摘要:

Abstract.The prevalence of antibody to human parvovirus B19 was determined in 86 children with congenital bleeding disorders. Forty‐seven of 53 boys (89%) receiving non‐heat‐treated factor VIII or prothrombin complex concentrates were anti‐B19 IgG positive compared with 38% of their age‐matched controls and 48% of children treated with cryoprecipitate. Acute B19 virus infection occurred in 2 boys 3–4 weeks after they had received the same batch of commercial factor VIII concentrate. Of 11 susceptible children who had only received heat‐treated National Health Service factor VIII concentrate (8Y), I acquired anti‐B19 IgG. This suggests that 8Y heat‐treated concentrate has a much reduced risk of transmitting B19 virus and, by implication, other less heat‐stable viruses such as human imm

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new type of blood component collector (BCC) was developed to divide 450 ml of whole blood into plasma and a red cell concentrate using gravity without electrical devices. This BCC system is composed of one whole blood collection bag, two product collection bags and a plasma separator, which consists of a bundle of hydrophilized polyethylene hollow fibers (0.2 μm pore size). Without rinsing the plasma separator, the whole blood (458.1±13.5 ml, n = 22) was run through the separator using gravity without a pump. An average of 175.9 ml of plasma was collected within 11 min without hemolysis. In this completely cell‐free plasma, the recovery of total protein, albumin, globulin, IgG and IgA was nearly 100%. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were in a normal range and the activity of coagulation factors did not change after the separation. In the red cell concentrate, the recovery of red cells, white cells and platelets was 94.7, 98.4 and 82.7%, respectively. Osmotic fragility of red cells, platelet morphology and functions did not change. These observations suggest that this new type of BCC is useful as a simple, fast and safe component collec

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The clinical efficacy of 5 filters specific for leukocyte depletion was evaluated retrospectively. The patient population was composed of 191 thalassemics who received about 15,000 units of filtered blood in 28 months. The frequencies of reactions to filtered blood varied significantly (p<0.0001) according to the type of filter and were as follows: Erypur, 0.7%; Imugard, 2.7%; Leucostop, 0.7%; Miropore, 2.1%; Sepacell, 0.6%. There was a notable concordance between the efficacy in the leukocyte removal and the clinical performance of the filters. The 2 polyester filters examined combined good clinical and laboratory results with superior flow properties.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A histological and immunohistochemical investigation of slices from the Cellselect® leukocyte filter showed that the capture of lymphocytes within these filters depended on trapping of the cells in the cellulose acetate fiber network more than on adherence. Probably, additional mechanisms played a role in granulocyte removal. Microaggregates of granulocytes and platelets were found at the top of the Cellselect leukocyte filter. Therefore, it is likely that granulocyte and platelet removal, at least in part, is due to the formation of cell clusters on the surface of the fibers. Although a part of the original, nonfiltered, leukocytes already showed morphologic characteristics of cell necrosis, more necrotic leukocytes were detected within the filter

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a retrospective study covering a 2‐year period (1986–1987), 125 patients received massive blood transfusion. Trauma accounted for only 29% of the cases. The larger nontrauma diagnostic categories were: gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 31%; cardiovascular surgery, 12%, and oncology cases, 9%. The overall survival rate was 60%; survival rates ranged from 38% for patients with hepatic failure to 100% for obstetric cases. Clinically important alloantibodies were present in 4%, and transfusion reactions occurred in 9%. Massive transfusions accounted for a significant proportion of total blood component usage: at least 12% of the yearly total red cell units, 20% of plasma, and 14% of platelets transfu

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Following transfusion, red cells labeled with nonradioactive chromium (52Cr) can be detected in the circulation using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Both in rhesus monkeys and in human subjects, the survival of red cells labeled with52Cr was found to be insignificantly different from that of cells labeled with51Cr. Nonradioactive chromium can be used to label a second population of red cells, when51Cr is used for the first population, or can be used on its own when the use of radioactivity is contraindicated.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The polyethylene glycol (PEG) antiglobulin test (AGT) was evaluated by testing antibodies in the sera of 362 different patients and by screening of 4,685 random patient sera with both the PEG AGT and the albumin AGT. Agglutination in the PEG method was stronger in 254 (70.2%), identical in 99 (27.3%) and weaker in 9 (2.5%) of the 363 sera. Mean end‐point titers of the antibodies measured with the PEG method (n = 137) were 2–3 dilutions higher than with the albumin method. In sera with anti‐K and anti‐Fybantibodies the mean titer in the PEG method was only one dilution higher. Antibodies within the rhesus system were also tested with a two‐stage enzyme test. Agglutination in the PEG method was stronger in 93 (50.3%), identical in 64 (34.6%) and weaker in 28 (15.1%) of the 185 sera. Mean antibody titers (n = 76) in the PEG method were 1–3 dilution steps higher for the various specificities than in the enzyme test. In 92 (2.0%) of the 4,685 sera screened in the PEG method, specific antibodies were detected; with the albumin method in 74 (1.6%) sera. The antibodies only detected with the PEG method had the specificities anti‐D, ‐C, ‐Cw, ‐c, E, ‐K, ‐Jkaand ‐M. Not detected by the PEG method were anti‐Leaantibodies in one of the sera. It is concluded that the PEG AGT is a sensitive technique for the detection and identification of red cell antibodies and that it is

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A third patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to autoantibodies against Gerbich antigens is described. The patient's serum contained strong hemagglutinating antibodies of the IgA plus IgG classes which reacted with all red blood cells (RBC) tested, but not with Gerbich‐negative cells. Although the patient was typed as Gerbich‐positive, his serum failed to react with his own RBC, and the sensitization of his erythrocytes with autoantibodies was only demonstrable if eluates of his RBC were used. The failure of the autoantibodies to react with autologous RBC at the peak of hemolysis most likely reflects a weakening of Gerbich antigens during the course of autoimmune hemolytic ane

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We have previously described an antibody which will agglutinate red blood cells which had been incubated in vitro inD‐glucose. This antibody is specific for the ring form of glucose, β‐D‐glucopyranose. The current report demonstrates that without prior in vitro incubation with glucose, red blood cells from 36 of 38 patients with diabetes mellitus, and 7 of 70 patients not diagnosed as diabetic were agglutinated by this antibody. Strength of agglutination of red blood cells from diabetic patients correlated with both glucose (r = 0.61; p<0.001) and hemoglobin A1c levels (r = 0.50; p<0.01) in simultaneously obtained samples. This reactivity could be reversed by incubating red blood cells from diabetics for several hours in saline. This report suggests that red blood cells from diabetic patients have membrane‐bound glucose that can be detected immunologically. Reversibility of the reaction and rapidity of in vitro glycosylation suggests short‐term binding of glucose. To our knowledge, this is the first report documenting immunological detection of in vivo short‐term reversible binding of glucose to cellul

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The murine monoclonal antibodies BS58 and R6A are known to recognize epitopes related to the human Rh system: neither antibody reacts with Rhnullcells and the BS58 antigen is not expressed by‐D‐or ·D· cells. It is shown here that the numbers of BS58 and R6A antigen sites vary with Rh phenotype. Both epitopes are well represented on cells of the CDe/CDe, CDe/cDE and CDe/cde phenotypes; BS58 sites are markedly reduced on cde/cde and cDE/cde and are only just detectable on cDE/cDE cells when compared with R6A sites. The number of R6A sites per red cell ranged between 20,000 and 150,000. The evidence indicates that the BS58 epitope is not on the polypeptides carrying D or R6A, nor is it uniquely on one of the polypeptides carrying either C, c, E or e. It is suggested that the BS58 epitope is either common to all the CcED polypeptides or that it is present on a polypeptide which has not yet been identified biochemi

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb02095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY