摘要:

Abstract.A 24‐hour service was organized to study changes in the hemostatic system in surgical patients undergoing massive transfusion for excessive bleeding during operation or in the early postoperative period. Hemostasis tests gave normal results in only 12 (7%) of the 172 patients, while in the remaining 160 (93%) one or more tests gave abnormal results. The platelet count was the most frequently abnormal, followed by the prothrombin time and plasma fibrinogen. Well‐defined hemostatic disorders (such as DIC, heparinization and liver disease) were ascertained in 82 patients (48%). 78 patients (45%) had less specific laboratory abnormalities, with a particularly high incidence of thrombocytopenia and less pronounced alterations in the coagulation tests. Unlike the patients with defined disorders, the strong inverse correlation in this group between platelet count, prothrombin time, plasma fibrinogen, and the number of transfusions suggests that the laboratory abnormalities were induced by massive blood replacement. Standard schemas involving the administration of platelet concentrates and/or fresh‐frozen plasma without evaluation of hemostasis did not help to reduce the incidence of abnormalities. These measures also failed to decrease the requirements for whole blood and/or packed red cells. Therefore, indiscriminate administration in the massively transfused postoperative patient of blood components based on preestablished schemes appears to be unjustified. An approach based on hemostasis screening, identification of the underlying disorder, directed therapeutic intervention and laboratory monitoring is likely to be more effe

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A rocket affinoelectrophoretic assay system was used to detect and quantify the human salivary ABH‐blood group antigens of 155 individuals. In this system blood group antigens precipitated as rockets in agarose gels containing different lectins, with the rocket height being correlated to the antigen concentration. This technique was compared with the classical hemagglutination inhibition method for determination of salivary blood group antigens, and it was demonstrated that salivary A, B and H blood group antigens were detected with the lectins fromHelix pomatia, Bandeiraea simplicifoliaandUlex europeus, respectively. The technique was rapid and sensitive, with a detection limit of 0.1 μl saliva. This technique can also be used for determination of blood group antigens derived from other body fluids, tissues and cel

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A case is described of a group O Rh (D) negative woman who received a blood transfusion after the delivery of her first infant, blood group O Rh (D) negative. In her second pregnancy anti3 was detected, presumably due to the prior transfusion. The second infant was D+S+ and the direct antiglobulin test on this infant's cells was positive. As no anti‐D antibodies were detectable in this pregnancy, the positive antiglobulin test was presumably due to the anti‐S. Anti‐D immunoglobulin was administered after this pregnancy, but in spite of this the mother developed a strong anti‐D antibody. The significance of this ‘failure of protection’ is discussed in relation to the augmenting affect of antibody development durin

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This report describes a new inheritable red blood cell characteristic, termed NOR, that is associated with polyagglutination. The NOR factor was shown to be inherited in an apparent dominant manner by 5 members of a two‐generation family. NOR was clearly demonstrated to be a unique form of polyagglutination distinguishable from previously reported forms by serological tests using seed lectins, snail agglutinins, enzymes and absorption techniques. The NOR factor was characterized by the lack of reactivity with various seed and snail lectins, enhanced serum agglutinability after RBC proteolytic enzyme treatment, and the ability of hydatid cyst fluid to inhibit the serum hemagglutination reactio

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Human Tamm‐Horsfall glycoprotein isolated from an Sd(a+) donor, with high Sdainhibitory activity, was labelled with14C‐formaldehyde. The labelled glycoprotein was precipitated by anti‐Sdasera. A good correlation was found between the precipitating and agglutinating titers of different anti‐

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Non‐haemolytic febrile transfusion reactions are common in multi‐transfused patients. It is generally accepted that the majority of these reactions occur when more than 0.5 times 109leucocytes are transfused. Values equal to or lower than this threshold, which we have called for convenience the critical antigenic load for leucocytes (CALL), can be achieved by decreasing the leucocyte content in one unit of whole stored blood by about 80%. We have compared the efficiency of leucocyte depletion of whole stored blood, using fixed‐speed centrifugation (Haemonetics Model 15 and Model 115 cell washer), variable‐speed centrifugation (Dideco Progress 90 Cell Separator), and serial centrifugation (IBM 2991 Blood Cell Processor). Fixed‐speed centrifugation was least effective in depleting leucocytes; a reduction of 25 and 60% was achieved using the Haemonetics Model 15 and Model 115, respectively. Variable speed and serial centrifugation produced more satisfactory results with leucocyte depletions of 82 and 89% using the Dideco Progress 90 Cell Separator and the IBM 2991 Blood Cell Processor, respectively. Platelet depletion of over 90% was achieved with all the cell washers, except the Haemonetics Model 15. Red cell losses varied from 3 to 30%. It seems unlikely that consistently high (over 90%) leucocyte depletion can be obtained using cell‐washing techniques without associated high red

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Specific antiserum of human red cells was prepared from rabbit anti‐human red cell serum by absorption with red cells of horse, hog, dog and Japanese monkey. This antiserum proved specific for human red cells regardless of blood types ABO and MN as demonstrated by the hemagglutination test. Sialoglycoproteins were extracted with lithium diiodosalicylate and isolated through chromatographic procedures from human red cell membranes, and showed inhibitory activity for the specific antiserum as well as for anti‐M and anti‐N sera. The isolated glycoproteins corresponded to the sialoglycoproteins on the basis of SDS‐PAG electrophoresis. The inhibitory activity of the sialoglycoproteins for the specific antiserum was lost after the substance was treated with sialidase for 24 h. A moderate reduction of the inhibitory activity for anti‐M and anti‐N sera but not for the specific antiserum was seen after treatment for 1 h. These results showed that the receptors for the species‐specific antiserum were more resistant towards sialid

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A simple modification of the antiglobulin test (AGT) is described. It consists of one additional washingafterantiglobulin incubation. This increases the sensitivity of the test and eliminates the prozone phenomenon in the direct as well as the indirect AGT.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Simultaneous occurrence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HBsAg (anti‐HBs) has been frequently described in hemophiliac patients. During our working procedures, this phenomenon was also observed. Interference of coagulation disorders with radioimmunoassay (RIA) used in the detection of viral hepatitis B markers was studied. It was shown that, in vivo or in vitro, correction of coagulation disorders led to the disappearance of false positive reactions and, thus, simultaneous presence of HBsAg and anti‐HBs never occurred. Confirmatory tests which are usually recommended to control RIA were reviewed and it was found that only a completed coagulation of serum by thrombin addition, before performing the test, gave specific resu

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1982.tb01089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY