摘要:

Abstract.The effect of replacing a standard citrate anticoagulant with one containing half the amount of citrate on the in vitro properties of components prepared from blood donations was investigated. This resulted in a significant improvement in factor VIII stability such that there was little loss during overnight storage, and this was reflected in the factor VIII yield in cryoprecipitate. The quality of cellular components in red cell units stored up to 35 days or platelet concentrates stored up to 7 days was not adversely affected. Although initial levels were similar to those in standard anticoagulant, the extent of fibrinopeptide A generation and complement C3 breakdown in red cell units stored for 35 days in half‐strength citrate was somewhat increase

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We report here the results of our evaluation of the effects of a dry heat treatment (96 h at 68 °C) to eliminate LAV/HTLV‐III virus on factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (vWf) present in an intermediatepurity concentrate. This thermal inactivation appears to have little effect on FVIII. There is an acceptable loss (12.3±3.6%; n = 25) in FVIII coagulant activity (FVIII: C) and a good in vivo performance in haemophilia A patients. A precise analysis of vWf indicates that whereas the vWf antigen and its ristocetin cofactor activity decrease during heating, there is an increase in potentially functional forms of vWf. Heat treatment induces an increase in high molecular weight forms of vWf and an enhancement in platelet adhesion to collagen. These changes probably explain the correcting effect on the bleeding time of the heated FVIII concentrate in patients with von Willebrand's disease. Thus, this heat‐treated concentrate appears to be equivalent to the untreated product in haemophilia A, with the additional benefit of being efficient for the treatment of von Willebrand's di

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Common or cross‐reactive epitopes of Gram‐negative endotoxins are found in the inner‐core glycolipid region of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Hydrophobic LPS from rough mutants of Gram‐negative bacteria, lacking serotype polysaccharide O‐antigen chains, did not bind satisfactorily to polystyrene microplates for ELISA detection of cross‐reactive IgG anti‐endotoxin antibodies. When these LPS molecules were reacted with the cationic polypeptide polymyxin B, complexes were formed which were stable when coated on microplates. LPS‐polymyxin complexes allowed optimisation of conditions for an ELISA for IgG antibodies to the core glycolipid region of endotoxins which could be used for screening large numbers of b

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Intravenous administration of certain immunoglobulin preparations may cause severe adverse reactions, especially in immunodeficient patients. These reactions are generally assumed to be related to the anticomplementary activity of the preparations, caused by IgG aggregates. Because the exact mechanism of the adverse reaction is unknown, we investigated the reactions induced in anesthetized rats on rapid intravenous administration of different human immunoglobulin preparations. The most conspicuous observation was a severe, long‐lasting hypotension, induced by standard immunoglobulin preparations (for intramuscular use), which appeared to be independent from the concomitant complement and neutrophil activation. The long‐lasting hypotension was not related to the presence of prekallikrein activator, which induced a transient hypotensive reaction only after sensitizing the rats to bradykinin. The reactions appeared to be associated with IgG aggregates. It was found that certain aggregates induced mainly complement activation, whereas others had mainly a hypotensive effect or no effect at all. It was concluded that the rat model provides a sensitive and reproducible test system for vasoactive properties of immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous administration that cannot be predicted from in vitro measurements, such as anticomplementary activity, aggregate content or prekallikrein activator activity. It is suggested that the test may also be used for other plasma products for intravenous administrat

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.aL1‐Antitrypsin (AAT) has been purified from human plasma supernatant A (equivalent to COHN fraction II + III) by a large‐scale chromatographic procedure involving anion‐exchange adsorption on DEAE Sepharose CL‐6B fast flow and size‐exclusion chromatography on Sephacryl S‐200. Before freeze‐drying, the liquid concentrate was heat‐treated at 60°C for 10 h to reduce the risk of transmission of blood‐born viral diseases. Using this procedure, AAT is recovered with 80–90% purity in 65–75% yield from supernatant A. The heterogeneity of AAT is preserved across the purification steps. In addition, purified AAT exhibits inhibitory activities against trypsin and elastase equivalent to that of the serum protein. The mean association rate constant for elastase was found as high as 2.15 times 105M‐1s‐1. Thus, purifying active AAT from supernatant A contributes to improving the availability of this protein which may be potentially useful in the treatme

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia of the warm antibody type developed a hyperacute hemolytic crisis with acute renal failure under conventional treatment with corticosteroids. Because of the life‐threatening situation it was decided to start a combined treatment with immunosuppression and plasmapheresis. Already after the first plasma exchange the direct antiglobulin test became weakly positive, the hemoglobin level rose from 4.1 to 8.1 g/dl, and the hemolytic crisis subsided. Four more exchanges were performed; thereafter, the patient's clinical condition and laboratory data stabilize

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We investigated metabolic, blood gas and acid‐base balance modifications of erythrocyte concentrates resuspended in PAGGS‐sorbitol solution during 6 weeks of storage. Glucose utilization was impaired during the last 2 weeks, while the intraerythrocytic ATP level decreased only 50% from the 1st to the 6th week. The K+ and Hb concentration in the medium showed a progressive increase which was more pronounced during the last 2 weeks. The decrease in pH progressed to reach 6.27 at the 6th week of storage. Intraerythrocytic 2,3‐DPG dropped rapidly in the course of the 1st week and the percentage of oxyhemoglobin showed a remarkable increase after the 1st week (90%). Our data suggest that erythrocyte concentrates in PAGGS‐sorbitol should be transfused, for optimal efficacy, within

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Optimal conditions for the storage of platelet concentrates were studied by changing 5 environmental parameters: bag composition (PL146 vs. PL732), volume of plasma (60 vs. 30 ml), anticoagulant (CPDA‐1 vs. heparin), nutrient (glucose vs. fructose) and medium (plasma vs. artificial medium). A full bilevel factorial study was conducted to evaluate each variable alone and in combination with the other variables for their effects on platelet aggregation and release in response to single and pairs of stimuli. Serotonin uptake, pCO2, platelet count, lactate, glucose, pO2, pH and white blood cell concentration were also measured after 3 and 5 days of storage. Platelets that were stored in PL 146 bags had reduced responses to stimulation by 3 days and markedly impaired responses after 5 days relative to platelets that were stored in PL732 bags. There was a large drop in pH and platelet responsiveness when platelets were stored in a volume of 30 ml in PL146 bags; these were not found when platelets were stored in 30 ml in PL732 bags. Replacing plasma with an artificial medium or adding fructose or heparin and calcium to plasma yielded platelets that were equally functional as routine controls in CPD‐A1 plasma. It was concluded that replacement of plasma with 60 ml of artificial medium or a reduction of plasma volume with storage in PL732 bags are two possible mechanisms of obtaining more plasma from blood donations without compromising maximum platelet storage l

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04898.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The occurrence of post‐transfusion purpura (PTP) in a 16‐year‐old girl with sickle/β‐thalassaemia is described. Clinically this was a typical case of PTP, but it was unusual serologically. Anti‐Bakaand anti‐PlA2platelet‐specific antibodies were identified and the patient's platelets were typed as homozygous PlA1‐positive and Baka‐negative. The patient also developed red‐cell, granulocyte and lymphocytotoxic antibodies in response to the blood transfusion and had a delayed haemolytic

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04899.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Anti‐Vw detecting an antigen on Miltenberger I (Mi I) variant glycophorin A (GPA) has rarely been reported as a cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). We report an infant with severe HDN due to anti‐Vw. Examination of the Vw+ erythrocytes of the father and paternal grandmother by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed an extra trypsin‐sensitive, periodic‐acid‐Schiff staining band, consistent with Mi I variant GPA. Staining of Western blots by monoclonal antibodies showed that normal paternal GPA expressed blood group M, while Mi I variant GPA expressed blood group N. Mi I variant GPA expressed the trypsin‐sensitive antigenic determinant detected by MoAb 10F7, indicating that the alterations known to occur in the trypsin‐sensitive fragment of Mi I variant GPA do not affect expression of the antigen det

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1987.tb04900.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY