reviewed in 28 published reports which included 282 patients. Overall, 64% of the patients responded to IVGG with a peak platelet count greater than 100,000/mm3; 83% had peak platelet counts greater than 50,000/mm3. Unmodified immunoglobulin was superior to modified immunoglobulin; 70% of the patients treated with the former having platelet increases to>100,000/mm3compared to only 49% of those treated with the latter. More patients were refractory among those who had had ITP for at least 3 years. A higher peak platelet count immediately after IVGG administration was correlated with a longer duration of the platelet response. Patients above the age of 60 tended to have a weaker response to IVGG than did younger patients, and females tended to respond better than males. A pre‐IVGG platelet count of>10,000/mm3wasnotassociated with a poor response to IVGG. While there is still no way to reliably predict response prior to therapy in an individual patient, the above information may help in the decision of whether or not treatment with IVGG is likely to be successful. It also suggests that inhibition of antiplatelet antibody production is an important mechanism of IVGG effect at least in some patie

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Monocyte‐erythrocyte interaction in patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) was assessed by phagocytosis and rosette assays. In most patients, a relationship was observed between haemolysis and the phagocytosis of their own erythrocytes by allogenic peripheral monocytes. An evaluation of the number of immunoglobulins on patient erythrocytes and IgG subclasses of autoantibodies shows that in patients with only IgG1 antibody or with additional IgG2 or/and IgG4, phagocytosis was always observed when the number of erythrocyte‐bound IgG molecules was above 2,000. On the other hand, in all patients where IgG3 was detectable, phagocytosis was observed even if the amount of IgG was as low as 230 molecules per erythrocyte. Similar observations were made in the rosette assay. Generally, the number of erythrocyte‐bound IgG and the presence of phagocytosis were correlated with the degree of haemolysis, but there were exceptions, i.e. the amount of IgG and phagocytosis were high but there was no evidence of haemolysis, or where there was little IgG, no phagocytosis but haemolysis was present. Our data do not indicate that erythrocytes from AIHA are preferentially bound to autologous mono

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) caused by warm‐reacting IgM autoantibodies is rare. We report a fatal case of primary AIHA with a warm‐reacting IgM autoantibody. Recurrent episodes of intravascular hemolysis, unresponsive to all therapy and progressive hepatic dysfunction characterized the patient's clinical course. Despite corticosteroid therapy, splenectomy and multiple blood transfusions, the patient died from liver failure. The IgM autoantibody caused autoagglutination of the patient's red cells at 37 °C. Eluates prepared from the patient's red cells agglutinated saline‐suspended test cells without the addition of antiglobulin reagent. We propose that warm‐reacting IgM antibodies may lead to in vivo autoagglutination and may be associated with hepatic

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb03031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY