摘要:

Abstract.HBsAg subtyping was performed in 5,337 sera from chronic carriers who originated from 54 different countries of the 5 continents. Nine subtypes were defined:ayw1,ayw2,ayw3,ayw4,ayr, adw2,adw4,adr q‐andadr q+. The repartition of these subtypes, according to the country of origin of the carriers, enhances the previous results and supplies new data:ayw1is prevalent only in Vietnam (51%);ayw2in Mediterranean countries (73%);ayw3in Greece and Yugoslavia (54%) along withayw2(41%);ayw4in West Africa (82%) and Central Africa (42%) along withayw2;ayrwas only found in Vietnam (3.4%);adw2is prevalent in North and Central Europe (70%), East and South Africa (95%), India (55%), along withayw3(35%) in northern South America (74%), and in the Antilles (82%);adw4is widespread in French Polynesia (45%) — with a 100% frequency in the Marquesas archipelago — as well as in Argentina (42%);adr q‐was found only in Oceania: French Polynesia (34%) with a 69% frequency in the Australes, New Caledonia (3 out of 3 HBsAg carriers);adr q+is the prevalent subtype in South‐East Asia if we exclude Vietnam (61%).These results show that a precise geographical distribution of HBsAg subtypes needs more than ‘four main subtypes’ generally used. Enlarging from 4 subtypes to 9 is a requirement for valuable epidemiologic studies, as well as for the specification of anti‐HBsantibodies produced by hybrids or induced by synthetic peptide. The geographical distribution of these 9 HBsAg subtypes and the serological relationship between some determinants suggest a genetic recombinati

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01885.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Patients receiving chronic transfusion for aplastic anemia or hemoglobinopathy are believed to be at high risk for developing red blood cell alloantibodies, while those undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia are believed to be at low risk. To test this hypothesis, we studied the acquisition of new alloantibodies in 703 transfused patients. While none of 99 patients with lymphocytic leukemia made new antibodies, patients with myelogenous leukemia (16%), hemoglobinopathy (29%), aplastic anemia (11%), gastrointestinal bleeding (11%) or renal failure (14%) made antibodies at statistically similar rates. Lymphocytic leukemia or its treatment is characterized by a lack of immunologic response to transfusion. Patients with hemoglobinopathy or aplastic anemia do not appear at statistically significant greater risk of alloimmunization than many other patients requiring chronic transfusion. Neither intensive chemotherapy for myelogenous leukemia nor the uremia of renal failure significantly suppress the formation of blood group antibodies.

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01886.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Sera with cytotoxic and haemagglutinating activity towards HLA‐A2/28 were also shown to react with red blood cells (RBC) expressing the HLA‐B17 antigen determinant. Absorption procedures with white blood cells (WBC) indicated that this was due to an HLA‐A2/B17 cross‐reaction. Absorption experiments with some other sera which previously had shown cytotoxic and haemagglutinating activity towards different HLA specificities, revealed broad cross‐reactions related to HLA‐B loc

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01887.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The use of high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with size exclusion column packings is investigated as an alternate assay method to the analytical ultracentrifuge, when assaying for the high molecular weight components of human plasma protein fraction. Results indicate that HPLC is a more accurate and precise method for assaying high molecular weight components in plasma protein fraction, even when present in small amount

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis was prospectively investigated in 230 cardiac surgery patients. 40 patients (17.4%) developed clinical and/or biological signs of hepatitis. In 10 cases (25%), the illness was due to hepatitis B virus infection. 1 patient (2.5%) had serological evidence of cytomegalovirus infection with clinical signs of hepatitis. In 29 cases (72.5%), the hepatitis was considered to be due to non‐A, non‐B agent(s). Of the 29 patients in this latter group, 16 have persistent transaminase elevations after 1 year, thus suggesting the development of chronic liver dise

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The proteins and sodium in human source blood plasma are segregated and concentrated on freezing, particularly in plasma that is frozen slowly in a large container. The temperature and the concentration gradients at the freezing front induce a convection in the liquid phase and thus play the primary role in the segregation of proteins and sodium in the frozen mass. Unidirectional freezing, where the freezing front moves against gravity, minimizes segregation because the density gradient‐induced convection is minimized at the solid‐liquid interface. Microscopic observation of the freezing front of the plasma indicates that ice crystals are the primary solid formed. Their shape is generally irregular, and they become highly dendritic as the freezing rate increases. Apparently, the liquid phase at the freezing front is trapped between the ice crystals; it then undergoes a complex secondary freezing process at a lower temperature behind the primary freezing front of the ice cryst

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0042-9007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY